68 Questions
What is the primary purpose of a coordinate system?
To establish positions with respect to given reference points
What is the science, art, and profession of determining the positions on the earth's surface?
Land surveying
What is a mental map?
An image in our minds
What is a neat line on a real map?
A narrow line that frames the mapped area
What is the main difference between a real map and a virtual map?
The tangibility of the map
What is necessary for satellite signals to reach GPS receivers?
A direct line of sight
How many satellites are needed to calculate a 3D position?
Four satellites
What is the purpose of a scale on a map?
To show the size features on a map in relation to the same features on the ground
What does PDOP stand for?
Position Dilution of Precision
What type of map shows the shape and elevation of terrain?
Topographic map
What does HDOP measure?
The accuracy of a GPS reading in the horizontal plane
What is the maximum DOP value at which data should be collected?
5
What is the name of the line that joins the poles and specifies location in east-west direction?
Meridian
What is the purpose of an inset on a map?
To show the location of the map in a larger region
What is considered an excellent DOP value?
2 or lower
What type of map is used to show specialized information in conjunction with a basemap?
Thematic map
What is the name of the circle on the surface of the globe that divides the Earth into two equal halves?
Great circle
What is the purpose of a graticule on a map?
To provide a grid pattern of meridians and parallels
What is the most accurate shape of the Earth?
Geoid
What type of map is used to show statistical information in diagrammatic form?
Cartogram
What is the purpose of longitude and latitude on a map?
To specify location in east-west and north-south directions
What is the term for the study of the shapes and features of the earth's surface?
Topography
Height above sea level would pertain to what term?
Elevation
What is the purpose of a benchmark?
To provide a point of reference for position and elevation
What is the term for the lines on a map that connect regions of equal elevation?
Contour lines
What map scale is the ratio of the distances measured on a map to the distances on the earth?
Representative fraction
What is the formula to calculate the percent slope of a surface?
% slope = change of elevation/change of horizontal distance X 100
What is the term for the systematic rendering of a graticule of lines of latitude and longitude on a flat surface?
Map projection
What is the main purpose of a datum in GIS?
To provide a coordinate system for maps and surveys
What is the term for the network of satellites orbiting the earth that provides accurate location and timing information?
GPS
What is the purpose of an ephemeris in GPS?
To predict the location of GPS satellites
A relative coordinate system defines locations by their distance from a reference point.
True
A position is an informal way to describe a location.
False
Land surveying is the science of determining the positions on the earth’s surface and measuring distances, directions, angles, and elevations between them.
True
A virtual map is a tangible map product that has a permanent form and can be directly viewed.
False
A typographical information is a component of a real map that includes the title, names, legends, and notes printed on the map.
True
A choropleth map is a type of thematic map that represents values that occur on a surface by a series of lines that join points of equal value.
False
A cartogram is a map that shows the shape and elevation of terrain.
False
The graticule is a grid pattern of meridians and parallels that assumes a flat Earth.
False
The equator is an example of a parallel.
True
A planimetric map is a type of map that shows the shape and elevation of terrain.
False
A bathymetric map is a type of thematic map that shows water depths and underwater topography.
True
Latitude measures location in an east-west direction.
False
A flow map is a type of thematic map that uses quantitative linear symbols to represent connections or flows between locations on the earth's surface.
True
A geoid is a perfect sphere shape that represents the Earth's surface.
False
A benchmark is a point that has been accurately measured for its position and elevation.
True
A graphic scale is a text version of the map scale.
False
The Lambert Conformal Conic Projection is used for small-scale topographic maps.
False
A datum is a coordinate system that uses a reference surface, like sea level, to provide known locations for maps and surveys.
True
GPS satellites use solar clocks for time determination.
False
The Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) uses latitude and longitude for navigation.
False
A contour line is a line on a map that connects regions of different elevation.
False
Map projections attempt to retain all characteristics of the globe.
False
The Mercator projection is used for navigation because it provides a line of constant direction.
True
GPS signals can penetrate thick tree canopy.
False
Five satellites are needed to calculate a 3D position.
False
A DOP value of 1 is considered poor.
False
VDOP measures the accuracy of a GPS reading in the horizontal plane.
False
Data should be collected above a DOP of 5.
False
Satellite signals require a direct line of sight to GPS receivers.
True
What obstacle can block GPS signals?
Water, soil, walls, and thick tree canopy
What is the minimum number of satellites required to calculate a 3D position?
Four
What does PDOP stand for?
Position Dilution of Precision
What is the range of DOP values?
1-10
What is the recommended maximum DOP value for collecting data?
5
What does VDOP measure?
The accuracy of a GPS reading in the vertical plane
What is the purpose of trilateration in GPS?
To measure distance and calculate position
What is an excellent DOP value?
2 or lower
Understand the concepts of coordinate systems, relative and absolute coordinates, and the difference between location and position. Learn how to define locations using landmarks and reference points.
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