Control Volume vs Control Mass
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Questions and Answers

Define a control volume and list one key characteristic.

A control volume is a defined region of space where matter continuously flows in and out. One key characteristic is that it can exchange heat and work through its control surface.

Provide examples of intensive properties and explain their characteristics.

Examples of intensive properties are temperature and pressure. These properties do not depend on the mass or size of the system.

What is a control mass and how is it different from a control volume?

A control mass is a definite quantity of matter where matter does not cross its boundaries. Unlike a control volume, a control mass does not involve continuous flow in and out.

What are extensive properties and give an example?

<p>Extensive properties depend on the mass of the system. An example is volume or internal energy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Define specific property and provide a formula for calculating it.

<p>A specific property is the ratio of an extensive property to the mass of the system. For example, specific volume is calculated as v=V/m.</p> Signup and view all the answers

List three examples of thermodynamic properties.

<p>Three examples of thermodynamic properties are pressure, volume, and temperature.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a molar property and how is it different from a specific property?

<p>A molar property is the ratio of an extensive property to the mole number of the system. It differs from a specific property as it relates to the number of moles instead of mass.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Differentiate between a real control surface and an imaginary control surface.

<p>A real control surface physically exists, while an imaginary control surface is conceptually defined and does not have a physical presence.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain the concept of properties in a system and provide an example.

<p>Properties of a system describe its characteristics that depend on the state but not on the path taken to reach that state. For example, internal energy is a property of a system.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Control Volume

  • A control volume is a defined region in space used to analyze the behavior of fluids and energy within a system.
  • Key characteristic: It can exchange mass and energy with its surroundings.

Intensive Properties

  • Intensive properties do not depend on the amount of substance present.
  • Examples include temperature, pressure, and density.
  • Characteristics: Remain uniform regardless of the system's scale or mass.

Control Mass

  • A control mass is a fixed quantity of matter enclosed in a defined boundary.
  • Difference from control volume: Control mass does not allow for mass transfer, while a control volume can exchange mass and energy.

Extensive Properties

  • Extensive properties depend on the system's size or the quantity of material.
  • Example: Mass, volume, and total energy increase with an increase in system size.

Specific Property

  • A specific property is an extensive property per unit mass of the material.
  • Formula: Specific property = Total property / Mass (e.g., specific volume = volume/mass).

Thermodynamic Properties

  • Examples include temperature, pressure, and internal energy.
  • These properties characterize the state and behavior of a thermodynamic system.

Molar Property

  • A molar property is an extensive property per mole of a substance.
  • Difference from specific property: Molar properties relate to the number of moles, while specific properties relate to mass.

Real vs. Imaginary Control Surface

  • A real control surface physically exists and can be observed in experiments.
  • An imaginary control surface is a conceptual boundary used in analysis without a physical presence.

Properties in a System

  • Properties are variables that define the state of a system.
  • Example: In a gas system, properties include pressure, volume, and temperature, which are used to describe its state and behavior.

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Description

Learn about the differences between control volume and control mass in the context of fluid mechanics or thermodynamics. Understand the concepts of matter flow, boundary conditions, and heat/work exchange for each system.

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