Control Structures in C Programming
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Questions and Answers

What are the two categories of control statements in C?

  • Branching Statements and Looping Statements (correct)
  • Selection Statements and Repetition Statements
  • Conditional Statements and Iterative Statements
  • Jump Statements and Function Statements

What is the purpose of an array?

  • To store different data types in a single variable
  • To randomly access elements using their memory addresses
  • To represent many instances of data with a logical relation among them (correct)
  • To store a single data type in multiple variables

What is a characteristic of an array?

  • Elements can be of different data types
  • Elements are stored in contiguous memory locations (correct)
  • Elements can be accessed using their memory addresses
  • Size can be changed at run-time

What is the indexing technique used to access elements in an array?

<p>Using index numbers starting from 0 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of an array?

<p>Dynamic indexing (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the range of indices in an array?

<p>From 0 to size-1 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the use of 'if' and 'switch' statements in C?

<p>For branching and decision-making (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many characteristics does an array have?

<p>7 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary advantage of arrays in terms of access time?

<p>Access time is constant regardless of the element's position (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can an array be declared in C?

<p>By specifying its type and size, or by initializing it, or both (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the variables vector in array declaration?

<p>To clarify how the compiler declares and stores variables (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula to access an element in a one-dimensional array?

<p>Base address + I X element size (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of not having index out of bounds checking in C?

<p>The program may access memory locations outside the array (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are multi-dimensional arrays declared in C?

<p>Data_Type Array_Name [Dim1_Size][Dim2_Size] (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the equation to access an element in a two-dimensional array?

<p>Base address + A X 2nd Dim_array_size + B X data_element_size (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the allocation of the array in memory?

<p>Contiguous blocks of memory starting from the base address (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Control Statements in C

  • There are two categories of control statements in C: Branching Statements and Looping Statements
  • Branching Statements include if statement and switch statement
  • Looping Statements include for statement, while statement, and do..while statement

Arrays in C

  • An array is a collection of items stored at contiguous memory locations
  • Elements can be accessed randomly using indices of an array
  • All elements in an array must be of the same data type
  • Arrays can store primitive data types (int, float, double, char, long) or complex data types (structures, arrays)
  • Seven characteristics of arrays:
    • Homogeneous: All elements have the same data type
    • Fixed size: The size of the array cannot be changed at runtime
    • Contiguous: All elements are allocated in contiguous memory locations
    • Indexed: Uses indexing technique to access any element
    • Ordered: Elements are ordered
    • Finite (Limited): Any array has a first and last place
    • Random or Direct Access: Time consumed to reach any element is constant

Array Declaration in C

  • Arrays can be declared by specifying its type and size, by initializing it, or both
  • Syntax: Data_Type Array_Name [Array_Size]; or Data_Type [Array_Size] Array_Name;

Array Storage in Memory

  • The compiler generates a Variables Vector to declare and store variables
  • The allocation of the array in memory starts from the base address with a length equal to the number of elements multiplied by the element size
  • The equation to access any element of the array is: address of element with index I = base address + I X element size

Two-Dimensional Arrays

  • A two-dimensional array is declared as Data_Type Array_Name [Dim1_Size][Dim2_Size];
  • The equation for the two-dimensional array is: address of element with index A, B = base address + A X Dim2_Size X data_element_size + B X data_element_size
  • Multi-indices are used to access array elements, with each level of index representing a dimensional level

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Description

This quiz covers the control flow statements in C programming, including branching statements like if and switch, and looping statements like for, while, and do-while.

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