Constitutional Rights Quiz

<p>Article 14 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Massachusetts Constitution must comply with the U.S. Constitution, but can provide greater protections. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To provide interpretations of existing laws by the courts. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The amount of jurisdiction the officer has in the situation. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Freedom to bear arms (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Issue a summons to the individual and release them. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>For any felony, regardless of whether it was committed in the citizen's presence. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The officer must have probable cause to believe the suspect committed a felony. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A frisk is a protective measure for officer safety, while a search is investigatory. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Reasonable suspicion (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To ensure the safety of the arresting officer and prevent the destruction of evidence. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The officer must have reasonable suspicion, based on specific and articulable facts, that the individual is armed and dangerous. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To gather intel on other possible crimes. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>When the officer has reasonable suspicion that the vehicle's occupant is armed and dangerous, and the search is limited to the areas within the occupant's immediate control. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An officer arrests an individual with probable cause and pursuant to a valid arrest warrant. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Civil Liability (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>If probable cause existed at the time of the search. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>If they reasonably believe that the residence is the suspect's and that the suspect is present at the time of the warrant's execution. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Know and announce their presence and purpose before making a forcible entry. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An officer moves the suspect to another room to search that room. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>If probable cause exists to believe the person has concealed a weapon or evidence of the crime for which he was arrested that would not otherwise be discovered by a standard search incident to arrest of persons outer clothing. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>When the officers have a credible risk of imminent harm. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>If the officer confirms through NCIC that an out-of-state agency will extradite the fugitive. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is a database used to verify the validity and status of warrants. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Confirm that the person arrested is the individual named in the warrant. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Reasonable suspicion that the person is armed and dangerous. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A person expects a place to be private (subjective) and society recognizes that expectation as reasonable (objective). (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Collective knowledge (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Non-police sources, witnesses, or anonymous tips. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To deter police misconduct and remedy constitutional rights violations. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>When the individual is willing to listen and voluntarily answer the questions. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Evidence found during an illegal search is admissible if the police can prove they would have inevitably discovered the evidence through legal means. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Reasonable Suspicion (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Police have reason to believe that evidence is about to be destroyed inside a building. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Discovering evidence of a crime. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A court will consider a suspect's race when considering their nervous or evasive behavior when encountered by the police. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Voluntary consent (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Police taking possession of property or restricting a person’s ability to move freely. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An officer lawfully present inside a home sees weapons. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Defendant's fashion sense (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Complete physical address, map with directions, and a recent photograph. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>When the judge determines there is a credible risk of imminent harm if the officers announce their presence. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>As soon as reasonably possible, but no later than 7 days from the date of issuance. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A judicial officer must evaluate the facts to determine whether probable cause existed for the arrest. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Anonymous tips without further verification (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Only if the misdemeanor constitutes a breach of the peace and is committed in the officer's presence. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Whether the potential sentence includes imprisonment for more than $2.5$ years. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Issue a summons to the suspect. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It justifies a warrantless arrest only if the misdemeanor disturbs public order or tranquility and is committed in the officer's presence. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The evidence obtained will be suppressed. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>No, because he isnt there in the yard anymore (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>If there is probable cause to believe any persons present are involved in the criminal activity. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Make, model, year, color, license number, VIN, any unique feature, and recent photograph. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Wait a reasonable amount of time before forcibly entering, giving notice in a manner likely to be heard by anyone who is present. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>10:00 PM to 6:00 AM. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Probable cause based on a strong showing of particularized need (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is only for checking for individuals, not evidence. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>If there is probable cause to believe evidence is inside the vehicle (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The consent must be given freely without any coercion. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Only the homeowner or those with a shared right of access (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Officers must stop searching immediately. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Probable cause to search and reasonable likelihood of danger (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A loud noise in the distance (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It may extend to any part of the vehicle where evidence may be found. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Officers can rely on visible circumstances that suggest authority to consent. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A person signing a document specifically authorizing a search. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It cannot be applied if the vehicle is on private property. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Touching or probing the body cavity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Consent was revoked after contraband was found (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Curtilage has a reasonable expectation of privacy not present in open fields. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Observed infraction or reasonable suspicion of criminal activity. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The police suspect a noise complaint with no immediate danger. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An OUI plus a jailable misdemeanor that breaches the peace. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Anyone in possession of a rental car has some expectation of privacy. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To safeguard the owner's property and protect police from theft accusations. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Creating the exigency through their own actions. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Reasonable suspicion based on specific and articulable facts. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It justifies an exit order or search of a vehicle. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pinging a cell phone without a warrant. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A suspect fleeing a violent crime scene. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Inside a curtilage area. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Driveways, gardens, decks, and swimming pools. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Suspicion based solely on the person's appearance. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Guarantees freedom of religion, speech, press, assembly, and petition.

Protects against unreasonable searches and seizures by the government.

Protects against double jeopardy and self-incrimination.

Guarantees the right to a speedy and public trial, and to counsel.

Prohibits excessive bail and cruel and unusual punishment.

Provides for due process and equal protection under the law for all citizens.

Similar to the 5th Amendment; protects against self-incrimination.

Law written and enacted by legislative bodies.

Warrantless searches for weapons on a person’s outer clothing.

The belief based on specific facts that a person is involved in criminal activity.

A limited search of a person's outer clothing to find weapons.

Limited search of a car’s interior for safety concerns related to weapons.

Authorities given to police to seize individuals and initiate prosecution.

The process of enforcing an arrest warrant by detaining the named individual.

A warrant needed to arrest someone based on an out-of-state charge or jail.

Prohibits use of illegally obtained evidence in court.

System to track and verify warrants for law enforcement.

Document allowing police to search a specific location for evidence.

Considers what a reasonable person would think or do.

Focuses on an individual’s personal beliefs or actions.

Intrusions by police to gather evidence or information.

Police taking property or restricting movement.

Expectation must be subjective and socially reasonable.

Trustworthy facts that suggest a crime has likely happened.

Evaluates information from non-police sources using two prongs.

Factors that can support reasonable suspicion and probable cause.

Police can engage citizens without legal justification.

When an individual agrees to a police search voluntarily.

Officers can seize evidence they clearly see while lawfully present.

Emergency situations that allow searches without a warrant.

To arrest, property value must exceed $250 (felony if over $1200).

Private citizens may arrest for felonies, not misdemeanors. Must have probable cause.

Merchants can detain suspects in reasonable ways for limited times based on probable cause.

Officers may stop suspects outside their jurisdiction under mutual aid or fresh pursuit.

Searches must be limited to seizing evidence and preventing harm, conducted contemporaneously with arrest.

A warrantless search must be on the arrestee and their immediate control areas, affected by context.

Must have probable cause, conducted privately with minimal officers, and should not humiliate the arrestee.

Visual inspections of genital or anal areas; more invasive than strip searches.

Police officers can be liable for unreasonable conduct in their duties.

Refers to the municipality where police powers are exercised; limits authority for arrests.

A search requiring touching and probing to find contraband inside body cavities.

Allows warrantless searches of vehicles if probable cause exists.

A brief, warrantless search for people posing danger after an arrest.

searches where a person waives their 4th amendment rights to provide access.

Ability to consent to a search based on shared access or legal agreement.

Authority perceived by officers that enables them to conduct a search.

An individual's ability to withdraw consent for a search at any time.

Type of crime and potential evidence loss inform exigent searches.

Situations that do not qualify as exigent circumstances, like loud noises alone.

Police searches should remain focused on specific evidence related to the arrest.

Immediate actions to protect police, others, or prevent evidence loss.

Includes tangible items like books, records, and stolen property.

Requirement for officers to announce their presence before entering.

A warrant allowing police to enter without announcing, for safety reasons.

Conditions allowing warrants to be executed during unusual hours or with triggers.

Arrest made by officers without a warrant under probable cause.

Legal power to arrest someone either in presence of a felony or under specific conditions.

A serious crime that often results in imprisonment over 2.5 years.

A less severe crime usually not resulting in imprisonment.

An act that disturbs public order or tranquility.

Requirement to return executed warrants to issuing authority within 7 days.

Conditions such as witnessing a crime or having enough evidence.

Value of stolen property must exceed $250 for arrest; $1200 for felony.

Police must contact a judicial officer if a detainee isn't arraigned within 24 hours.

A legal justification for immediate police action requiring urgent circumstances.

An OUI plus a jailable misdemeanor that amounts to a Breach of the Peace.

The protected area surrounding a dwelling where privacy is expected.

Consider proximity to the dwelling, enclosure, usage, and public access restrictions.

Situations like seeing blood, gunshots, or screams for help.

Loud noises or an OUI alone do not justify immediate police action.

Items discarded without an expectation of privacy, allowing police to search without a warrant.

Any part of property not part of curtilage, lacking privacy protection.

The first ten amendments to the Constitution, protecting individual liberties.

Warrantless seizures, typically short in duration, to check for probable cause.

Police order for a passenger to exit a vehicle during a traffic stop under safety or suspicion.