Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the most common non-dermatological malignancy in women?
What is the most common non-dermatological malignancy in women?
Which condition is characterized by urinary leakage that worsens when standing?
Which condition is characterized by urinary leakage that worsens when standing?
In cases of premature ovarian failure, what is the first step in diagnostic workup?
In cases of premature ovarian failure, what is the first step in diagnostic workup?
Which of the following is a common characteristic of Chancroid?
Which of the following is a common characteristic of Chancroid?
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What should be administered to Rh-negative mothers at 28 weeks gestation?
What should be administered to Rh-negative mothers at 28 weeks gestation?
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What condition is a consequence of pelvic inflammatory disease that may lead to infertility?
What condition is a consequence of pelvic inflammatory disease that may lead to infertility?
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When should antibiotics be given to a pregnant woman who has tested positive for Group B strep?
When should antibiotics be given to a pregnant woman who has tested positive for Group B strep?
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What is a common cause of postoperative fever occurring two days post-surgery?
What is a common cause of postoperative fever occurring two days post-surgery?
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What should be done if there is no cervical change during labor?
What should be done if there is no cervical change during labor?
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When is the oral glucose tolerance test typically administered?
When is the oral glucose tolerance test typically administered?
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What is the best course of action to manage disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)?
What is the best course of action to manage disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)?
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What is a typical presentation of galactoceles in lactating women?
What is a typical presentation of galactoceles in lactating women?
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What condition can result from unopposed estrogen exposure in a patient's menstrual history?
What condition can result from unopposed estrogen exposure in a patient's menstrual history?
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What is indicated for a patient with placenta previa who has an initial bleed?
What is indicated for a patient with placenta previa who has an initial bleed?
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What hormone is produced more in polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) than follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)?
What hormone is produced more in polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) than follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)?
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What is the consequence of PTU (Propylthiouracil) crossing the placenta?
What is the consequence of PTU (Propylthiouracil) crossing the placenta?
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Study Notes
Contraception and Pregnancy
- OCPs (oral contraceptives) are contraindicated in women over 35 who smoke ≥15 cigarettes daily, and those with cardiovascular risk factors like hypertension (HTN).
- Rho(D) immune globulin (RhoGAM) administration is given at 28 weeks gestation to Rh-negative mothers. It's also given to Rh-negative mothers who have Rh-positive newborns, during any invasive procedures, and in cases of fetomaternal bleeding.
- If a pregnant woman tests positive for Group B Streptococcus (GBS) early in pregnancy, a repeat test at 36-38 weeks is not necessary; antibiotics are administered at delivery.
- Pregnant women who test positive for Group B Strep (GBS) at any point during pregnancy will need antibiotic treatment during labor.
Gynecological Conditions
- Endometriosis is associated with dyschezia, dysmenorrhea, and dyspareunia. Diagnosis is often made through laparoscopy.
- Breast cancer is the most common non-dermatological malignancy in women, often metastasizing to bone, brain, liver, and lungs.
- Urinary leakage worsening with standing is a key indicator for vesicovaginal fistula—usually a consequence of gynecologic surgery.
- Chancroid is characterized by painful, single lesions, accompanied by inguinal lymphadenopathy.
- Lymphogranuloma venereum presents with painless genital ulcers and severe inguinal lymphadenopathy.
Obstetrics
- Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) can lead to immune responses that scar fallopian tubes, causing infertility.
- Premature ovarian failure (POF) initial step is measuring FSH levels.
- Hydrosalpinx, a condition where fallopian tubes fill with fluid.
- Inactivated influenza vaccines are recommended for pregnant women, preferably before the influenza season.
- Free T4 (thyroxine) levels are measured in Graves' disease patients.
- Protraction and arrest are stages of active labor. Protraction is slow cervical change and arrest is no cervical change.
- Urinalysis is necessary when considering a suspected UTI or pyelonephritis.
- Oral glucose tolerance tests should be administered between 24 and 28 weeks to pregnant people with risk factors, like diabetes.
- Uncomplicated pregnancies require routine prenatal visits: every four weeks up to 28 weeks, then every two weeks from 28 to 36 weeks, and weekly visits after 36 weeks.
Other Conditions
- Atelectasis is a common cause of postoperative fever two days following surgery.
- Preterm labor management depends on gestational age (<32 weeks, 32-34 weeks, and 34-36 weeks), requiring different treatments like steroids, tocolytics, antibiotics, and monitoring.
- Patients with cervical cancer should undergo hysterectomy, as PTU (propylthiouracil) can cross the placental barrier and lead to fetal goiter, often causing polyhydramnios from esophageal compression.
- Placental previa treatment for initial bleeding includes IV fluids and observation.
- Post-partum oxytocin levels are usually higher than follicle stimulating hormone (FSH).
- Endometrial cancer may be related to unopposed estrogen exposure.
- Galactoceles are noncancerous breast masses that can resolve on their own in lactating individuals.
- Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC) can benefit from FFP administration for preventing complications, as it contains clotting factors.
Management of Preterm Premature Rupture of Membranes (PPROM)
- Management of PPROM is based on gestational age (<34 weeks, 34-37 weeks. Signs of infection or fetal compromise are critical factors in determining the appropriate course of action
- Decisions involve antibiotics, corticosteroids, fetal surveillance, and delivery, contingent on fetal/maternal health status.
Precocious Puberty
- Precocious puberty evaluation involves assessing factors like basal LH levels, bone age, and presence of secondary sex characteristics, guiding treatment options based on the cause of the condition.
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Description
Test your knowledge on contraception methods and pregnancy-related protocols. This quiz covers important aspects of oral contraceptives, RhoGAM administration, and the management of Group B Streptococcus in pregnant women. It's essential for understanding women's health and gynecological conditions.
