Continental Rifting and Lithosphere Driving Forces
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Questions and Answers

What is the type of rock generally produced at oceanic divergent plate boundaries?

  • Granitic rocks
  • Sedimentary rocks
  • Basaltic rocks (correct)
  • Peridotite rocks
  • Where are hotspots most likely to occur?

  • Divergent plate boundaries
  • Intraplate settings (correct)
  • Continental arcs
  • Intrusive igneous rocks
  • Which type of rock is commonly formed at continental rifts?

  • Silicic rocks (correct)
  • Andesitic rocks
  • Plutonic rocks
  • Granitic rocks
  • What is the primary rock type associated with the Mid-Atlantic Ridge?

    <p>Peridotite rocks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the percentage estimate of basic (basaltic) melts generated at modern divergent plate boundaries?

    <p>62%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of rocks are typically found at convergent plate boundaries?

    <p>Granodiorite, diorite, gabbro, and tonalite</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of rocks are associated with the Columbia River basalts?

    <p>Alkalic rocks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the spectrum of possible volcanic rock types near convergent plate boundaries?

    <p>Quartz diorite, diorite, granite, andesites</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What influences the melting behavior of mantle peridotite at convergent margins?

    <p>Composition (continental vs oceanic), fractionation processes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of rocks are referred to as trondhjemite near convergent margins?

    <p>Silicic rocks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What process lowers the melting temperature of mantle peridotite at convergent boundaries?

    <p>Flux melting releasing volatile vapors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What types of lava are erupted in the East African rift system?

    <p>Alkali basalt, phonolite, trachyte, rhyolite, and carbonatite</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following ancient rifts is mentioned in the text?

    <p>Rhine Graben and Oslo Graben</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the driving force behind the lithospheric extension that leads to the development of continental rifts?

    <p>Upwelling of hot plumes generated by the return convective loop of downgoing oceanic lithosphere</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does bimodal volcanism occur according to the text?

    <p>Continental rifts and hotspots underlying lithosphere</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of volcanism involves the occurrence of both basalt and rhyolite at continental rifts?

    <p>Bimodal volcanism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which volcanic rocks are referred to as silicic rocks in the text?

    <p>Rhyolite</p> Signup and view all the answers

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