Podcast
Questions and Answers
According to AASB 10, which of the following best describes a 'Parent'?
According to AASB 10, which of the following best describes a 'Parent'?
- A parent and its subsidiaries.
- An entity that controls one or more entities. (correct)
- The financial statements of a group in which the assets, liabilities, equity, income, expenses and cash flows of the parent and its subsidiaries are presented as those of a single economic entity.
- An entity that is controlled by another entity.
Under AASB 10, which factor determines whether an entity should prepare consolidated financial statements?
Under AASB 10, which factor determines whether an entity should prepare consolidated financial statements?
- Whether the entity is listed on a stock exchange.
- Whether the entity has subsidiaries, regardless of control.
- Whether the entity is a parent, subject to certain exceptions. (correct)
- Whether the entity's assets exceed a certain threshold.
Which of the following is the most accurate qualitative definition of 'control' under AASB 10?
Which of the following is the most accurate qualitative definition of 'control' under AASB 10?
- Having a contractual agreement that stipulates control.
- Having the ability to appoint the majority of the investee's key management personnel.
- Being exposed or having rights to variable returns from involvement with the investee and having the ability to affect those returns through power over the investee. (correct)
- Holding more than 50% of the investee's shareholding.
According to AASB 10, what three elements must be present for an investor to have control over an investee?
According to AASB 10, what three elements must be present for an investor to have control over an investee?
Under AASB 10, 'power' over an investee is defined as:
Under AASB 10, 'power' over an investee is defined as:
According to AASB 10, what is the general presumption regarding power when an investor holds more than 50% of the voting rights in an investee?
According to AASB 10, what is the general presumption regarding power when an investor holds more than 50% of the voting rights in an investee?
Which of the following is an example of an 'existing right' that could give an investor power over an investee, according to AASB 10?
Which of the following is an example of an 'existing right' that could give an investor power over an investee, according to AASB 10?
According to AASB 10, what are 'potential voting rights,' and under what condition should they be considered when assessing control?
According to AASB 10, what are 'potential voting rights,' and under what condition should they be considered when assessing control?
According to AASB 10, what is meant by 'substantive rights' in the context of potential voting rights?
According to AASB 10, what is meant by 'substantive rights' in the context of potential voting rights?
Under AASB 10, which of the following factors should be considered when determining whether potential voting rights are 'substantive'?
Under AASB 10, which of the following factors should be considered when determining whether potential voting rights are 'substantive'?
What is the definition of 'protective rights' under AASB 10, and how do they affect the assessment of control?
What is the definition of 'protective rights' under AASB 10, and how do they affect the assessment of control?
Which of the following scenarios describes a situation where rights would likely be considered 'protective,' according to AASB 10?
Which of the following scenarios describes a situation where rights would likely be considered 'protective,' according to AASB 10?
According to AASB 10, what does 'current ability to direct' refer to in the context of assessing power?
According to AASB 10, what does 'current ability to direct' refer to in the context of assessing power?
According to AASB 10, 'relevant activities' are defined as:
According to AASB 10, 'relevant activities' are defined as:
An entity is established by Entity A and Entity B to research, develop, and manufacture a new drug. If Entity A is primarily responsible for the research and development phase, and Entity B will take over after regulatory approval for manufacturing and distribution, which entity likely controls Entity C before regulatory approval, assuming all other control criteria are satisfied?
An entity is established by Entity A and Entity B to research, develop, and manufacture a new drug. If Entity A is primarily responsible for the research and development phase, and Entity B will take over after regulatory approval for manufacturing and distribution, which entity likely controls Entity C before regulatory approval, assuming all other control criteria are satisfied?
According to AASB 10, is it possible for an investor with majority voting rights (greater than 50%) to lack control over an investee? If so, under what circumstances?
According to AASB 10, is it possible for an investor with majority voting rights (greater than 50%) to lack control over an investee? If so, under what circumstances?
Under AASB 10, how is 'exposure, or rights, to variable returns' defined in the context of assessing control over an investee?
Under AASB 10, how is 'exposure, or rights, to variable returns' defined in the context of assessing control over an investee?
According to AASB 10, what does the 'ability to use power to affect returns' refer to in the context of determining control?
According to AASB 10, what does the 'ability to use power to affect returns' refer to in the context of determining control?
In the context of AASB 10, what is the key difference between a 'principal' and an 'agent' in terms of control assessment?
In the context of AASB 10, what is the key difference between a 'principal' and an 'agent' in terms of control assessment?
Fund Manager X sets up and markets a fund to a broad range of investors. X receives market-based remuneration, including a performance element, holds a small (< 5%) direct interest, and is required to operate the fund within a defined investment strategy and subject to relevant laws. There are no ‘kick-out’ rights. According to AASB 10, is X the principal of the fund?
Fund Manager X sets up and markets a fund to a broad range of investors. X receives market-based remuneration, including a performance element, holds a small (< 5%) direct interest, and is required to operate the fund within a defined investment strategy and subject to relevant laws. There are no ‘kick-out’ rights. According to AASB 10, is X the principal of the fund?
Under AASB 10, what are the three main factors that should be assessed to determine if ‘Control’ exists?
Under AASB 10, what are the three main factors that should be assessed to determine if ‘Control’ exists?
AASB 10 provides an exception to consolidation requirements for certain 'investment entities.' Which of the following is a key criterion for an entity to qualify as an investment entity?
AASB 10 provides an exception to consolidation requirements for certain 'investment entities.' Which of the following is a key criterion for an entity to qualify as an investment entity?
Under AASB 10, if an investment entity is the subsidiary of a parent that is not an investment entity, is consolidation required?
Under AASB 10, if an investment entity is the subsidiary of a parent that is not an investment entity, is consolidation required?
According to AASB 10, in which of the following scenarios would an investment entity (IE) parent not consolidate its subsidiary?
According to AASB 10, in which of the following scenarios would an investment entity (IE) parent not consolidate its subsidiary?
What are some of the challenges in applying the concept of 'control' in public sector consolidations?
What are some of the challenges in applying the concept of 'control' in public sector consolidations?
What are some of the common issues that arise when determining control in the not-for-profit private sector (e.g., charities, clubs)?
What are some of the common issues that arise when determining control in the not-for-profit private sector (e.g., charities, clubs)?
AASB 10 Appendix E provides implementation guidance for not-for-profit entities. What is the scope of this guidance?
AASB 10 Appendix E provides implementation guidance for not-for-profit entities. What is the scope of this guidance?
According to AASB 10 Appendix E, what are some common sources of power for not-for-profit entities?
According to AASB 10 Appendix E, what are some common sources of power for not-for-profit entities?
According to AASB 10 Appendix E, what factors should be considered when assessing the power of an investor over a not-for-profit investee?
According to AASB 10 Appendix E, what factors should be considered when assessing the power of an investor over a not-for-profit investee?
Under AASB 10 Appendix E, does providing funding to a not-for-profit entity automatically grant the investor control?
Under AASB 10 Appendix E, does providing funding to a not-for-profit entity automatically grant the investor control?
According to AASB 10 Appendix E, how can 'variable returns' be interpreted in the context of not-for-profit entities?
According to AASB 10 Appendix E, how can 'variable returns' be interpreted in the context of not-for-profit entities?
According to AASB 10 Appendix E, is the existence of congruent objectives alone sufficient for a not-for-profit investor to conclude that it controls an investee?
According to AASB 10 Appendix E, is the existence of congruent objectives alone sufficient for a not-for-profit investor to conclude that it controls an investee?
According to AASB 10, who is likely to prepare consolidated financial statements in the following scenario: A Ltd owns 100% of B Ltd, and B Ltd owns 100% of C Ltd?
According to AASB 10, who is likely to prepare consolidated financial statements in the following scenario: A Ltd owns 100% of B Ltd, and B Ltd owns 100% of C Ltd?
Under AASB 10, what is the general relationship between the acquirer in a business combination and the parent entity for consolidation purposes?
Under AASB 10, what is the general relationship between the acquirer in a business combination and the parent entity for consolidation purposes?
Which of the following is NOT a factor to consider when an investor holds less than 50% of the voting rights but may still have power over an investee, according to AASB 10?
Which of the following is NOT a factor to consider when an investor holds less than 50% of the voting rights but may still have power over an investee, according to AASB 10?
Determine if D Ltd controls E Ltd: D Ltd → E Ltd (45%) Over 20 other shareholders each holding < 2% of the voting power. These shareholders rarely attend meetings and vote. Does D Ltd control E Ltd?
Determine if D Ltd controls E Ltd: D Ltd → E Ltd (45%) Over 20 other shareholders each holding < 2% of the voting power. These shareholders rarely attend meetings and vote. Does D Ltd control E Ltd?
Determine if F Ltd controls G Ltd: F Ltd → G Ltd (35%) 3 other shareholders each holding 5% of votes. The remaining 50% of voting rights held by numerous small investors. 75% of the vote holders have been attending recent AGMs (including F)Does F Ltd control G Ltd?
Determine if F Ltd controls G Ltd: F Ltd → G Ltd (35%) 3 other shareholders each holding 5% of votes. The remaining 50% of voting rights held by numerous small investors. 75% of the vote holders have been attending recent AGMs (including F)Does F Ltd control G Ltd?
HRI is a charity that provides housing for destitute persons. 75% of its funding comes from State government grants with the remainder being sourced from private donations. The government grants contain a number of specific restrictions on how funds can be used, regular reporting and audit requirements, minimum service standards, etc. Does the government control HRI?
HRI is a charity that provides housing for destitute persons. 75% of its funding comes from State government grants with the remainder being sourced from private donations. The government grants contain a number of specific restrictions on how funds can be used, regular reporting and audit requirements, minimum service standards, etc. Does the government control HRI?
Entity A holds 40% of the voting shares in Entity B. The remaining 60% is held by a highly dispersed group of small investors who historically do not attend shareholder meetings. Entity A has also demonstrated the ability to consistently appoint the majority of Entity B's board of directors. Consider only these facts. Does Entity A control Entity B?
Entity A holds 40% of the voting shares in Entity B. The remaining 60% is held by a highly dispersed group of small investors who historically do not attend shareholder meetings. Entity A has also demonstrated the ability to consistently appoint the majority of Entity B's board of directors. Consider only these facts. Does Entity A control Entity B?
According to AASB 10, what is the primary determinant of whether an entity must present consolidated financial statements?
According to AASB 10, what is the primary determinant of whether an entity must present consolidated financial statements?
Under AASB 10, which of the following elements is NOT required for an investor to have control over an investee?
Under AASB 10, which of the following elements is NOT required for an investor to have control over an investee?
According to AASB 10, which of the following best describes 'relevant activities'?
According to AASB 10, which of the following best describes 'relevant activities'?
According to AASB 10, what is the significance of 'substantive rights' in the context of potential voting rights?
According to AASB 10, what is the significance of 'substantive rights' in the context of potential voting rights?
Under AASB 10, which of the following is the most critical factor in determining whether an investor's potential voting rights are substantive?
Under AASB 10, which of the following is the most critical factor in determining whether an investor's potential voting rights are substantive?
According to AASB 10, which of the following is an example of a factor that might prevent potential voting rights from being considered substantive?
According to AASB 10, which of the following is an example of a factor that might prevent potential voting rights from being considered substantive?
Under AASB 10, how are 'protective rights' best characterized?
Under AASB 10, how are 'protective rights' best characterized?
According to AASB 10, if rights are deemed to be merely 'protective,' what is the implication for the assessment of control?
According to AASB 10, if rights are deemed to be merely 'protective,' what is the implication for the assessment of control?
Under AASB 10, what does 'current ability to direct' primarily emphasize in the context of assessing power?
Under AASB 10, what does 'current ability to direct' primarily emphasize in the context of assessing power?
According to AASB 10, which of the following actions would most likely be considered a 'relevant activity'?
According to AASB 10, which of the following actions would most likely be considered a 'relevant activity'?
Entity A owns 48% of Entity C and formulates the day-to-day activities. Entity B owns 52% but plays no part. If Entity B disagrees with the management policies of A, they can take control by virtue of its majority voting interests. According to AASB 10, who controls Entity C?
Entity A owns 48% of Entity C and formulates the day-to-day activities. Entity B owns 52% but plays no part. If Entity B disagrees with the management policies of A, they can take control by virtue of its majority voting interests. According to AASB 10, who controls Entity C?
Entity C is established by Entities A and B to research, develop, and manufacture a new drug. Entity A is primarily responsible for research and development phase, and Entity B will take over after regulatory approval for manufacturing and distribution. Assuming all other control criteria are satisfied, according to AASB 10, which entity may control Entity C?
Entity C is established by Entities A and B to research, develop, and manufacture a new drug. Entity A is primarily responsible for research and development phase, and Entity B will take over after regulatory approval for manufacturing and distribution. Assuming all other control criteria are satisfied, according to AASB 10, which entity may control Entity C?
According to AASB 10, is it possible for an investor with majority voting rights (greater than 50%) to lack control over an investee?
According to AASB 10, is it possible for an investor with majority voting rights (greater than 50%) to lack control over an investee?
Under AASB 10, which of the following factors could indicate that an investor with less than 50% of the voting rights has power over an investee?
Under AASB 10, which of the following factors could indicate that an investor with less than 50% of the voting rights has power over an investee?
According to AASB 10, what constitutes 'exposure, or rights, to variable returns' from involvement with an investee?
According to AASB 10, what constitutes 'exposure, or rights, to variable returns' from involvement with an investee?
According to AASB 10, what is the key distinction between a 'principal' and an 'agent' in the context of determining control?
According to AASB 10, what is the key distinction between a 'principal' and an 'agent' in the context of determining control?
Under AASB 10, which of the following factors is LEAST relevant when determining whether a fund manager is acting as a principal or an agent?
Under AASB 10, which of the following factors is LEAST relevant when determining whether a fund manager is acting as a principal or an agent?
According to AASB 10, what are the three essential components that must be assessed to determine if control exists?
According to AASB 10, what are the three essential components that must be assessed to determine if control exists?
According to AASB 10, what are the key requirements for an entity to qualify as an investment entity?
According to AASB 10, what are the key requirements for an entity to qualify as an investment entity?
According to AASB 10, is an investment entity permitted to consolidate a subsidiary?
According to AASB 10, is an investment entity permitted to consolidate a subsidiary?
According to AASB 10, which of the following scenarios would require an investment entity (IE) parent to consolidate its subsidiary?
According to AASB 10, which of the following scenarios would require an investment entity (IE) parent to consolidate its subsidiary?
According to AASB 10, what are some of the unique challenges in applying the concept of 'control' in public sector consolidations?
According to AASB 10, what are some of the unique challenges in applying the concept of 'control' in public sector consolidations?
According to AASB 10 Appendix E, what is the typical source of power for not-for-profit entities?
According to AASB 10 Appendix E, what is the typical source of power for not-for-profit entities?
Under AASB 10 Appendix E, which of the following is the correct interpretation of variable returns in the context of not-for-profit entities?
Under AASB 10 Appendix E, which of the following is the correct interpretation of variable returns in the context of not-for-profit entities?
Under AASB 10 Appendix E, a not-for-profit investor and investee may have the same congruent objectives. Is this alone enough for the investor to determine control?
Under AASB 10 Appendix E, a not-for-profit investor and investee may have the same congruent objectives. Is this alone enough for the investor to determine control?
Under AASB 10, Investor A has a 48% equity investment in Investee B. The other 52% is held by dispersed investors with each holding less than 2%. Investor A has been trying to push through resolutions at the last few AGMs, but has been unsuccessful due to the other shareholders voting against them. Investor A has a call option to acquire 3% of shares in Investee B from another investor. At the time the call option was entered into, the strike price was 'in the money' but now is significantly 'out of the money'. Consider only these facts. Who controls Investee B?
Under AASB 10, Investor A has a 48% equity investment in Investee B. The other 52% is held by dispersed investors with each holding less than 2%. Investor A has been trying to push through resolutions at the last few AGMs, but has been unsuccessful due to the other shareholders voting against them. Investor A has a call option to acquire 3% of shares in Investee B from another investor. At the time the call option was entered into, the strike price was 'in the money' but now is significantly 'out of the money'. Consider only these facts. Who controls Investee B?
According to AASB 10, Investor Z owns 49% of Investee Y. They are in the same industry, and the strategic direction of Investee Y is heavily influenced by Investor Z, because Investor Z has provided specialised and difficult to source IP to Investee Y. Investee Y has 5 other major shareholders, and each of them owns 10-11% of the company. At the AGMs, 3 of the 5 other major shareholders consistently vote alongside Investor Z and support all resolutions. Can the demonstrated support of 3 other major shareholders be considered a legally binding agreement between these 4 investors?
According to AASB 10, Investor Z owns 49% of Investee Y. They are in the same industry, and the strategic direction of Investee Y is heavily influenced by Investor Z, because Investor Z has provided specialised and difficult to source IP to Investee Y. Investee Y has 5 other major shareholders, and each of them owns 10-11% of the company. At the AGMs, 3 of the 5 other major shareholders consistently vote alongside Investor Z and support all resolutions. Can the demonstrated support of 3 other major shareholders be considered a legally binding agreement between these 4 investors?
The local council provides 95% of the funding to an aged care NFP, with the remaining 5% coming from philanthropic donations. The local council places several members onto the NFP's board, who are charged with ensuring the NFP provides the aged care services aligned with the local council's public health plan. The local council also imposes stringent capital expenditure requirements on the NFP, and all expenditure over $10,000 must be approved. The NFP management is unhappy with the council's directions, as they would like to expand the aged care services outside of alignment with the local council's public health plan due to unmet demands in the market. Does the local council control the NFP aged care provider?
The local council provides 95% of the funding to an aged care NFP, with the remaining 5% coming from philanthropic donations. The local council places several members onto the NFP's board, who are charged with ensuring the NFP provides the aged care services aligned with the local council's public health plan. The local council also imposes stringent capital expenditure requirements on the NFP, and all expenditure over $10,000 must be approved. The NFP management is unhappy with the council's directions, as they would like to expand the aged care services outside of alignment with the local council's public health plan due to unmet demands in the market. Does the local council control the NFP aged care provider?
Flashcards
Parent (Investor)
Parent (Investor)
An entity that controls one or more entities.
Subsidiary (Investee)
Subsidiary (Investee)
An entity that is controlled by another entity.
Group
Group
A parent and its subsidiaries presented as a single economic entity.
Consolidated Financial Statements
Consolidated Financial Statements
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Control (AASB 10)
Control (AASB 10)
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Elements of Control
Elements of Control
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Power over Investee
Power over Investee
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50% Presumption of Power
50% Presumption of Power
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Existing Rights Examples
Existing Rights Examples
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Call Option
Call Option
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Potential Voting Rights
Potential Voting Rights
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Substantive Rights
Substantive Rights
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Factors for Substantive Rights
Factors for Substantive Rights
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Protective Rights
Protective Rights
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Examples of Protective Rights
Examples of Protective Rights
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Relevant Activities
Relevant Activities
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Examples of Relevant Activities
Examples of Relevant Activities
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Variable Returns
Variable Returns
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Examples of Returns
Examples of Returns
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Ability to Affect Returns
Ability to Affect Returns
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Agents (No Control)
Agents (No Control)
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Investment Entity
Investment Entity
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Exemption for Investment Entities
Exemption for Investment Entities
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Source of Power (Not-for-Profit)
Source of Power (Not-for-Profit)
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Variable Returns (Not-for-Profit)
Variable Returns (Not-for-Profit)
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Ability to Use Power (Not-for-Profit)
Ability to Use Power (Not-for-Profit)
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Study Notes
Terminology
- Parent (investor) controls one or more entities
- Subsidiary (investee) is controlled by another entity
- Group is a parent and its subsidiaries
- Consolidated Financial Statements present the parent and its subsidiaries as a single economic entity
'Control', 'Parent', and Consolidation
- An entity that is a parent must present consolidated financial statements, with exceptions
- An investor determines if it is a parent by assessing whether it controls the investee
Control: AASB 10
- Qualitative definition without a bright-line rule like >50% shareholding
- An investor controls an investee when exposed to variable returns from involvement and can affect those returns through power over the investee
- Consider all facts and circumstances
Definition of Control
- Investor must have power over the investee
- Investor must have exposure, or rights, to variable returns from involvement with investee
- Investor must have the ability to use power to affect returns
- All three elements must be present for control to exist
Power over the Investee
- Power over the investee is defined as existing rights that give the investor the current ability to direct the relevant activities
- There is a presumption of power if an investor holds more than 50% of the voting rights
Definition of Existing Rights
- Voting rights from shares are an example of existing rights
- Other examples include potential voting rights, rights to appoint or remove key management, and rights to direct or veto transactions
- Most rights arise from legal contracts but could include legislation, regulations, or other sources
Potential Voting Rights
- Consider potential voting rights from options only if the rights are substantive
- The holder must have the practical ability to exercise the rights for them to be substantive
Substantive Rights
- Factors to consider include barriers preventing the holder from exercising rights like financial penalties/incentives or the exercise/conversion price
- Also consider if there is a mechanism enabling multiple parties to exercise the rights collectively, and whether the party would benefit from exercising the rights
Protective Rights
- Protective rights are designed to protect the interest of the holder without giving it power over the entity
- Protective rights relate to fundamental changes to the activities or apply in exceptional circumstances
- Examples include a lender restricting a borrower from certain activities, or the rights of a lender to seize assets in the event of default
- If rights are merely protective, there is no power
Control Element 1: Power
- Power is defined as existing rights, which must be substantive and not merely protective, granting the current ability to direct relevant activities
Current Ability
- The ability to direct is required, rather than actually directing
- The ability to direct must be current
- The ability might or might not be currently exercised
Relevant Activities
- Relevant Activities are the activities of the investee that significantly affect the investee’s returns
- Examples include selling and purchasing goods and services and determining funding structure
Power: Relevant Activities
- Assess which investor can direct the activities that most significantly affect returns
- This assessment should be reconsidered over time
- Which activities are most significant can change over time - control can shift from one entity to another
Majority Voting Rights: ASIC’s Concerns
- ASIC has expressed concerns where an entity holds more than a 50% interest in another entity but does not consolidate the investee
Power: Power without Majority
- Voting rights of less than 50% can result in an investor having power over an investee
- Factors to consider include the size and dispersion of other shareholding, attendance at AGMs, voting patterns, and the existence of contracts
- A contractual arrangement between an investor and other vote holders can give the investor the right to exercise voting rights, hence power
Exposure or Rights to Variable Returns
- The investor's returns have the potential to vary as a result of the investee's performance
- Examples of returns include dividends, increase in investment value, and synergy
Ability to use Power to Affect Returns
- The parent must have the ability to increase its benefits and limit its losses from the subsidiary’s activities
- Determine if the investor/decision-maker is a principal or agent
- If the Investor is a principal they have control
- If the Investor is an agent they do not have control
Ability: Principal vs. Agent
- Factors to consider include the scope of the decision-making authority, rights held by other parties, remuneration, and exposure to variability of returns from other interests
- Agents do not control the investee and so do not consolidate the investee
Determining Control: A Practical Guide (EY)
- To determine which party has power, consider rights like voting rights, rights to appoint and remove key management, contractual rights, and rights to give policy directions
- To assess whether the investor is exposed, or has rights, to variable returns; returns can be financial, non-financial, direct or indirect benefits
- Identifies the activities of the investee that affect the investor’s returns, such as establishing operating, capital and financing policies
Definition of Control - Summary
- Control is defined as power over the investee, rights/exposure to variable returns, and the ability to use power to affect returns
- There are two exceptional situations; Investment entities are exempted from consolidation, and Implementation guidance for not-for-profit entities
Exemption for Investment Entities
- AASB 10 allows investment entities to be exempted from the consolidation requirements
- Investment entities provide professional investment management services
- Investment entities invest funds solely for returns from capital appreciation, investment income or both
- Investment entities measure and evaluate the performance of substantially all investments on a fair value basis
- If an investment entity is the subsidiary of a parent that is not an investment entity, then consolidated financial statements will be required
Additional Application Guidance on ‘Investment Entities’ Exception
- If the investment entity’s subsidiary provides investment services to the parent IE but is also itself an IE, then the parent IE does not consolidate the subsidiary IE
- If the subsidiary only provides support activities to the parent IE and is not itself an IE, then it must be consolidated
Control in the Public Sector
- Public sector consolidations can be challenging, as there are often no ownership interests
- Control may be exercised by legislation
- Some powers are protective
- Some entities are financially dependent on the government
- The benefits are non-financial
Control in the Not-for-Profit Private Sector
- This includes faith-based organizations, charities, clubs, and associations
- Issues might include a lack of legal identity, a lack of clarity over who has ownership rights to assets, mixed sources of power, and protective vs substantive rights
Control in the Public and Private Not-for-Profit Sectors
- AASB 10, Appendix E provides Implementation Guidance for Not-For-Profit Entities
- This applies to the public and private not-for-profit sectors
- Special guidance is needed due to misunderstandings in practice, such as the belief that control has to be exercised by the investor on a day-to-day basis
AASB 10 Appendix E: IG for NFP
- The need to determine control applies as per para. 5, including power over the investee, rights/exposure to variable returns, and the ability to affect returns through power
- For not-for-profit entities, the source of power often includes administrative arrangements/statutory provisions
Implementation Guidance for Not-For-Profit Entities
- Para IG4 states that the need to determine control includes power of investee, rights/exposure to variable returns, and the ability to affect returns through power
- Para IG6 states that the source of power arises from administrative arrangements or statutory provisions
- Para IG13 states that the rights must be substantive
Power Over the Investee
- IG11 states to look at factors in B19, such as if the investee’s key management personnel are current/previous employees of the investor, investee depends on investor to provide funding, and investor provides critical services, technology, supplies, etc
- IG12 states that funding does not equal power if discretion exists in accepting funding
- IG15 states protective rights protect the government, beneficiaries of the entity, or public at large
- IG17 gives examples of protective rights, such as stopping non-compliance with regulations
AASB 10 Appendix E: Returns & Ability
- IG18 broadens the scope of variable returns to include the achievement or furtherance of the investor’s objectives
- IG20 states that when the investor can direct the investee to work with the investor to further the investor’s objectives
- However, congruent objectives alone are insufficient for a not-for-profit investor to conclude that it controls an investee
Rights / Exposure to Variable Returns
- Para IG18 explains that Variable returns can be interpreted in a broad way to include achievement and furtherance of the investors objective
Ability to use Power to affect Returns
- Para IG20 says to tell the investee what to do, to improve the objectives. It does not mean one controls the other when two parties have the same objectives
Do All Parents Consolidate?
- AASB 10 (para. 4) states that all entities which are parent entities must prepare consolidated financial statements unless it is a subsidiary of another entity
- Although it is a parent entity, B Ltd is unlikely to prepare its own consolidated financial statements, but this would depend on whether there were dependent users (SAC 1) for B Ltd
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