أسئلة المحاضرة التاسعة هستولوجي (قبل التعديل)

Fibroblasts are the most common cells in connective tissue and synthesize connective tissue matrix and fibers. They are responsible for tissue growth and wound healing.

Fibroblasts are spindle-shaped cells with branching processes, numerous ribosomes, and prominent endoplasmic reticulum(rER) and Golgi apparatus, which are all vital for producing large amounts of protein fibers, such as collagen and elastin.

Fibroblasts originate from mesenchymal cells, which are undifferentiated cells of the mesoderm. These undifferentiated mesenchymal cells are extremely common in embryonic connective tissue. They also reside in the pulp of deciduous teeth.

Mesenchymal cells are multipotent stem cells that differentiate into various connective tissue cells, including fibroblasts.

Macrophages develop from monocytes, which are blood cells. Monocytes are derived from hematopoietic stem cells located in the bone marrow.

Mast cells are immune cells that are present in connective tissue.

Plasma cells are immune cells responsible for producing antibodies.

Reticular cells are specialized cells that form the reticular fiber network in connective tissues. They are crucial in supporting other cells within the tissue structure.

Strong, white fibers resistant to stretching, made of bundles of fibrils, comprised of tropocollagen molecules arranged in a triple helix.

Protein building blocks of collagen fibers, each a triple helix of polypeptide chains, synthesized by fibroblasts.

Structures formed by the arrangement of tropocollagen molecules, showing a banded appearance.

Thin, yellow fibers that stretch and recoil, branching and forming membranes, not affected by boiling.

Cells that synthesize tropocollagen molecules and produce collagen.

Tissue that supports, binds, and separates tissues/organs.

A staining process where collagen takes on a blue or red coloration, important in histology.

Structure formed by branching elastic fibers, notable in tissue like aorta.

Elastic fibers that are stained yellow, black, and each fiber comprises elastin in the center and oxytalan fibers in the periphery.

Found in artery walls, trachea, bronchi/bronchioles, and ligamentum flavum.

Genetic defect in elastin deposition, leading to potentially fatal aortic aneurysms.

Form a network; supporting stroma of organs like liver and spleen, and in basement membranes.

Thin, branching fibers made of type III collagen, coated in glycoprotein.

Soft, jelly-like components of the amorphous ground substance, not linked to protein.

GAGs linked to a core of protein.

Amorphous component of connective tissue with GAGs and glycoproteins.

Macrophages are cells with two main subtypes: M1 (killer) and M2 (repair).

M1 macrophages are phagocytic, presenting antigens to T-cells, and secreting enzymes.

M2 macrophages aid in tissue repair and wound healing by secreting growth factors.

Reticular fibers form a supportive network for parenchymal cells in connective tissues.

UMCs are undifferentiated mesenchymal cells that develop into various cell types.

Adipocytes (fat cells) are fully differentiated and cannot divide.

Adipocytes are mainly found in white adipose tissue, but can also be in loose connective tissue.

Reticular stroma is found in parenchymal organs.

Produces connective tissue matrix and fibers, crucial for tissue growth and healing

Develop from embryonic mesoderm; multipotent stem cells

From blood monocytes; crucial part of immune response

Immune cells in connective tissue, often linked to allergies

Fat cells; cannot divide after maturation

Form network of reticular fibers; support tissue structures

Spindle shaped, produce matrix and fibers

Undifferentiated mesenchymal cells

Strong, white fibers resistant to stretching, composed of bundles of fibrils, made of tropocollagen molecules.

Protein building blocks of collagen fibers; each is a triple helix of polypeptide chains.

Structures formed by the arrangement of tropocollagen molecules, appearing as banded patterns.

Thin, yellow fibers that stretch and recoil, often branching and forming membranes.

Provides strength and resists stretching in tissues.

Allows tissues to stretch and recoil, providing flexibility.

Acidophilic: often appear blue or red.

Provides support, binding, and separation of structures.

Elastic fibers stained yellow, black; central elastin, peripheral oxytalan fibres.

Artery walls, trachea, bronchi/bronchioles, ligamentum flavum.

Form network, support parenchymal organs (e.g., liver, spleen), and basement membranes.

Thin, branching fibers, type III collagen, glycoprotein coating.

Soft, jelly-like ground substance, not linked to protein.

GAGs linked to a core protein.

Defective elastin deposition, causing aortic aneurysms.

Amorphous component of connective tissue, with GAGs and glycoproteins.

Adipocytes are fully differentiated cells and cannot divide.

Adipocytes are primarily found in white adipose tissue and sometimes in loose connective tissue.

Macrophages are categorized into M1 (killer) and M2 (repair) subtypes.

M1 macrophages act as phagocytes, activating the immune response by presenting antigens to T-helper cells and secreting enzymes.

M2 macrophages contribute to tissue repair and wound healing by secreting growth factors.

Reticular stroma supports parenchymal organs. It is a network of reticular fibers

Reticular cells are the most common cells in loose connective tissue, characterized by their branched shape and processes. Reticular fibers are attached to their processes.

UMCs(Undifferentiated mesenchymal cells) are multipotent stem cells.