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Questions and Answers
What does the term 'humanities' primarily reflect?
What does the term 'humanities' primarily reflect?
- The creation of visual and plastic arts.
- The portrayal of stories through dramatic performances.
- The study of human culture and refinement. (correct)
- The expression of artistic ideas through sound.
Which of the following best describes 'plastic arts'?
Which of the following best describes 'plastic arts'?
- Performative arts involving dance and drama.
- Three-dimensional artworks like sculptures. (correct)
- Art forms such as painting and drawing.
- Two-dimensional images created for visual appeal.
What significance do the Ifugao sculptures known as Bul-ul have?
What significance do the Ifugao sculptures known as Bul-ul have?
- They are ceremonial tools for dance performances.
- They represent the ancestors and protect the harvest. (correct)
- They depict stories of tragic events in Ifugao history.
- They serve as musical instruments during celebrations.
Which of the following art forms is considered the most direct in using the human body?
Which of the following art forms is considered the most direct in using the human body?
What material is used to create the Hagabi chair in Ifugao culture?
What material is used to create the Hagabi chair in Ifugao culture?
What is the primary material used to construct a torogan?
What is the primary material used to construct a torogan?
Which decorative element is commonly found at the ends of a torogan's panalong beam?
Which decorative element is commonly found at the ends of a torogan's panalong beam?
What is the function of the Sarimanok in Maranao culture?
What is the function of the Sarimanok in Maranao culture?
Which item represents a significant archaeological find used for burial in the Philippines?
Which item represents a significant archaeological find used for burial in the Philippines?
In Maranao weaving, what does the term 'okir' refer to?
In Maranao weaving, what does the term 'okir' refer to?
What characteristic distinguishes the men's and women's okir designs in Maranao weaving?
What characteristic distinguishes the men's and women's okir designs in Maranao weaving?
What is the favored color in Maranao weaving that signifies royalty?
What is the favored color in Maranao weaving that signifies royalty?
What did the term 'Pintados' refer to in Spanish colonial times?
What did the term 'Pintados' refer to in Spanish colonial times?
Which item is specifically a head-hunting necklace introduced by the Ifugaos?
Which item is specifically a head-hunting necklace introduced by the Ifugaos?
What is the primary purpose of pottery in the Philippines?
What is the primary purpose of pottery in the Philippines?
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Study Notes
Arts and Humanities Overview
- "Arts" derives from the Latin "ars," meaning ability or skill, emphasizing imagination and creativity in beautiful or expressive creations.
- "Humanities," from "humanus," relates to human culture and refinement.
Scope of Humanities
- Visual Arts: Includes any artwork perceived visually.
- Plastic Arts: Three-dimensional artworks, such as sculpture.
- Graphic Arts: Two-dimensional artworks, including painting.
- Literature: The art of combining spoken or written word for artistic and emotional impact.
- Dance: Direct expression using the human body as the medium.
- Music: Arranging sound rhythmically for artistic expression.
- Drama and Theatre: Stories performed by actors in front of an audience.
Indigenous Arts of the Philippines
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Ifugao Sculpture: Bul-ul:
- Carved figures representing ancestral spirits and granary gods, guardians of the harvest.
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Ifugao Sculpture: Hagabi:
- A narra chair signifying the owner’s high social status and power.
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Maranao Sculpture: Torogan:
- Traditional Maranao house made of hardwood, featuring intricately carved beams, symbolizing high social status within the community.
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Maranao Sculpture: Panalong:
- Carved end beam of the torogan.
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Maranao Sculpture: Sarimanok:
- A famed design resembling a fowl with ornamental features, often used in festive decorations.
Pottery in the Philippines
- Pottery involves shaping wet clay and baking, creating decorative and practical items.
- Palayok: Traditional clay pot demonstrating local artistry in functional items.
- Manunggul Jar:
- Burial jar found in Tabon Cave, Palawan; dimensions are 66.5 cm in height and 51 cm in diameter, recognized as a national treasure.
Weaving Traditions
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Weaving is the technique of interlacing threads to create various items: hats, mats, bags, and textiles.
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Maranao Weaving: Malong:
- Features "okir" ornamental designs; favored colors include red and yellow, representing nobility.
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Maranao Weaving: Okir A Datu:
- Gentlemen's design characterized by spiral patterns.
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Maranao Weaving: Okir A Bay:
- Ladies' design dominated by zigzag and angular forms.
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Ifugao Weaving: Tapis:
- A wrap-around cloth secured with a sash, also known as alampay in Cordillera.
Physical Ornaments
- Pintados: Tattooed indigenous Cebuano Visayans; tattoos are cultural markings.
- Boaya: Head-hunting necklace made from various natural materials, showcasing the artistic skills of Ifugao artisans.
- Lingling-o: Traditional warrior earrings or necklaces from Ifugao, typically made of silver.
- Bawisak: Decorative ornamentation crafted from beads and shells, representing Filipino aesthetics.
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