Consolidated Financial Statements

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Questions and Answers

According to AASB 10, which of the following best describes a 'Parent'?

  • A parent and its subsidiaries.
  • An entity that controls one or more entities. (correct)
  • The financial statements of a group in which the assets, liabilities, equity, income, expenses and cash flows of the parent and its subsidiaries are presented as those of a single economic entity.
  • An entity that is controlled by another entity.

Under AASB 10, which factor determines whether an entity should prepare consolidated financial statements?

  • Whether the entity is listed on a stock exchange.
  • Whether the entity has subsidiaries, regardless of control.
  • Whether the entity is a parent, subject to certain exceptions. (correct)
  • Whether the entity's assets exceed a certain threshold.

Which of the following is the most accurate qualitative definition of 'control' under AASB 10?

  • Having a contractual agreement that stipulates control.
  • Having the ability to appoint the majority of the investee's key management personnel.
  • Being exposed or having rights to variable returns from involvement with the investee and having the ability to affect those returns through power over the investee. (correct)
  • Holding more than 50% of the investee's shareholding.

According to AASB 10, what three elements must be present for an investor to have control over an investee?

<p>Power over the investee, exposure or rights to variable returns from involvement with the investee, and the ability to use power to affect those returns. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Under AASB 10, 'power' over an investee is defined as:

<p>The existing rights that give the investor the current ability to direct the relevant activities of the investee. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to AASB 10, what is the general presumption regarding power when an investor holds more than 50% of the voting rights in an investee?

<p>It is an indicator of power, but not conclusive. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of an 'existing right' that could give an investor power over an investee, according to AASB 10?

<p>Voting rights from shares. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to AASB 10, what are 'potential voting rights,' and under what condition should they be considered when assessing control?

<p>Rights to purchase additional shares; they should be considered only if they are substantive. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to AASB 10, what is meant by 'substantive rights' in the context of potential voting rights?

<p>Rights that the holder has the practical ability to exercise. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Under AASB 10, which of the following factors should be considered when determining whether potential voting rights are 'substantive'?

<p>Barriers preventing the holder from exercising the rights, such as financial penalties or incentives. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of 'protective rights' under AASB 10, and how do they affect the assessment of control?

<p>Rights designed to protect the interest of the holder without giving it power over the entity; they do not give rise to power. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following scenarios describes a situation where rights would likely be considered 'protective,' according to AASB 10?

<p>A lender can restrict a borrower from certain activities. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to AASB 10, what does 'current ability to direct' refer to in the context of assessing power?

<p>The ability to direct, rather than actually directing, the relevant activities, and this ability must be current. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to AASB 10, 'relevant activities' are defined as:

<p>The activities of the investee that significantly affect the investee’s returns. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

An entity is established by Entity A and Entity B to research, develop, and manufacture a new drug. If Entity A is primarily responsible for the research and development phase, and Entity B will take over after regulatory approval for manufacturing and distribution, which entity likely controls Entity C before regulatory approval, assuming all other control criteria are satisfied?

<p>Entity A (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to AASB 10, is it possible for an investor with majority voting rights (greater than 50%) to lack control over an investee? If so, under what circumstances?

<p>Yes, if another entity has power as a result of a contract or through liquidation/administration. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Under AASB 10, how is 'exposure, or rights, to variable returns' defined in the context of assessing control over an investee?

<p>The potential for the investor's returns to vary as a result of the investee's performance. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to AASB 10, what does the 'ability to use power to affect returns' refer to in the context of determining control?

<p>The investor's ability to increase its benefits and limit its losses from the investee’s activities. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of AASB 10, what is the key difference between a 'principal' and an 'agent' in terms of control assessment?

<p>A principal controls the investee, while an agent does not. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Fund Manager X sets up and markets a fund to a broad range of investors. X receives market-based remuneration, including a performance element, holds a small (< 5%) direct interest, and is required to operate the fund within a defined investment strategy and subject to relevant laws. There are no ‘kick-out’ rights. According to AASB 10, is X the principal of the fund?

<p>No, because X is acting as an agent. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Under AASB 10, what are the three main factors that should be assessed to determine if ‘Control’ exists?

<p>Power, rights to variable returns, and ability to use power to affect returns. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

AASB 10 provides an exception to consolidation requirements for certain 'investment entities.' Which of the following is a key criterion for an entity to qualify as an investment entity?

<p>The entity invests funds solely for returns from capital appreciation, investment income, or both. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Under AASB 10, if an investment entity is the subsidiary of a parent that is not an investment entity, is consolidation required?

<p>Yes, consolidated financial statements will be required. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to AASB 10, in which of the following scenarios would an investment entity (IE) parent not consolidate its subsidiary?

<p>The subsidiary provides investment services to the parent IE and is also itself an IE. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some of the challenges in applying the concept of 'control' in public sector consolidations?

<p>Control may be exercised by legislation, and there may be no ownership interests. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some of the common issues that arise when determining control in the not-for-profit private sector (e.g., charities, clubs)?

<p>Lack of legal identity, unclear ownership rights, mixed sources of power, and the distinction between protective vs substantive rights. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

AASB 10 Appendix E provides implementation guidance for not-for-profit entities. What is the scope of this guidance?

<p>It applies to both public sector and private not-for-profit sectors. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to AASB 10 Appendix E, what are some common sources of power for not-for-profit entities?

<p>Administrative arrangements and statutory provisions. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to AASB 10 Appendix E, what factors should be considered when assessing the power of an investor over a not-for-profit investee?

<p>Whether the investee's key management personnel are current/previous employees of the investor and whether the investee depends on the investor for funding or critical supplies. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Under AASB 10 Appendix E, does providing funding to a not-for-profit entity automatically grant the investor control?

<p>No, if the investee has discretion in accepting funding. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to AASB 10 Appendix E, how can 'variable returns' be interpreted in the context of not-for-profit entities?

<p>Broadly, to include the achievement and furtherance of the investor’s objectives. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to AASB 10 Appendix E, is the existence of congruent objectives alone sufficient for a not-for-profit investor to conclude that it controls an investee?

<p>No, the investor needs the authority to direct the investee to achieve those objectives. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to AASB 10, who is likely to prepare consolidated financial statements in the following scenario: A Ltd owns 100% of B Ltd, and B Ltd owns 100% of C Ltd?

<p>Only A Ltd (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Under AASB 10, what is the general relationship between the acquirer in a business combination and the parent entity for consolidation purposes?

<p>The parent will typically be the acquirer. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a factor to consider when an investor holds less than 50% of the voting rights but may still have power over an investee, according to AASB 10?

<p>The location of the investee's headquarters (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Determine if D Ltd controls E Ltd: D Ltd → E Ltd (45%) Over 20 other shareholders each holding < 2% of the voting power. These shareholders rarely attend meetings and vote. Does D Ltd control E Ltd?

<p>Yes, D Ltd controls E Ltd (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Determine if F Ltd controls G Ltd: F Ltd → G Ltd (35%) 3 other shareholders each holding 5% of votes. The remaining 50% of voting rights held by numerous small investors. 75% of the vote holders have been attending recent AGMs (including F)Does F Ltd control G Ltd?

<p>No, F Ltd does not control G Ltd (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

HRI is a charity that provides housing for destitute persons. 75% of its funding comes from State government grants with the remainder being sourced from private donations. The government grants contain a number of specific restrictions on how funds can be used, regular reporting and audit requirements, minimum service standards, etc. Does the government control HRI?

<p>No, the government does not control HRI (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Entity A holds 40% of the voting shares in Entity B. The remaining 60% is held by a highly dispersed group of small investors who historically do not attend shareholder meetings. Entity A has also demonstrated the ability to consistently appoint the majority of Entity B's board of directors. Consider only these facts. Does Entity A control Entity B?

<p>Yes, even though Entity A does not have a majority of voting rights, the dispersion of other shareholders and its ability to appoint the board suggests it has power. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to AASB 10, what is the primary determinant of whether an entity must present consolidated financial statements?

<p>The entity is a parent, controlling one or more subsidiaries. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Under AASB 10, which of the following elements is NOT required for an investor to have control over an investee?

<p>Significant influence over the investee's strategic decisions. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to AASB 10, which of the following best describes 'relevant activities'?

<p>Activities of the investee that significantly affect the investee's returns. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to AASB 10, what is the significance of 'substantive rights' in the context of potential voting rights?

<p>They must be considered only if the holder has the practical ability to exercise them. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Under AASB 10, which of the following is the most critical factor in determining whether an investor's potential voting rights are substantive?

<p>Whether there are barriers preventing the holder from exercising the rights. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to AASB 10, which of the following is an example of a factor that might prevent potential voting rights from being considered substantive?

<p>The exercise price of a call option is significantly above the current market price. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Under AASB 10, how are 'protective rights' best characterized?

<p>Rights designed to protect the interest of the holder without giving them power over the investee. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to AASB 10, if rights are deemed to be merely 'protective,' what is the implication for the assessment of control?

<p>They do not give rise to power. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Under AASB 10, what does 'current ability to direct' primarily emphasize in the context of assessing power?

<p>The investor must have the ability to direct, whether or not they are actively doing so. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to AASB 10, which of the following actions would most likely be considered a 'relevant activity'?

<p>Determining the investee's funding structure. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Entity A owns 48% of Entity C and formulates the day-to-day activities. Entity B owns 52% but plays no part. If Entity B disagrees with the management policies of A, they can take control by virtue of its majority voting interests. According to AASB 10, who controls Entity C?

<p>Entity B (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Entity C is established by Entities A and B to research, develop, and manufacture a new drug. Entity A is primarily responsible for research and development phase, and Entity B will take over after regulatory approval for manufacturing and distribution. Assuming all other control criteria are satisfied, according to AASB 10, which entity may control Entity C?

<p>The entity that can direct the activities that most significantly affect returns. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to AASB 10, is it possible for an investor with majority voting rights (greater than 50%) to lack control over an investee?

<p>Yes, if another party has power (e.g., government, administrator, receiver, liquidator, regulator). (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Under AASB 10, which of the following factors could indicate that an investor with less than 50% of the voting rights has power over an investee?

<p>The remaining shareholders are widely dispersed and rarely attend shareholder meetings. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to AASB 10, what constitutes 'exposure, or rights, to variable returns' from involvement with an investee?

<p>The investor's returns have the potential to vary as a result of the investee's performance. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to AASB 10, what is the key distinction between a 'principal' and an 'agent' in the context of determining control?

<p>A principal has the ability to use their power to affect their own returns, while an agent acts on behalf of a principal. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Under AASB 10, which of the following factors is LEAST relevant when determining whether a fund manager is acting as a principal or an agent?

<p>The number of employees working for the fund manager. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to AASB 10, what are the three essential components that must be assessed to determine if control exists?

<p>Power, variable returns, and the ability to use power to affect returns. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to AASB 10, what are the key requirements for an entity to qualify as an investment entity?

<p>The entity's main purpose is to invest funds solely for returns from capital appreciation, investment income or both and measures performance on a fair value basis. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to AASB 10, is an investment entity permitted to consolidate a subsidiary?

<p>Only if the parent investment entity is itself a subsidiary to a non-investment entity. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to AASB 10, which of the following scenarios would require an investment entity (IE) parent to consolidate its subsidiary?

<p>Only provides support activities to the parent IE (and is not itself an IE). (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to AASB 10, what are some of the unique challenges in applying the concept of 'control' in public sector consolidations?

<p>Control may be exercised through legislation rather than ownership. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to AASB 10 Appendix E, what is the typical source of power for not-for-profit entities?

<p>Administrative arrangements or statutory provisions. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Under AASB 10 Appendix E, which of the following is the correct interpretation of variable returns in the context of not-for-profit entities?

<p>Achievement or furtherance of the investor's objectives. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Under AASB 10 Appendix E, a not-for-profit investor and investee may have the same congruent objectives. Is this alone enough for the investor to determine control?

<p>No, the investor still needs to tell the investee what to do to improve the congruent objectives. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Under AASB 10, Investor A has a 48% equity investment in Investee B. The other 52% is held by dispersed investors with each holding less than 2%. Investor A has been trying to push through resolutions at the last few AGMs, but has been unsuccessful due to the other shareholders voting against them. Investor A has a call option to acquire 3% of shares in Investee B from another investor. At the time the call option was entered into, the strike price was 'in the money' but now is significantly 'out of the money'. Consider only these facts. Who controls Investee B?

<p>Neither investor A nor the other dispersed group of investors. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to AASB 10, Investor Z owns 49% of Investee Y. They are in the same industry, and the strategic direction of Investee Y is heavily influenced by Investor Z, because Investor Z has provided specialised and difficult to source IP to Investee Y. Investee Y has 5 other major shareholders, and each of them owns 10-11% of the company. At the AGMs, 3 of the 5 other major shareholders consistently vote alongside Investor Z and support all resolutions. Can the demonstrated support of 3 other major shareholders be considered a legally binding agreement between these 4 investors?

<p>No, because the support of the 3 other major shareholders is not a <em>legally</em> binding agreement. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The local council provides 95% of the funding to an aged care NFP, with the remaining 5% coming from philanthropic donations. The local council places several members onto the NFP's board, who are charged with ensuring the NFP provides the aged care services aligned with the local council's public health plan. The local council also imposes stringent capital expenditure requirements on the NFP, and all expenditure over $10,000 must be approved. The NFP management is unhappy with the council's directions, as they would like to expand the aged care services outside of alignment with the local council's public health plan due to unmet demands in the market. Does the local council control the NFP aged care provider?

<p>Yes, the local council has power over the NFP because the council's board members can direct the strategic direction of the NFP entity. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Parent (Investor)

An entity that controls one or more entities.

Subsidiary (Investee)

An entity that is controlled by another entity.

Group

A parent and its subsidiaries presented as a single economic entity.

Consolidated Financial Statements

Financial statements presenting a parent and its subsidiaries' assets, liabilities, equity, income, expenses, and cash flows as those of a single economic entity.

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Control (AASB 10)

An investor controls an investee when the investor has exposure or rights to variable returns from its involvement with the investee and has the ability to affect those returns through its power over the investee.

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Elements of Control

The investor must have power over the investee, exposure or rights to variable returns, and the ability to use its power to affect those returns.

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Power over Investee

Existing rights that give the investor the current ability to direct the relevant activities.

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50% Presumption of Power

Holding more than 50% of the voting rights.

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Existing Rights Examples

Voting rights from shares, rights to appoint/remove key management, potential voting rights.

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Call Option

The right to purchase additional shares at a pre-specified price.

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Potential Voting Rights

Options, convertible notes—must be substantive.

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Substantive Rights

Holder must have the practical ability to exercise the rights.

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Factors for Substantive Rights

Financial penalties/incentives, mechanisms enabling collective exercise, and benefit from exercising.

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Protective Rights

Designed to protect the interest of the holder without giving it power over the entity.

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Examples of Protective Rights

Relate to fundamental changes to the activities or apply in exceptional circumstances.

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Relevant Activities

The activities of the investee that significantly affect the investee’s returns.

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Examples of Relevant Activities

Selling/purchasing goods, managing financial assets, determining funding structure, appointing key management.

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Variable Returns

The investor's returns have the potential to vary as a result of the investee’s performance.

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Examples of Returns

Dividends, increase in investment value, 'synergy'.

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Ability to Affect Returns

The parent must have the ability to increase its benefits and limit its losses from the subsidiary’s activities.

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Agents (No Control)

Trustees, fund managers.

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Investment Entity

Provides professional investment management services, invests funds solely for returns, and measures performance on a fair value basis.

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Exemption for Investment Entities

AASB 10 allows investment entities that are parent entities to be exempted from the consolidation requirements.

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Source of Power (Not-for-Profit)

Administrative arrangements or statutory provisions.

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Variable Returns (Not-for-Profit)

Achievement or furtherance of the investor’s objectives.

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Ability to Use Power (Not-for-Profit)

When investor can direct the investee to work with the investor to further the investor’s objectives.

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Study Notes

Terminology

  • Parent (investor) controls one or more entities
  • Subsidiary (investee) is controlled by another entity
  • Group is a parent and its subsidiaries
  • Consolidated Financial Statements present the parent and its subsidiaries as a single economic entity

'Control', 'Parent', and Consolidation

  • An entity that is a parent must present consolidated financial statements, with exceptions
  • An investor determines if it is a parent by assessing whether it controls the investee

Control: AASB 10

  • Qualitative definition without a bright-line rule like >50% shareholding
  • An investor controls an investee when exposed to variable returns from involvement and can affect those returns through power over the investee
  • Consider all facts and circumstances

Definition of Control

  • Investor must have power over the investee
  • Investor must have exposure, or rights, to variable returns from involvement with investee
  • Investor must have the ability to use power to affect returns
  • All three elements must be present for control to exist

Power over the Investee

  • Power over the investee is defined as existing rights that give the investor the current ability to direct the relevant activities
  • There is a presumption of power if an investor holds more than 50% of the voting rights

Definition of Existing Rights

  • Voting rights from shares are an example of existing rights
  • Other examples include potential voting rights, rights to appoint or remove key management, and rights to direct or veto transactions
  • Most rights arise from legal contracts but could include legislation, regulations, or other sources

Potential Voting Rights

  • Consider potential voting rights from options only if the rights are substantive
  • The holder must have the practical ability to exercise the rights for them to be substantive

Substantive Rights

  • Factors to consider include barriers preventing the holder from exercising rights like financial penalties/incentives or the exercise/conversion price
  • Also consider if there is a mechanism enabling multiple parties to exercise the rights collectively, and whether the party would benefit from exercising the rights

Protective Rights

  • Protective rights are designed to protect the interest of the holder without giving it power over the entity
  • Protective rights relate to fundamental changes to the activities or apply in exceptional circumstances
  • Examples include a lender restricting a borrower from certain activities, or the rights of a lender to seize assets in the event of default
  • If rights are merely protective, there is no power

Control Element 1: Power

  • Power is defined as existing rights, which must be substantive and not merely protective, granting the current ability to direct relevant activities

Current Ability

  • The ability to direct is required, rather than actually directing
  • The ability to direct must be current
  • The ability might or might not be currently exercised

Relevant Activities

  • Relevant Activities are the activities of the investee that significantly affect the investee’s returns
  • Examples include selling and purchasing goods and services and determining funding structure

Power: Relevant Activities

  • Assess which investor can direct the activities that most significantly affect returns
  • This assessment should be reconsidered over time
  • Which activities are most significant can change over time - control can shift from one entity to another

Majority Voting Rights: ASIC’s Concerns

  • ASIC has expressed concerns where an entity holds more than a 50% interest in another entity but does not consolidate the investee

Power: Power without Majority

  • Voting rights of less than 50% can result in an investor having power over an investee
  • Factors to consider include the size and dispersion of other shareholding, attendance at AGMs, voting patterns, and the existence of contracts
  • A contractual arrangement between an investor and other vote holders can give the investor the right to exercise voting rights, hence power

Exposure or Rights to Variable Returns

  • The investor's returns have the potential to vary as a result of the investee's performance
  • Examples of returns include dividends, increase in investment value, and synergy

Ability to use Power to Affect Returns

  • The parent must have the ability to increase its benefits and limit its losses from the subsidiary’s activities
  • Determine if the investor/decision-maker is a principal or agent
  • If the Investor is a principal they have control
  • If the Investor is an agent they do not have control

Ability: Principal vs. Agent

  • Factors to consider include the scope of the decision-making authority, rights held by other parties, remuneration, and exposure to variability of returns from other interests
  • Agents do not control the investee and so do not consolidate the investee

Determining Control: A Practical Guide (EY)

  • To determine which party has power, consider rights like voting rights, rights to appoint and remove key management, contractual rights, and rights to give policy directions
  • To assess whether the investor is exposed, or has rights, to variable returns; returns can be financial, non-financial, direct or indirect benefits
  • Identifies the activities of the investee that affect the investor’s returns, such as establishing operating, capital and financing policies

Definition of Control - Summary

  • Control is defined as power over the investee, rights/exposure to variable returns, and the ability to use power to affect returns
  • There are two exceptional situations; Investment entities are exempted from consolidation, and Implementation guidance for not-for-profit entities

Exemption for Investment Entities

  • AASB 10 allows investment entities to be exempted from the consolidation requirements
  • Investment entities provide professional investment management services
  • Investment entities invest funds solely for returns from capital appreciation, investment income or both
  • Investment entities measure and evaluate the performance of substantially all investments on a fair value basis
  • If an investment entity is the subsidiary of a parent that is not an investment entity, then consolidated financial statements will be required

Additional Application Guidance on ‘Investment Entities’ Exception

  • If the investment entity’s subsidiary provides investment services to the parent IE but is also itself an IE, then the parent IE does not consolidate the subsidiary IE
  • If the subsidiary only provides support activities to the parent IE and is not itself an IE, then it must be consolidated

Control in the Public Sector

  • Public sector consolidations can be challenging, as there are often no ownership interests
  • Control may be exercised by legislation
  • Some powers are protective
  • Some entities are financially dependent on the government
  • The benefits are non-financial

Control in the Not-for-Profit Private Sector

  • This includes faith-based organizations, charities, clubs, and associations
  • Issues might include a lack of legal identity, a lack of clarity over who has ownership rights to assets, mixed sources of power, and protective vs substantive rights

Control in the Public and Private Not-for-Profit Sectors

  • AASB 10, Appendix E provides Implementation Guidance for Not-For-Profit Entities
  • This applies to the public and private not-for-profit sectors
  • Special guidance is needed due to misunderstandings in practice, such as the belief that control has to be exercised by the investor on a day-to-day basis

AASB 10 Appendix E: IG for NFP

  • The need to determine control applies as per para. 5, including power over the investee, rights/exposure to variable returns, and the ability to affect returns through power
  • For not-for-profit entities, the source of power often includes administrative arrangements/statutory provisions

Implementation Guidance for Not-For-Profit Entities

  • Para IG4 states that the need to determine control includes power of investee, rights/exposure to variable returns, and the ability to affect returns through power
  • Para IG6 states that the source of power arises from administrative arrangements or statutory provisions
  • Para IG13 states that the rights must be substantive

Power Over the Investee

  • IG11 states to look at factors in B19, such as if the investee’s key management personnel are current/previous employees of the investor, investee depends on investor to provide funding, and investor provides critical services, technology, supplies, etc
  • IG12 states that funding does not equal power if discretion exists in accepting funding
  • IG15 states protective rights protect the government, beneficiaries of the entity, or public at large
  • IG17 gives examples of protective rights, such as stopping non-compliance with regulations

AASB 10 Appendix E: Returns & Ability

  • IG18 broadens the scope of variable returns to include the achievement or furtherance of the investor’s objectives
  • IG20 states that when the investor can direct the investee to work with the investor to further the investor’s objectives
  • However, congruent objectives alone are insufficient for a not-for-profit investor to conclude that it controls an investee

Rights / Exposure to Variable Returns

  • Para IG18 explains that Variable returns can be interpreted in a broad way to include achievement and furtherance of the investors objective

Ability to use Power to affect Returns

  • Para IG20 says to tell the investee what to do, to improve the objectives. It does not mean one controls the other when two parties have the same objectives

Do All Parents Consolidate?

  • AASB 10 (para. 4) states that all entities which are parent entities must prepare consolidated financial statements unless it is a subsidiary of another entity
  • Although it is a parent entity, B Ltd is unlikely to prepare its own consolidated financial statements, but this would depend on whether there were dependent users (SAC 1) for B Ltd

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