Copyright Act 1968

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Questions and Answers

Which is the most common type of dementia?

  • Frontotemporal dementia
  • Dementia with Lewy bodies
  • Alzheimer disease (correct)
  • Vascular dementia

What percentage of Australians are living with dementia?

  • 45%
  • Unknown
  • 56% (correct)
  • 8%

What is the single biggest cause of disability in individuals over 65 years old?

  • Dementia with Lewy bodies
  • Vascular dementia
  • Dementia (correct)
  • Frontotemporal dementia

Which of the following best describes dementia?

<p>A progressive and irreversible loss of cognitive function (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of dementia?

<p>Diffuse brain disease primarily affecting the cerebral cortex and hippocampus (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How long is the average lifespan after diagnosis of dementia?

<p>7-10 years (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes Parkinson's disease?

<p>A progressive neurological condition resulting from the degeneration of dopamine producing cells in the basal ganglia (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the primary characteristics of Parkinson's disease?

<p>Motor impairments and emotional deficits (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about the prevalence of Parkinson's disease in Australia?

<p>It is the second most common neurological disease in Australia after dementia (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a function of the basal ganglia in movement control?

<p>Facilitating excitation of wanted movements (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary neurotransmitter in the basal ganglia?

<p>Dopamine (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the basal ganglia produces dopamine?

<p>Substantia nigra compacta (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which pathway of the basal ganglia is involved in inhibition of unwanted movements?

<p>Indirect pathway (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a method used for diagnosing Parkinson's disease?

<p>Definitive test (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical duration for making a formal Parkinson's disease diagnosis?

<p>1-2 years (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does Parkinson's disease progress and affect individuals?

<p>Slow progression with varying impact on life expectancy (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) assesses mentation, behaviour, and mood?

<p>Part I (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which medication is the mainstay of treatment for Parkinson's disease?

<p>Levodopa (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which class of medications mimic the effects of dopamine without needing to be synthesized?

<p>Dopamine agonists (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the surgical intervention of choice when motor complications are inadequately managed with medications in severe Parkinson's disease?

<p>Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following assessments is NOT recommended for evaluating balance and mobility in individuals with Parkinson's disease?

<p>Berg Balance Scale (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a possible assessment for measuring flexibility in individuals with Parkinson's disease?

<p>Tandem stance (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a recommended method for assessing muscle strength in individuals with Parkinson's disease?

<p>Dynamometers (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a recommended cardiorespiratory assessment test for individuals with Parkinson's disease?

<p>Functional reach test (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a type of cue that may help bypass basal ganglia circuitry for motor sequencing?

<p>Olfactory (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended frequency of cardiorespiratory exercise for individuals with Parkinson's disease?

<p>3-5 days/week (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended intensity range for resistance exercise in individuals with Parkinson's disease?

<p>40-70% of 1-RM (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended frequency of flexibility and joint ROM exercises for individuals with Parkinson's disease?

<p>3-5 days/week (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which age group has the highest percentage of people diagnosed with multiple sclerosis?

<p>20-30 years (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of people diagnosed with multiple sclerosis in Australia are women?

<p>75% (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes Multiple Sclerosis (MS)?

<p>An inflammatory disease characterized by demyelination of nerve fibers in the brain and spinal cord. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the average age of diagnosis for multiple sclerosis?

<p>30-35 years (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the impact of Multiple Sclerosis (MS) on individuals?

<p>It can have a significant impact as the disease course is unpredictable and symptoms can change. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the total cost of multiple sclerosis in Australia per year?

<p>$1 billion (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many people are diagnosed with Multiple Sclerosis (MS) in Australia?

<p>More than 20,000 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a symptom associated with Multiple Sclerosis?

<p>Memory loss (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most frequent location of lesions in Multiple Sclerosis?

<p>Spinal cord (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which assessment instrument is widely utilized in Multiple Sclerosis studies?

<p>EDSS (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which risk factor is NOT associated with Multiple Sclerosis?

<p>Smoking (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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