25 Questions
Which of the following best describes construct bias?
When a test measures the same construct differently for different groups
What does construct bias concern in relation to psychological tests?
The relationship between observed scores and true scores
How can construct bias manifest in test scores?
Two groups having the same average true score and different average observed scores
Which of the following best describes predictive bias?
When a tests use has different implications for two groups
What is an example of predictive bias?
An IQ test used to predict job performance
What does predictive bias concern in relation to test scores?
The implications of a test's use for different groups
What is the main difference between internal and external methods to identify bias?
Internal methods focus on construct bias, while external methods focus on predictive bias
Which of the following statements best describes the relationship between test score bias and true group differences?
Test score bias may or may not indicate true group differences.
Which of the following best describes construct bias in relation to psychological tests?
Construct bias occurs when people belonging to different groups respond in different ways to an item on a test.
Which of the following best describes an item's discrimination index?
The degree to which an item is related to the total test score
What does a high discrimination index suggest about an item?
The item is highly similar conceptually to most other test items
How can item discrimination indexes be used to test for construct bias?
By comparing item discrimination indexes separately for two groups
Which of the following best describes a test item with a high discrimination index (d)?
It suggests that the item is a good reflection of the construct being assessed
What does a test item with a low discrimination index (d) indicate?
It is not a good reflection of the construct being assessed
What does a high discrimination index (d) suggest about an item's ability to discriminate amongst people with varying levels of aptitude?
It suggests that the item is unbiased and fair
Which method can be used to evaluate the internal structure of a test and detect construct bias?
Factor analysis
What is construct bias detected when?
The dimensional structure of a test is not the same between groups
What does factor analysis evaluate?
The internal structure of a test
Which statistical approach is used to assess construct bias in the context of Item Response Theory?
Differential Item Functioning (DIF) analysis
What does Item Response Theory assume about the relationship between trait level and probability of answering a question correctly?
The relationship is linear
What does DIF assume about estimating people's trait levels from test data?
Trait levels can be estimated for different groups
What does construct bias refer to in the context of DIF analysis?
The bias in the relationship between trait levels and item responses
What evidence does DIF analysis provide if the trait levels and item responses do not match up in the same way for different groups?
Evidence for construct bias
What level of correlation between item means would suggest evidence of construct bias?
Less than 0.90
How can construct bias be detected using the means of each item?
By calculating the Spearman Rank Correlation between the item means
Test your knowledge on construct bias and its impact on psychological tests. Learn about the relationship between observed scores and true scores, and how bias can affect different groups.
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