Contrast Reactions in Radiology

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What is the most common type of delayed contrast reaction?

Cutaneous reactions (correct)

Laryngeal edema

Cardiopulmonary arrest

Nephropathy

What is the timeframe for delayed contrast reactions to occur?

After 7 days of contrast administration

Immediately after contrast administration

Within 30 minutes of contrast administration

Anywhere from 3 hours to 7 days following the administration of contrast (correct)

What is a severe reaction that can rapidly escalate to a life-threatening situation?

Delayed contrast reactions

Cutaneous reactions

Severe reactions (correct)

Bronchospasm

What is the reported incidence of cutaneous reactions?

0.59% Signup and view all the answers

What is a common symptom of cutaneous reactions?

Pruritis Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary treatment for symptoms of cutaneous reactions?

Corticosteroid creams Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum dose of diazepam that can be administered?

30 mg Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended route of administration for epinephrine in pediatrics?

Subcutaneous Signup and view all the answers

What is the dosage of nitroglycerin used to treat acute angina?

0.4 mg sublingual Signup and view all the answers

What is the classification of diazepam?

Benzodiazepine Signup and view all the answers

What is the strength of epinephrine that should NOT be used for IV injection?

1:1,000 (1 mg/mL) Signup and view all the answers

What system categorizes children into one of eight color zones based on their weight and height?

Broselow-Luten system Signup and view all the answers

What is the limitation of using serum creatinine to monitor renal function?

It is not a sensitive marker of renal function Signup and view all the answers

What is the widely accepted figure of serum creatinine that indicates significant renal insufficiency?

1.5 mg/dL Signup and view all the answers

What is the limitation of creatinine clearance derived from 24-hour urine collection?

It overestimates the true GFR by as much as 20% Signup and view all the answers

Why is glomerular filtration rate (GFR) a more sensitive indicator of renal function than serum creatinine?

Because GFR is a direct measure of renal function Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of using a cut-off value of 1.5 mg/dL for serum creatinine?

It may exclude individuals who actually have renal insufficiency Signup and view all the answers

What is the reason for the development of alternative predictors of GFR?

Because creatinine clearance is a cumbersome test Signup and view all the answers

What is the general definition of acute renal failure in terms of serum creatinine?

A 25–50 percent increase or 0.5–1 mg/dL Signup and view all the answers

How long does it take for serum creatinine to peak in acute renal failure?

3–5 days Signup and view all the answers

What is a common clinical manifestation of acute renal failure?

Oliguria (decreased urine output) Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential consequence of severe acute renal failure?

Dialysis may be necessary Signup and view all the answers

Which patients are at higher risk of contrast-induced nephrotoxicity due to dehydration?

All patients, especially if dehydrated Signup and view all the answers

Which group of diabetes patients is likely at higher risk of contrast-induced renal toxicity?

Insulin-dependent diabetics Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary route of excretion for iodipamide?

Bile Signup and view all the answers

What is the reason for using iodipamide to image the biliary system?

Because it is excreted into the bile Signup and view all the answers

What is the increased risk for patients with compromised hepatic function who receive iodipamide?

Renal toxicity Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary advantage of gadolinium-based contrast agents over iodinated contrast agents?

They have a lower risk of allergic reaction Signup and view all the answers

What is the composition of the solution infused over 30 minutes before CT imaging?

20 cc Iodipamide diluted into 100cc 0.9 Normal Saline Signup and view all the answers

What is the similarity between CT and MR contrast agents?

Types of adverse reactions Signup and view all the answers