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यदि किसी वस्तु की कीमत गिरती है, तो उपभोक्ता क्या करेगा?
वह उस वस्तु की अधिकतम मात्रा की ओर अधिक विनिमय करेगा।
व्यक्ति किस तत्व के अनुसार जब ज्यादा मात्रा में कोई वस्तु खाता है, तो प्रत्येक अतिरिक्त इकाई से अतिरिक्त संतोष में कमी होती है?
अतिरिक्त मार्जिनल यूटिलिटी के कानून के अनुसार
मार्जिनल यूटिलिटी क्या है?
यह एक वस्तु की एक और इकाई को खाने से कुल यूटिलिटी में परिवर्तन होने की मात्रा है।
उपभोक्ता क्या करने का प्रयास करते हैं?
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उपभोक्ता कौन सी स्थिति पर अपने उपभोग्यता को अधिकतम करने की कोशिश करता है?
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उपभोक्ता क्या करेगा अगर उसकी आय में कोई परिवर्तन होता है?
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उपभोक्ता क्या कहते हैं जब मूल्य बढ़ता है?
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उपभोक्ता क्या कहते हैं जब कोई मूल्य कम होता है?
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जब कोई वस्तु के मूल्य में बदलाव होता है, तो कौन सी प्रभाव परिणामित होती है?
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कौन सा नियम कहता है कि, अन्य सभी बराबर रहते हुए, जब किसी वस्तु का मूल्य घटता है तो उपभोक्ताओं द्वारा मांगित मात्रा बढ़ती है?
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उपभोक्ता किस आधार पर निर्णय लेता है?
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उपभोक्ता का मार्जिनल उपयोगिता क्या निर्धारित करता है?
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Study Notes
Consumer Equilibrium, Demand, and Essential Concepts
To understand consumer behavior and demand, we delve into fundamental ideas like the law of diminishing marginal utility, substitution effect, marginal utility, utility maximization, and income effect.
Law of Diminishing Marginal Utility (LDMU)
LDMU states that as more of a good is consumed, the additional satisfaction from each extra unit declines.
Substitution Effect
The substitution effect refers to a change in consumption due to a price change, with the purchasing power remaining constant. If the price of a good falls, the consumer will substitute more of that good for others.
Marginal Utility (MU)
Marginal utility is the change in total utility from consuming one more unit of a good.
Utility Maximization
Consumers aim to maximize their utility, which is their satisfaction or happiness. They do this by choosing the combination of goods that gives them the highest level of utility, given their budget constraint.
Indifference Curves and Budget Constraints
Indifference curves represent combinations of goods that provide equal levels of utility, while budget constraints reflect the consumer's income and the prices of goods.
Marginal Utility per Dollar Spent (MU/P)
Consumers seek to maximize utility at the point where the marginal utility per dollar spent is the same for all goods. This implies that the consumer is indifferent between spending an extra dollar on one good versus another.
Income and Substitution Effects
Income effect refers to the change in consumption resulting from a price change, while holding the utility constant. A price decrease increases the purchasing power, causing the consumer to purchase more of the good.
Market Demand
Market demand is the sum of all individual demand curves. It shifts due to changes in income, preferences, prices, or the number of consumers in the market.
Law of Demand
The law of demand states that, all else being equal, as the price of a good falls, the quantity demanded by consumers increases.
Key Takeaways
- Consumers make decisions based on maximizing their utility, given their budget constraints.
- The law of diminishing marginal utility drives the law of demand.
- The substitution and income effects determine the slope of the demand curve.
- The condition for utility maximization is that the marginal utility per dollar spent is the same for all goods.
- Consumer demand is influenced by factors such as income, prices, and preferences.
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Description
Test your knowledge on consumer equilibrium, demand, and essential concepts like law of diminishing marginal utility, substitution effect, utility maximization, and market demand. Explore key ideas influencing consumer decisions and understand how preferences, prices, and income affect consumer behavior.
