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What describes the anterolateral movement of the scapula on the thoracic wall?
Retraction refers to the movement of the scapula to the anterior position.
False
What is the term for movement around the long axis of a limb?
Rotation
The right arm and left leg are referred to as __________.
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Match the following movements with their definitions:
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Which of the following muscles are considered part of the core?
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Good posture has no impact on psychological stability.
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Name the three somatotypes described by Dr.W.H. Sheldon.
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An individual with a broad shoulder, narrow hips, and a pear-shaped appearance is classified as an __________.
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Match the somatotypes with their characteristics:
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What is a key component of postural development?
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Mesomorphs typically have more fat than muscle in their bodies.
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Good hygienic conditions contribute to __________ development.
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Which of the following movements decreases the angle between two body parts?
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Adduction refers to a movement away from the midline of the body.
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What is the position called when the palm is facing up?
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Movement of the sole towards the median plane is called __________.
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Match the following terms with their definitions:
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Which type of movement involves the rotation towards the midline?
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Eversion involves moving the sole of the foot away from the median plane.
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What is the main function of opposition in terms of hand movement?
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Study Notes
Core Stability
- The core is a group of muscles that stabilize the hips, shoulders and torso (front, sides and back)
- The core muscles keep the body stable during movement
Posture
- Good posture is essential for overall health and well-being
- Factors that contribute to good posture: stable psychological background, good hygiene, opportunity to move freely
- Poor posture can lead to a range of problems, including respiratory issues, developmental problems and pain
Body Alignment
- The three somatotypes are endomorph, mesomorph, and ectomorph.
Endomorph
- Usually have broad shoulders, narrow hips, and shorter limbs.
- They store excess weight in the thighs, hips, and buttocks.
- Best way for an endomorph to lose weight is through a combination of healthy eating and regular exercise.
Mesomorph
- Has a rectangular bone structure with longer limbs, thinner bones, and a flatter ribcage.
- They have more muscle than fat.
- Often considered the "ideal" body type.
Ectomorph
- Is thin, usually tall, and lanky.
- Has a lean build with long limbs and small muscles.
- Struggles to gain weight.
Anatomical Movements
- Flexion: A movement that decreases the angle between two body parts.
- Extension: A movement that increases the angle between two body parts.
- Abduction: A movement away from the midline.
- Adduction: A movement towards the midline.
- Medial Rotation: Rotational movement towards the midline (internal rotation).
- Lateral Rotation: Rotational movement away from the midline (external Rotation).
- Elevation: Movement in a superior direction (e.g., shoulder shrug).
- Depression: Movement in an inferior direction.
- Supination: Turning the hand so that the palm faces upwards.
- Pronation: Turning the hand so that the palm faces downwards.
- Dorsiflexion: Flexion at the ankle so that the floor prints more superiorly.
- Plantar Flexion: Extension at the ankle.
- Inversion: Movement of the sole towards the median plane.
- Eversion: Movement of the sole away from the median plane.
- Opposition: Bringing the thumb and little finger together.
- Reposition: Movement that moves the thumb and little finger away from each other.
- Protraction: Anterolateral movement of the scapula that allows the shoulder to move anteriorly.
- Retraction: Posteromedial movement of the scapula that causes the shoulder region to move posteriorly.
- Rotation: When a limb moves around its long axis.
- Circumduction: When an area of the body moves in a circle.
- Ipsilateral: On the same side of the body.
- Contralateral: On the opposite side of the body.
Progression & Regression
- Progression: Involves increasing the difficulty of exercises by, for example, using heavier weights, more repetitions, or decreasing the rest time.
- Regression: Involves decreasing the difficulty of exercises. For example using lighter weights, fewer repetitions, or increasing the rest time.
Fundamental Movement Skills
- Fundamental movement skills (FMS) are the foundation of all movement and athletic performance. They can be broken down into categories like locomotor, non-locomotor and manipulative skills.
Training Guidelines for Non-locomotor Skills
- Body awareness: An athlete must be aware of the position of their body in space.
- Control: An athlete needs to be able to control their movements.
- Balance: An athlete must be able to maintain their balance in different positions.
- Coordination: An athlete needs to be able to coordinate the movements of different body parts.
- Rhythm: An athlete should be able to move with a sense of rhythm.
- Speed: An athlete should be able to move quickly.
- Accuracy: An athlete should develop skill in moving with precision.
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Description
This quiz explores the importance of core stability, posture, and body alignment. Learn about the different somatotypes: endomorph, mesomorph, and ectomorph, along with their characteristics and health implications. Discover how these factors contribute to overall well-being.
