Connective Tissue Overview
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Connective Tissue Overview

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Questions and Answers

What structural feature of macrophages is observed under an electron microscope?

  • Smooth surface without projections
  • Small, circular openings on the surface
  • Numerous folds and finger-like projections (correct)
  • Uniform round shape with no indentations

    • How do plasma cells originate?

  • From T-lymphocytes
  • From macrophages
  • From B-lymphocytes (correct)
  • From pre-existing plasma cells

    • What characteristic is used to describe the nucleus of plasma cells?

  • Flat and elongated
  • Large and irregular
  • Round and eccentric (correct)
  • Small and centered

    • Which term best describes the appearance of the nucleus in plasma cells?

    <p>Clock-faced</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the folds observed on macrophages?

    <p>Engulfing substances for phagocytosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one primary function of connective tissue?

    <p>Support and movement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of connective tissue is characterized by a loose arrangement of fibers?

    <p>Loose CT</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which category are fibroblasts categorized in connective tissue?

    <p>Fixed/Resident cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of the extracellular matrix in connective tissue?

    <p>Provides structural support and binds cells together</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which connective tissue type is primarily responsible for energy storage?

    <p>Adipose tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the principal role of fibroblasts in connective tissue?

    <p>They provide structural support to tissues.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    From which type of cells are fibroblasts derived?

    <p>Mesenchymal cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic feature of fibroblasts under a microscope?

    <p>Large, ovoid, euchromatic nucleus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of fibers do fibroblasts deploy along?

    <p>Collagen fibers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which other cell types are closely associated with fibroblasts in the connective tissue?

    <p>Macrophage-like cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the structure of eosinophils?

    <p>Round with a bilobed nucleus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the primary functions associated with eosinophils?

    <p>Fighting parasitic infections</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of connective tissue fiber is NOT mentioned in the context of the extracellular matrix?

    <p>Muscle fibers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of eosinophils, what percentage of leukocytes do they compose?

    <p>1-4%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does the ground substance play in the extracellular matrix?

    <p>Acts as a fluid medium for nutrient transport</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of eosinophils?

    <p>High number in healthy individuals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component of the extracellular matrix primarily supports cells?

    <p>Ground substance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary association of eosinophils in the immune response?

    <p>Allergic reactions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of fibrocytes?

    <p>Maintaining connective tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of cell is responsible for antigen processing and presentation in the epidermis of the skin?

    <p>Langerhans cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Osteoclasts are primarily involved in what function?

    <p>Digestion of bone matrix</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which macrophage is located in the liver?

    <p>Kupffer cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which characteristic distinguishes active fibroblasts from quiescent fibrocytes?

    <p>Presence of a prominent nucleolus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Microglial cells have a specific role in which part of the body?

    <p>Central nervous system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common function of both dendritic cells and Langerhans cells?

    <p>Antigen processing and presentation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In connective tissue, multinuclear giant cells primarily function in what way?

    <p>Segregation and digestion of foreign bodies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What structural feature differentiates fibrocytes from fibroblasts?

    <p>Activity level of the cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of macrophage is found in lymph nodes and spleen?

    <p>Dendritic cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of plasma cells in the humoral immune system?

    <p>Production of antibodies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Natural killer (NK) cells are best known for their ability to:

    <p>Kill virus-infected and tumor cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cell type is primarily involved in the modulation of mast cell activities?

    <p>Eosinophilic leukocytes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What function do neutrophilic leukocytes serve in the immune response?

    <p>Phagocytosis of foreign substances</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Mast cells release granules that primarily contribute to which type of immune reaction?

    <p>Hypersensitivity reactions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following descriptions accurately represents macrophages?

    <p>They are responsible for antigen processing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The secretion of cytokines by neutrophilic leukocytes serves to:

    <p>Enhance the inflammatory response</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes natural killer (NK) cells from other lymphocytes?

    <p>They are programmed to kill specific cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which role is NOT associated with eosinophilic leukocytes?

    <p>Phagocytosis of bacteria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of mast cells in the immune response?

    <p>Secretion of histamines and active mediators</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Connective Tissue

    • Connective tissue is derived from embryonic mesenchyme
    • There are two main categories: connective tissue proper and specialized connective tissue
    • Connective tissue has a variety of functions, including support, transport, protection, and energy storage.

    General Structure

    • Fixed Resident Cells:
      • Undifferentiated mesenchymal cells
      • Fibroblasts
      • Adipocytes
      • Macrophages
    • Free Wandering Cells:
      • Plasma cells
      • Neutrophils
      • Eosinophils
      • Basophils
      • Monocytes
      • Mast cells

    Extracellular Matrix

    • Contains collagen, elastin and reticular fibers, ground substance, and tissue fluid
    • Ground substance is a viscous, gel-like substance that contains glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and glycoproteins.

    Specialized Connective Tissue

    • Adipose tissue: stores fat
    • Cartilage: provides support and flexibility
    • Bone: provides strong support
    • Blood: transports oxygen, nutrients, and waste products.

    Classification

    • Connective Tissue Proper:

      • Loose connective tissue: forms layers beneath epithelial cells, fills spaces between organs and tissues
      • Dense connective tissue:
        • Dense irregular connective tissue: densely packed, interwoven collagen fibers
        • Dense regular connective tissue: collagen fibers oriented in parallel

    • Specialized Connective Tissues:

      • Cartilage
      • Bone
      • Blood
      • Adipose tissue
      • Hematopoietic tissue

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    Connective Tissue - OS 201 Exam 01

    Description

    This quiz covers the essential concepts of connective tissue, including its origin, general structure, and specialized types. Learn about the functions of connective tissue, the types of cells involved, and the extracellular matrix components. Test your knowledge on adipose tissue, cartilage, bone, and blood.

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