Construction Materials: Natural Stone

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Questions and Answers

What is the minimum crushing strength required for a good building stone?

100 N/mm2 (correct)

50 N/mm2

200 N/mm2

150 N/mm2

What is an important characteristic of a good building stone in terms of texture?

Rough and porous structure

Compact fine crystalline structure (correct)

Coarse crystalline structure

Soft and fragile structure

Why is durability an important requirement for a good building stone?

Because it affects the stone's strength

Because it affects the stone's weight

Because it affects the stone's long-lasting nature (correct)

Because it affects the stone's appearance

What is the minimum specific gravity required for a good building stone?

2.7 Signup and view all the answers

Why is economy an important consideration for a good building stone?

Because it affects the stone's availability and cost Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the purposes of seasoning timber?

To reduce shrinkage and warping Signup and view all the answers

What is an important requirement for a good building stone in terms of fire resistance?

Good fire resistance properties Signup and view all the answers

What type of defect in timber is caused by fungal action?

Defect due to fungal action Signup and view all the answers

What is an important characteristic of a good building stone in terms of structure?

Uniform structure without cracks, fractures, and cavities Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of bamboo that makes it beneficial in earthquake-prone areas?

Its flexibility Signup and view all the answers

What is an important requirement for a good building stone in terms of weathering?

Good weathering resistance properties Signup and view all the answers

What is a type of defect in timber that can occur during conversion?

Radial shake Signup and view all the answers

What is a benefit of using bamboo in construction?

It has better wear and tear resistance Signup and view all the answers

What type of defect in timber is caused by insects?

Defect due to insect attack Signup and view all the answers

What is a part of the bamboo roofing system?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

What is a use of bamboo in construction?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of asphalt emulsion?

Waterproofing purposes Signup and view all the answers

What is mastic asphalt used for?

Waterproofing and damp proofing Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of asphalt that makes it suitable for building construction?

It is a good insulator of electricity, heat, and sound Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between natural asphalt and residual asphalt?

Natural asphalt is obtained from natural sources, while residual asphalt is obtained from crude petroleum oils Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary advantage of using bamboo in construction?

It is a viable alternative to steel reinforcement Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of asphaltic cement?

Roofing, flooring, and filler in expansion joints Signup and view all the answers

What is cutback asphalt used for?

Preparing bituminous paints Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary property of asphalt that makes it suitable for road construction?

It is a durable and tough material Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Natural Construction Materials

Stone

Requirements of good building stone:
- Crushing strength: greater than 100 N/mm2
- Hardness: sufficient
- Durability: long-lasting
- Fire resistance: good
- Seasoning/weathering: good
- Water resistance: less water absorption
- Economy: economical and easily available
- Attrition: less wear and tear
- Facing and dressing: easily molded and dressed
- Specific gravity: higher than 2.7
- Texture: compact, fine crystalline, no cracks or cavities
Characteristics of stone:
- Appearance: fine, compact texture, uniform color
- Structure: uniform, no cracks or fractures
- Strength: greater than 100 N/mm2
- Weight: considerable and suitable for construction sites

Timber

Defects in timber:
- Natural defects: knots, twisted fibers, ring shakes, rupture
- Defects due to conversion: radial shakes, case hardening, twisted, bowing, honey combing
- Defects formed due to insects: termite, insect, beetle, stem borer attacks
- Defects formed due to fungal action: reduces wood strength
- Defects due to seasoning: warp, cup, bow, twist

Bamboo as a Building Material

Characteristics:
- Strength comparable to teak and sal
- Can be used for trusses, roofs, walls, doors, windows, and flooring
- Benefits: lightweight, flexible, earthquake-resistant, and cost-effective
Applications:
- Bamboo trusses and roofs
- Bamboo walling and ceiling
- Bamboo doors and windows
- Bamboo flooring
- Scaffolding

Asphalt

Types:
- Cutback asphalt: liquid asphalt for preparing bituminous paints and repairing roofs
- Asphalt emulsion: for water proofing
- Asphaltic cement: for roofing, flooring, water proofing, and filler in expansion joints in concrete
- Mastic asphalt: for damp proofing and water proofing
Classification:
- Natural asphalt: obtained from natural sources
- Residual asphalt: obtained by fractional distillation of crude petroleum oils
Properties:
- Waterproof and easily cleaned
- Durable and tough
- Resilient and elastic
- Good insulator of electricity, heat, and sound
Uses:
- Damp proofing
- Roads and pavements
- Swimming pools, tanks, and basements

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Description

This quiz covers the requirements of good building stone, including crushing strength and hardness. It's a part of the CE102H course.