Podcast
Questions and Answers
A patient with COPD has chronic bronchitis. Which clinical feature is most associated with this condition?
A patient with COPD has chronic bronchitis. Which clinical feature is most associated with this condition?
What symptom is most indicative of emphysema in a COPD patient?
What symptom is most indicative of emphysema in a COPD patient?
Which is the primary risk factor for developing COPD?
Which is the primary risk factor for developing COPD?
Which pulmonary function test (PFT) finding is consistent with COPD?
Which pulmonary function test (PFT) finding is consistent with COPD?
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A nurse administers a beta-2 adrenergic agonist to a patient with COPD. What is the primary therapeutic action of this drug?
A nurse administers a beta-2 adrenergic agonist to a patient with COPD. What is the primary therapeutic action of this drug?
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What should a nurse include when teaching a patient about the use of an MDI (metered-dose inhaler)?
What should a nurse include when teaching a patient about the use of an MDI (metered-dose inhaler)?
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A patient taking albuterol reports insomnia and nervousness. How should the nurse respond?
A patient taking albuterol reports insomnia and nervousness. How should the nurse respond?
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Which intervention helps to loosen secretions in a COPD patient?
Which intervention helps to loosen secretions in a COPD patient?
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Why must oxygen therapy be used cautiously in COPD patients with chronic hypercarbia?
Why must oxygen therapy be used cautiously in COPD patients with chronic hypercarbia?
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Which is the most common cause of COPD exacerbations?
Which is the most common cause of COPD exacerbations?
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Which nursing action helps promote airway clearance in a patient with COPD?
Which nursing action helps promote airway clearance in a patient with COPD?
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What is a hallmark sign of chronic bronchitis in COPD?
What is a hallmark sign of chronic bronchitis in COPD?
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A patient is prescribed tiotropium bromide for COPD. What class of medication is this?
A patient is prescribed tiotropium bromide for COPD. What class of medication is this?
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What dietary advice should the nurse give to a patient with COPD?
What dietary advice should the nurse give to a patient with COPD?
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What benefit can a COPD patient expect from smoking cessation after diagnosis?
What benefit can a COPD patient expect from smoking cessation after diagnosis?
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Which statement indicates a need for further teaching about home oxygen use?
Which statement indicates a need for further teaching about home oxygen use?
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Which factor is a modifiable risk for developing COPD?
Which factor is a modifiable risk for developing COPD?
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What is the primary purpose of pursed-lip breathing in COPD patients?
What is the primary purpose of pursed-lip breathing in COPD patients?
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A nurse advises a patient with COPD to pace activities. What is the primary goal of this intervention?
A nurse advises a patient with COPD to pace activities. What is the primary goal of this intervention?
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A patient taking inhaled corticosteroids for COPD should be taught to:
A patient taking inhaled corticosteroids for COPD should be taught to:
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Why is anxiety common in COPD patients?
Why is anxiety common in COPD patients?
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Which surgical option is considered for severe COPD?
Which surgical option is considered for severe COPD?
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What type of diet should a nurse recommend for a COPD patient?
What type of diet should a nurse recommend for a COPD patient?
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How can COPD patients prevent respiratory infections?
How can COPD patients prevent respiratory infections?
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What is the therapeutic range for theophylline in COPD management?
What is the therapeutic range for theophylline in COPD management?
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Which symptom indicates a COPD exacerbation?
Which symptom indicates a COPD exacerbation?
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What is the best position for a patient experiencing dyspnea?
What is the best position for a patient experiencing dyspnea?
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What is the primary purpose of administering mucolytics in COPD?
What is the primary purpose of administering mucolytics in COPD?
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What arterial blood gas (ABG) finding is consistent with COPD?
What arterial blood gas (ABG) finding is consistent with COPD?
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What is a realistic long-term goal for a patient with COPD?
What is a realistic long-term goal for a patient with COPD?
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Study Notes
COPD Practice
- Pathophysiology of COPD: A persistent productive cough (lasting at least 3 months for 2 consecutive years) is most associated with chronic bronchitis in COPD.
- Clinical Manifestations of Emphysema: Pursed-lip breathing is a key symptom of emphysema in COPD patients. This is a compensatory mechanism to promote expiration and reduce air trapping.
- Risk Factors for COPD: Smoking is the leading cause of COPD, accounting for approximately 80% of cases.
Diagnostic Testing
- Pulmonary Function Test (PFT) Findings in COPD: A decreased FEV1/FVC ratio is a key finding in COPD, indicating obstructive airflow limitation.
Pharmacologic Therapy
- Beta-2 Adrenergic Agonist Therapy in COPD: The primary therapeutic action of a beta-2 adrenergic agonist is to relax bronchial smooth muscles and relieve bronchospasm.
Nursing Education for MDI Use
- Using Metered-Dose Inhalers (MDIs): Holding the breath for 5-10 seconds after inhalation allows for better medication absorption in the lungs.
Side Effects of Beta-2 Agonists
- Potential Side Effects: Insomnia and nervousness are common side effects of beta-2 adrenergic agonists.
Nonpharmacologic Management
- Interventions for COPD Patients: Postural drainage uses gravity to remove secretions from the lungs, helping loosen secretions.
Oxygen Therapy
- Cautious Use in COPD: Oxygen therapy must be used cautiously in COPD patients with chronic hypercarbia to avoid suppressing their hypoxic drive to breathe.
COPD Exacerbation Management
- Common Cause of COPD Exacerbations: Viral or bacterial infections commonly trigger COPD exacerbations.
COPD Nursing Actions
- Promoting Airway Clearance: Encouraging fluid intake of more than 2000 mL/day helps to thin mucus, promoting easier expectoration.
Clinical Manifestations of COPD
- Hallmark Sign of Chronic Bronchitis: Cyanosis is a common and reliable symptom/indication of chronic bronchitis in COPD, caused by inadequate oxygenation.
Pharmacologic Therapy (continued)
- Tiotropium Bromide (Spiriva): This is an anticholinergic bronchodilator. It's used to relax bronchial muscles and reduce mucus production.
Nonpharmacologic Therapy (continued)
- Dietary Advice for COPD patients: A high-calorie, high-protein diet helps meet the increased energy demands of breathing.
Smoking Cessation
- Benefits of Cessation: Stopping smoking prevents further lung damage, slowing the progression of the disease.
Oxygen Therapy (continued)
- Important Considerations for Oxygen Use: It is important to avoid using petroleum jelly with oxygen therapy as it can be flammable.
Risk Factors (continued)
- Modifiable Risk Factor: Smoking is a modifiable risk factor for COPD.
Pursed-Lip Breathing
- Purpose for COPD Patients: Pursed-lip breathing helps prevent airway collapse during expiration, reducing air trapping.
Activity Management
- Goal of Activity Pacing: Pacing activities helps to decrease fatigue in COPD patients.
Corticosteroid Use
- Important Instruction Regarding Inhaled Corticosteroids: Patients should rinse their mouth after using inhaled corticosteroids to prevent oral thrush.
Anxiety in COPD
- Cause of Anxiety: The progressive, irreversible nature of COPD contributes to anxiety in patients.
Surgical Interventions
- Surgical Option for Severe COPD: Lung volume reduction surgery is a surgical option for severe COPD to improve respiratory function.
COPD Diet (continued)
- Nutritional Needs for COPD: High-calorie, high-protein diets are essential to meet the increased energy demands of breathing.
COPD and Infection
- Preventing Respiratory Infections: Avoiding crowds and sick contacts is a critical preventative measure against respiratory infections for COPD patients.
Medication Monitoring
- Theophylline Therapeutic Range: The therapeutic range for theophylline in COPD is 10-20 mcg/mL.
COPD Exacerbations
- Symptom of COPD Exacerbation: Increased dyspnea (shortness of breath) is a hallmark sign of COPD exacerbations.
Patient Positioning
- Optimal Position for Dyspnea: High Fowler's position is the best for a patient experiencing dyspnea as it maximizes lung expansion.
Mucolytic Therapy
- Purpose of Mucolytics: The primary purpose of mucolytics is to thin and loosen mucus, facilitating expectoration.
Monitoring ABGs
- ABG Finding Consistent with COPD: Respiratory acidosis is a common finding in COPD patients due to CO2 retention.
Long-Term Goals
- Realistic Long-Term Goal: Maintaining oxygen saturation above 90% is a realistic long-term goal for COPD patients.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, and pharmacologic therapy for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). This quiz covers the key aspects of COPD management, including diagnostic testing and patient education. Enhance your understanding of effective interventions and nursing education regarding inhaler usage.
