Consciousness and Spirituality in Traditional Religions

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Which of the following is a medically grounded procedure used to treat mental abnormalities?

Counseling and therapy
Lifestyle changes and self-help
Exorcism and prayer
Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) (correct)

What is the primary focus of the medical model in understanding mental abnormalities?

Psychological and environmental factors
Statistical abnormality and social norms
Supernatural beliefs and moral character
Physiological, biochemical, or genetic causes (correct)

According to the genetic model, what is the primary cause of mental disorders?

Poor moral character development
Statistical abnormality in brain structure
Inheritance from parents (correct)
Supernatural beliefs and curses

What is the primary focus of neuroimaging in understanding mental illness?

Structural changes in brain function (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of the statistical model in explaining mental illness?

Calculating abnormality as a substantial deviation from a statistical average (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the underlying belief of the neurobiology model in understanding mental illness?

Mental illness is a breakdown of natural functions designed by nature (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of psychological models in understanding mental illness?

The individual's development and adaptation to their environment (A) Signup and view all the answers

In the moral character model, what is the primary cause of mental illness?

Lack of virtues such as honesty and integrity (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of sin or immoral behavior in the traditional spiritual perspective of mental illness?

It leads to contamination or possession by bad forces (D) Signup and view all the answers

According to the statistical model, what is the definition of normality?

Conformance to the behavior of the majority (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of the moral character model in treating mental illness?

To develop virtues such as courage and compassion (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary distinction between the traditional spiritual perspective and the moral character model?

The focus on supernatural forces versus moral virtues (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of health according to the World Health Organization (WHO)?

A state of complete physical, mental, and social wellbeing (C) Signup and view all the answers

How is mental illness viewed in sociological terms?

As a deviation from socially approved standards of interpersonal behavior (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of mental health?

Coping with normal stresses of life (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is mental illness characterized by?

Dysfunctional interpersonal behavior (A) Signup and view all the answers

According to the International Encyclopedia of Psychiatry, Psychology, Psychoanalysis & Neurology, what is mental illness a deviation from?

Socially approved standards of interpersonal behavior (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of mental health?

Being able to perform one's sanctioned social roles (C) Signup and view all the answers