38 Questions
What type of image is produced by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)?
Structural image
Which brain imaging technique uses a radioactive tracer injected into the bloodstream?
Positron Emission Tomography (PET)
How long does a typical Computed Tomography (CT) scan take?
20-40 minutes
Which of the following brain imaging techniques produces functional images?
Positron Emission Tomography (PET) and Single-photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT)
How do Computed Tomography (CT) scans produce images of the brain?
Using serial x-rays of the brain
Which brain imaging technique takes the longest duration?
Positron Emission Tomography (PET)
Which part of the limbic system is responsible for regulating activity, sensation, and emotion?
Thalamus
What is the primary focus of a therapeutic nurse-client relationship?
Establishing trust and understanding
What is the primary function of neurotransmitters in the nervous system?
To aid in the transmission of information throughout the body
What is the term for the study of the relationship between the brain and the immune system?
Psychoimmunology
Which structure is involved in temperature regulation and appetite control?
Hypothalamus
What is the term for the process of sending electrochemical messages from neuron to neuron?
Neurotransmission
What is the term for a severe, potentially life-threatening side effect of antipsychotic medications?
Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS)
What is the term for the process by which the brain becomes increasingly sensitive to stimuli?
Kindling process
What is the role of the hippocampus and amygdala in the limbic system?
Emotional arousal and memory
What is the function of the dendrites in neurons?
To receive electrochemical messages from other neurons
What is the term for medications that are used to treat anxiety disorders?
Anxiolytic drugs
What is the term for the time it takes for the concentration of a medication to decrease by half?
Half-life
What is the term for the gaps between neural cells?
Synapses
What is the effect of excitatory neurotransmitters on cells?
They excite or stimulate an action in the cells
What is the term for the use of a medication for a purpose other than its approved indication?
Off-label use
Why is it essential for healthcare professionals to consult a variety of sources when prescribing medication?
To verify medical diagnoses and treatment options
What is the term for the imaging technique that uses magnetic fields and radio waves to produce images of the brain?
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
What is the primary purpose of the product information sheet accompanying each drug?
To verify conditions of use, warnings, and side effects
Why is it important to consult multiple sources when administering medication with a narrow therapeutic range?
To identify potential changes in dosage schedule or contraindications
What is the primary responsibility of healthcare professionals when prescribing medication?
To verify medical diagnoses and treatment options
What is the purpose of the disclaimer in the preface of the Psychiatric–Mental Health Nursing textbook?
To provide liability protection for the publisher
Who are the intended users of the Psychiatric–Mental Health Nursing textbook?
Nursing students
What is the focus of the eighth edition of Psychiatric–Mental Health Nursing?
Student-focused, presenting sound nursing theory and clinical applications
How many reviewers contributed to the development of the Psychiatric–Mental Health Nursing textbook?
9
What is the main purpose of the copyright notice in the book?
To restrict the use of the book's materials
What is the recommended approach to patient assessment?
Considering individual patient factors, such as age and medical history
What is the role of the publisher in this book?
To provide a reference tool for healthcare professionals
What is the significance of the Library of Congress Control Number?
It provides a unique identifier for the book
What is the purpose of the permissions contact information?
To seek permission to reproduce or transmit the book's content
What is the implication of the 'as is' statement in the book's disclaimer?
The publisher disclaims any warranties or liabilities
What is the significance of the ISBN numbers in the book?
They provide a unique identifier for the book
What is the exception to the copyright notice?
Brief quotations for critical articles and reviews
Study Notes
Copyright and Publishing Information
- This book is protected by copyright, and reproduction or transmission in any form or by any means is prohibited without written permission from the copyright owner
- Exceptions are made for brief quotations embodied in critical articles and reviews
- Materials prepared by U.S. government employees as part of their official duties are not covered by the copyright
- The book is printed in China and published by Wolters Kluwer
Preface
- The eighth edition of Psychiatric-Mental Health Nursing focuses on student learning, presenting sound nursing theory, therapeutic modalities, and clinical applications across the treatment continuum
- The book emphasizes the therapeutic nurse-client relationship
Neurobiologic Theories and Psychopharmacology
- Key terms:
- Akathisia
- Anticholinergic side effects
- Antidepressant drugs
- Antipsychotic drugs
- Anxiolytic drugs
- Black box warning
- Computed tomography (CT)
- Depot injection
- Dopamine
- Dystonia
- Efficacy
- Epinephrine
- Extrapyramidal symptoms (EPSs)
- Half-life
- Kindling process
- Limbic system
- Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
- Mood-stabilizing drugs
- Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS)
- Neurotransmitters
- Norepinephrine
- Off-label use
- Positron emission tomography (PET)
- Postinjection delirium/sedation syndrome
- Potency
- Pseudoparkinsonism
- Psychoimmunology
- Psychopharmacology
- Rebound
- Serotonin
- Serotonin syndrome
- Single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT)
- Stimulant drugs
- Tardive dyskinesia (TD)
- Withdrawal
- Learning objectives:
- Discuss the structures, processes, and functions of the brain
- Identify pertinent teaching for clients and families about brain imaging techniques
- Describe the current neurobiologic research and theories that are the basis for current psychopharmacologic treatment of mental disorders
The Limbic System
- The limbic system is an area of the brain located above the brain stem that includes the thalamus, hypothalamus, hippocampus, and amygdala
- The thalamus regulates activity, sensation, and emotion
- The hypothalamus is involved in temperature regulation, appetite control, endocrine function, sexual drive, and impulsive behavior associated with feelings of anger, rage, or excitement
- The hippocampus and amygdala are involved in emotional arousal and memory
- Disturbances in the limbic system have been implicated in a variety of mental illnesses, such as memory loss in dementia and poorly controlled emotions and impulses in psychotic or manic behavior
Neurotransmitters
- Neurotransmitters are the chemical substances manufactured in the neuron that aid in the transmission of information throughout the body
- They either excite or stimulate an action in the cells (excitatory) or inhibit or stop an action (inhibitory)
- Examples of neurotransmitters include dopamine, serotonin, and norepinephrine
Brain Imaging Technology
- Types of brain imaging techniques:
- Computed tomography (CT)
- Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
- Positron emission tomography (PET)
- Single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT)
- Each technique has its own duration and results, ranging from structural images to functional images
This quiz covers the copyright notice, its importance, and the restrictions on reproduction and transmission of copyrighted materials.
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