CH 2: Conservation of Momentum
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Questions and Answers

What is an isolated system in physics?

  • A system where net external forces are zero (correct)
  • A system with no surroundings
  • A system where internal forces are zero
  • A system with no objects

Which of the following statements about the conservation of linear momentum is true?

  • The total linear momentum of an isolated system remains constant if the net external force is zero (correct)
  • It only applies to elastic collisions
  • It is a principle that is only applicable to certain types of systems
  • It is only valid for systems with constant kinetic energy

In the context of systems in physics, what are internal forces?

  • Forces between objects within the system (correct)
  • Forces that are not related to the system
  • Forces acting on the system from the environment
  • Forces that are always zero

What is the difference between elastic and inelastic collisions?

<p>In elastic collisions, both momentum and kinetic energy are conserved (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is meant by the term 'system' in physics?

<p>A collection of objects considered for analysis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When applying the conservation of linear momentum in a one-dimensional collision, what is typically done?

<p>Assign a positive direction and consider momentum contributions before and after the collision (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are external forces in the context of systems in physics?

<p>Forces originating from outside the system (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In an elastic collision, which of the following quantities is conserved?

<p>Both momentum and kinetic energy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about the conservation of linear momentum is false?

<p>It is a principle that is only applicable in certain situations (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between an isolated system and a non-isolated system in physics?

<p>An isolated system has no net external forces (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In an elastic collision, which of the following is conserved?

<p>Both kinetic energy and momentum (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of crumple zones and airbags in vehicles?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the given example of a vehicle collision, what is the first step in the analysis?

<p>Apply conservation of momentum to find the combined velocity after the collision (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to kinetic energy in an inelastic collision?

<p>It is transformed into other forms of energy (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the bullet and block scenario, what principle is illustrated?

<p>Conservation of momentum (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of analyzing the kinetic energies before and after a collision?

<p>To determine the collision type (elastic or inelastic) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of vehicle collisions, what does the impulse-momentum theorem help understand?

<p>The severity of injuries to the occupants (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the total momentum of a system in both elastic and inelastic collisions?

<p>It is always conserved (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of analyzing the frictional impact in the bullet and block scenario?

<p>To illustrate the principles of force, work, and energy conservation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a practical application of understanding collision principles?

<p>Predicting the outcome of planetary collisions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In an elastic collision between two objects, which of the following is conserved?

<p>Total kinetic energy and total momentum (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of analyzing the kinetic energies before and after a collision?

<p>To determine the type of collision (elastic or inelastic) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the given example of a vehicle collision, what principle should be applied first to find the combined velocity after the collision?

<p>Conservation of momentum (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the primary reason for the design of crumple zones and airbags in vehicles?

<p>To increase the collision duration, reducing impact force (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the bullet and block scenario, which principle is illustrated when the block-bullet system moves against friction after the collision?

<p>Conservation of energy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If the total kinetic energy of a system is not conserved during a collision, what type of collision has occurred?

<p>Inelastic (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of collision analysis, what does the term 'isolated system' refer to?

<p>A system where no external forces act on it (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about the conservation of linear momentum is true?

<p>It applies to both elastic and inelastic collisions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a one-dimensional collision analysis, what is typically done when applying the conservation of linear momentum?

<p>The initial and final momenta are equated (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about external forces in the context of systems in physics is true?

<p>External forces act on the system from outside the system (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a system has no external forces acting on it, what can be said about the total linear momentum of the system?

<p>The total linear momentum remains constant. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In an elastic collision, which of the following quantities is conserved in addition to linear momentum?

<p>Kinetic energy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between internal and external forces in the context of systems in physics?

<p>Internal forces act within the system, while external forces originate from outside the system. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a one-dimensional collision scenario, what is typically done when applying the conservation of linear momentum?

<p>Assign a positive direction and consider momentum contributions before and after the collision. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of an isolated system in physics?

<p>The system has no external forces acting on it. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In an inelastic collision, what happens to the kinetic energy of the system?

<p>The kinetic energy is decreased. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about the conservation of linear momentum is true?

<p>It applies universally across closed systems, irrespective of the internal dynamics. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of systems in physics, what is the primary purpose of analyzing the kinetic energies before and after a collision?

<p>To determine if the collision is elastic or inelastic. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about conservation of linear momentum is false?

<p>It applies only to systems with constant mass. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the analysis of a collision, what is the primary purpose of considering external forces acting on the system?

<p>To determine if the conservation of linear momentum principle can be applied. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In an elastic collision between two objects, what is conserved in addition to the total linear momentum?

<p>The total kinetic energy of the system (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of analyzing the kinetic energies before and after a collision?

<p>To determine the type of collision (elastic or inelastic) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of systems in physics, what are internal forces?

<p>Forces that act between objects within the system (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a system has no external forces acting on it, what can be said about the total linear momentum of the system?

<p>The total linear momentum is always conserved (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of vehicle collisions, what does the impulse-momentum theorem help understand?

<p>The risk of injury to the occupants during the collision (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between an isolated system and a non-isolated system in physics?

<p>An isolated system has no external forces acting on it, while a non-isolated system does (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In an inelastic collision, what happens to the kinetic energy of the system?

<p>The total kinetic energy is decreased (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about external forces in the context of systems in physics is true?

<p>External forces can change the total linear momentum of a system (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the given example of a vehicle collision, what is the first step in the analysis?

<p>Apply the conservation of linear momentum to find the combined velocity after the collision (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about the conservation of linear momentum is true?

<p>Linear momentum is conserved only in isolated systems (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In an isolated system undergoing an inelastic collision, what happens to the total kinetic energy of the system?

<p>It decreases due to the dissipation of energy through heat and sound. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements accurately describes the relationship between internal and external forces in the context of systems in physics?

<p>Internal forces act between objects within the system, while external forces originate from outside the system. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In an elastic collision between two objects, which of the following quantities remains constant for the entire system?

<p>Both the total kinetic energy and the total linear momentum (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of applying the conservation of linear momentum in a one-dimensional collision analysis?

<p>To determine the final velocities of the objects after the collision (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the analysis of a collision involving a bullet and a block, what principle is illustrated when the block-bullet system moves against friction after the collision?

<p>Conservation of linear momentum (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of an isolated system in physics?

<p>It has no external forces acting on the system. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In an inelastic collision, what happens to the total kinetic energy of the system compared to an elastic collision?

<p>The total kinetic energy is always less than in an elastic collision. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a system has no external forces acting on it, what can be said about the total linear momentum of the system?

<p>The total linear momentum of the system is always conserved. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about external forces in the context of systems in physics is true?

<p>External forces can change both the total linear momentum and the total kinetic energy of an isolated system. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In an elastic collision, which of the following quantities is conserved in addition to linear momentum?

<p>Total kinetic energy (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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