General Clauses Act 1897

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary purpose of using control charts in a manufacturing process?

To calculate the exact number of defective products produced per hour.
To precisely measure the dimensions of manufactured parts.
To adjust machine settings to optimize production speed.
To monitor a process and determine if it is stable and predictable. (correct)

In statistical process control, what does a 'stable' process indicate?

The process eliminates all defects.
The process mean is exactly at the target value.
The process operates with only random, common cause variation. (correct)
The process variation is increasing at a constant rate.

What does it mean when a data point falls outside the control limits on a control chart?

The process is in statistical control.
The process is performing exceptionally well.
Assignable cause variation is likely affecting the process. (correct)
Only random variation is present.

Which of the following is an example of assignable cause variation in a manufacturing process?

A poorly trained machine operator. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for distinguishing between common cause and assignable cause variation?

To apply the appropriate corrective actions. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Why is it essential to eliminate assignable cause variation in a process?

To make the process more predictable and stable. (B) Signup and view all the answers

How do control limits differ from specification limits?

Control limits are based on the process's natural variation, while specification limits are set by customer requirements or design specifications. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What does a trend of seven consecutive points increasing on a control chart typically indicate?

Assigntable cause variation is affecting the process. (A) Signup and view all the answers

In the context of control charts, what does the term 'false alarm' refer to?

Mistakenly concluding that a process is out of control when it is actually stable. (B) Signup and view all the answers

If a control chart shows a stable process, but the output consistently fails to meet specifications, what should be the primary focus of improvement efforts?

Reducing common cause variation to shift or narrow process output. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the risk of over-controlling a process based on signals from a control chart?

Introducing more variation into the process due to reacting to random fluctuations. (D) Signup and view all the answers

How does the choice of subgroup size affect the sensitivity of a control chart?

Larger subgroup sizes increase the sensitivity to small shifts in the process mean. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which scenario would MOST warrant the use of an exponentially weighted moving average (EWMA) chart over a traditional Shewhart chart?

Detecting small, gradual shifts in the process mean. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct interpretation of a control chart displaying cyclical patterns?

There is almost certainly an assignable cause linked to external factors that vary periodically. (B) Signup and view all the answers

A student consistently applies the wrong control limits when analyzing data from a manufacturing process. Even though the calculations are precise, their conclusions about process stability are inaccurate. What type of error is the student making?

A conceptual error, misunderstanding the fundamental purpose of control limits. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Due to budget cuts and a hiring freeze, the quality control department decided to reduce the frequency of sampling to the bare minimum to save time. What is the MOST LIKELY potential consequence of this decision?

It becomes more difficult to detect special cause variations, potentially leading to more defects. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the MOST appropriate next step if a control chart indicates that a process is out of control?

Implement a pre-planned corrective action strategy or investigate potential assignable causes. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the MOST LIKELY effect on a control chart if a machine operator, without authorization, tweaks a machine setting in an attempt to improve its performance?

The control chart will likely show instability, possibly with points beyond control limits or unusual patterns. (B) Signup and view all the answers

In Six Sigma, what is the primary goal of implementing control charts?

To reduce variation and maintain process stability to minimize defects. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Instead of directly measuring a critical dimension, a quality engineer uses a control chart to monitor the average resistance of a key electronic component. Over time, process drift will MOST likely cause:

The control chart may show a trend or a shift, indicating the component is moving towards a failure condition. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Modernism

A broad intellectual and artistic movement during the early 20th century that rejected traditional values and embraced radical experimentation.

Modern malaise

A sense of alienation, loss, and despair, reflecting the perceived meaninglessness of modern life.

Fragmentation in literature

Literary technique using fragmented narratives, stream of consciousness, and multiple perspectives to reflect the chaotic nature of experience.

Stream of consciousness

Exploration of inner thoughts and feelings of characters without objective description or logical structure.