Control Structures: Branching

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary purpose of control structures in programming?

To control the execution flow of a program. (correct)
To create HTML elements.
To define variable names.
To comment the code.

What does the `if` statement do?

It defines a function.
It evaluates a condition and executes code if the condition is true. (correct)
It executes code repeatedly.
It always executes the code block.

What does the `else` statement do when used with an `if` statement?

It always skips the `if` block.
It executes if the `if` condition is true.
It defines a new variable.
It executes if the `if` condition is false. (correct)

What is the purpose of a `switch` statement?

To perform different actions based on different conditions. (C)

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What is the purpose of the `break` keyword in a `switch` statement?

To exit from the <code>switch</code> block. (C)

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What is a loop?

A structure that executes code repeatedly. (C)

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Which of the following is a component of a `for` loop?

An initializer. (C)

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What is a 'pre-test' loop?

A loop that evaluates the condition before executing statements. (C)

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How does a `do...while` loop differ from a `while` loop?

The <code>do...while</code> loop evaluates the condition after its statements have been executed. (C)

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What is the purpose of the `continue` keyword?

To skip a single iteration of a loop. (D)

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Control structures determine the execution flow of a program.

True (A)

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An `if` statement executes code regardless of the initial condition.

False (B)

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The `else` block is executed when the condition in the `if` statement is true.

False (B)

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A `switch` statement can only compare against integer values.

False (B)

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In a `switch` statement, the `default` block is executed when no `case` matches the expression.

True (A)

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The `break` keyword in a `switch` statement is optional.

False (B)

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A `for` loop executes a block of code a fixed number of times.

False (B)

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A `while` loop continues executing as long as the condition is false.

False (B)

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A `do...while` loop always executes the code block at least once.

True (A)

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The `break` statement skips the rest of the current iteration and continues with the next iteration of the loop.

False (B)

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In JavaScript, what happens if you omit the `break` statement at the end of a `case` block within a `switch` statement?

The next <code>case</code> block will be executed, regardless of whether its condition matches. (C)

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Which type of loop is guaranteed to execute its code block at least once, regardless of whether the condition is initially true or false?

<code>do...while</code> loop (C)

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Given a `for` loop with the structure `for (initializer; condition; modifier)`, which part is responsible for updating the loop counter variable after each iteration?

modifier (D)

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What is the primary difference between a `while` loop and a `for` loop in JavaScript?

A <code>for</code> loop typically includes initialization, condition, and modification expressions, while a <code>while</code> loop only has a condition. (D)

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In a `for` loop, what happens if the 'condition' part is always true?

The loop will execute indefinitely, creating an infinite loop. (C)

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What is the purpose of the `default` keyword in a `switch` statement?

It specifies the code to be executed if none of the <code>case</code> expressions match the <code>switch</code> expression. (B)

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Consider the following code snippet: `if (x > 5) { y = 10; } else if (x > 2) { y = 5; } else { y = 2; }` If `x` is equal to 3, what value will `y` have after this code is executed?

5 (B)

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When is the condition in a `while` loop evaluated?

Before each execution of the loop's code block. (B)

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What is the effect of the `continue` statement within a loop?

It skips the rest of the current iteration and proceeds to the next iteration. (A)

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Which of the following is the correct syntax for a `switch` statement in Javascript?

<code>switch (expression) { case value1: code; case value2: code; default: code; }</code> (C)

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Control structures are not essential for decision-making in programming.

False (B)

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The `if` statement will execute code regardless of whether the condition is true or false.

False (B)

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Extending an `if` statement with an `else` block provides an alternative execution path when the condition is false.

True (A)

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In a `switch` statement, if no `break` keyword is used, execution will stop at the end of each `case` even if the evaluation does not match the case.

False (B)

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The `getDay()` method returns the weekday as a string (e.g., "Monday", "Tuesday").

False (B)

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A `for` loop must contain an initializer, a condition, and a terminator.

True (A)

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`While` loops and `for` loops evaluate the test condition after the statements are executed.

False (B)

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The `do while` loop always executes the code block at least once.

True (A)

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The `break` keyword can only be used inside a `switch` statement.

False (B)

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The `continue` keyword will terminate the entire loop when a specified condition is met.

False (B)

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Flashcards

Control Structures

Determine the order in which program statements are executed, allowing for conditional execution and looping.

"If" Statement

Evaluates a condition; executes code if the condition is true.

"Else" Statement

Adds an alternative execution path when the initial 'if' condition is false.

Switch Statement

A statement to perform different actions based on different conditions.

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Loop

A structure that repeatedly executes a block of code as long as a condition is true.

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"Do While" Loop

A loop that first executes the code block and then checks the condition.

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"Break" Keyword

Immediately exits a loop, regardless of the loop condition.

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"Continue" Keyword

Skips the current iteration of a loop and proceeds to the next iteration.

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Initializer

A statement that sets the initial value of a loop counter variable.

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Condition

An expression that is evaluated before each iteration in the loop.

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Else If Statement

Adds multiple conditional tests to an 'if' statement by testing conditions at the start of each 'else' block.

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Switch 'Break' Keyword

A keyword that breaks out of the current case in a switch statement.

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While Loop

Evaluates a condition before executing statements; the loop continues as long as the condition is true.

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Loop Modifier

A value in the test condition is updated to ensure that the condition will eventually evaluate to false.

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Iteration

Each pass through a loop, involving checking the condition and executing statements.

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Loop's Termination Condition

The condition, when unmet, causes a loop to stop executing.

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Pre-Test loops

A loop that evaluates the condition before executing statements.

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Switch 'Default' Statement

The keyword in a switch statement that executes when no case matches.

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Branch If

Evaluates a condition, and if true, executes the associated code block. If false, the code is skipped.

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For loop

Is the most commonly used loop structure in JavaScript, containing an initializer, condition, and modifier.

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Study Notes

Control structures manage the execution flow of a program by allowing conditional execution and looping
Control structures are essential for decision-making, repetitive execution, efficient coding, and logic building

Branch If

The if statement evaluates a condition
If the condition is true, the associated code block is executed
Syntax: if (condition) { // code block }

Example:

if (hour < 18) {
  greeting = "Good day";
}

Branch Alternatives with Else

Extending the if statement with else adds an alternative execution path when the condition is false
Syntax: if (condition) { // code for true } else { // code for false }

Example:

if (hour < 18) {
  greeting = "Good day";
} else {
  greeting = "Good evening";
}

Multiple Branches

Multiple conditional if tests at the start of each else statement block can provide multiple branches
Syntax: if (condition) { // code for true } else if (condition) { // code for false }

Example:

if (hour < 18) {
  greeting = "Good day";
} else if (hour < 24) {
  greeting = "Good evening";
}

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Control Structures: Branching

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Podcast

Questions and Answers

What is the primary purpose of control structures in programming?

What does the if statement do?

What does the else statement do when used with an if statement?

What is the purpose of a switch statement?

What is the purpose of the break keyword in a switch statement?

What is a loop?

Which of the following is a component of a for loop?

What is a 'pre-test' loop?

How does a do...while loop differ from a while loop?

What is the purpose of the continue keyword?

Control structures determine the execution flow of a program.

An if statement executes code regardless of the initial condition.

The else block is executed when the condition in the if statement is true.

A switch statement can only compare against integer values.

In a switch statement, the default block is executed when no case matches the expression.

The break keyword in a switch statement is optional.

A for loop executes a block of code a fixed number of times.

A while loop continues executing as long as the condition is false.

A do...while loop always executes the code block at least once.

The break statement skips the rest of the current iteration and continues with the next iteration of the loop.

In JavaScript, what happens if you omit the break statement at the end of a case block within a switch statement?

Which type of loop is guaranteed to execute its code block at least once, regardless of whether the condition is initially true or false?

Given a for loop with the structure for (initializer; condition; modifier), which part is responsible for updating the loop counter variable after each iteration?

What is the primary difference between a while loop and a for loop in JavaScript?

In a for loop, what happens if the 'condition' part is always true?

What is the purpose of the default keyword in a switch statement?

Consider the following code snippet: if (x > 5) { y = 10; } else if (x > 2) { y = 5; } else { y = 2; } If x is equal to 3, what value will y have after this code is executed?

When is the condition in a while loop evaluated?

What is the effect of the continue statement within a loop?

Which of the following is the correct syntax for a switch statement in Javascript?

Control structures are not essential for decision-making in programming.

The if statement will execute code regardless of whether the condition is true or false.

Extending an if statement with an else block provides an alternative execution path when the condition is false.

In a switch statement, if no break keyword is used, execution will stop at the end of each case even if the evaluation does not match the case.

The getDay() method returns the weekday as a string (e.g., "Monday", "Tuesday").

A for loop must contain an initializer, a condition, and a terminator.

While loops and for loops evaluate the test condition after the statements are executed.

The do while loop always executes the code block at least once.

The break keyword can only be used inside a switch statement.

The continue keyword will terminate the entire loop when a specified condition is met.

Flashcards

Control Structures

"If" Statement

"Else" Statement

Switch Statement

Loop

"Do While" Loop

"Break" Keyword

"Continue" Keyword

Initializer

Condition

Else If Statement

Switch 'Break' Keyword

While Loop

Loop Modifier

Iteration

Loop's Termination Condition

Pre-Test loops

Switch 'Default' Statement

Branch If

For loop

Study Notes

Branch If

Branch Alternatives with Else

Multiple Branches

Studying That Suits You

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What does the `if` statement do?

What does the `else` statement do when used with an `if` statement?

What is the purpose of a `switch` statement?

What is the purpose of the `break` keyword in a `switch` statement?

Which of the following is a component of a `for` loop?

How does a `do...while` loop differ from a `while` loop?

What is the purpose of the `continue` keyword?

An `if` statement executes code regardless of the initial condition.

The `else` block is executed when the condition in the `if` statement is true.

A `switch` statement can only compare against integer values.

In a `switch` statement, the `default` block is executed when no `case` matches the expression.

The `break` keyword in a `switch` statement is optional.

A `for` loop executes a block of code a fixed number of times.

A `while` loop continues executing as long as the condition is false.

A `do...while` loop always executes the code block at least once.

The `break` statement skips the rest of the current iteration and continues with the next iteration of the loop.

In JavaScript, what happens if you omit the `break` statement at the end of a `case` block within a `switch` statement?

Given a `for` loop with the structure `for (initializer; condition; modifier)`, which part is responsible for updating the loop counter variable after each iteration?

What is the primary difference between a `while` loop and a `for` loop in JavaScript?

In a `for` loop, what happens if the 'condition' part is always true?

What is the purpose of the `default` keyword in a `switch` statement?

Consider the following code snippet: `if (x > 5) { y = 10; } else if (x > 2) { y = 5; } else { y = 2; }` If `x` is equal to 3, what value will `y` have after this code is executed?

When is the condition in a `while` loop evaluated?

What is the effect of the `continue` statement within a loop?

Which of the following is the correct syntax for a `switch` statement in Javascript?

The `if` statement will execute code regardless of whether the condition is true or false.

Extending an `if` statement with an `else` block provides an alternative execution path when the condition is false.

In a `switch` statement, if no `break` keyword is used, execution will stop at the end of each `case` even if the evaluation does not match the case.

The `getDay()` method returns the weekday as a string (e.g., "Monday", "Tuesday").

A `for` loop must contain an initializer, a condition, and a terminator.

`While` loops and `for` loops evaluate the test condition after the statements are executed.

The `do while` loop always executes the code block at least once.

The `break` keyword can only be used inside a `switch` statement.

The `continue` keyword will terminate the entire loop when a specified condition is met.