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What is the primary function of connective tissue?
Connective tissue cells are only classified into resident cells.
False
Name one type of resident cell found in connective tissue.
Fibroblast
The embryonic tissue from which connective tissue originates is called ______.
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Match the type of connective tissue cell with its description:
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Which of the following is NOT a function of connective tissue?
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Adipose tissue is a type of connective tissue that serves a special function.
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What is the role of fibroblasts in connective tissue?
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Wandering cells in connective tissue include ______ and leukocytes.
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Which cell type is considered a resident connective tissue cell?
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What is the primary function of macrophages in the immune system?
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Mast cells are predominantly found in the blood vessels of the lymphatic system.
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What type of adipocytes are characterized by a single large fat droplet?
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The __________ are cells of the immune system that can fuse to form multinuclear giant cells.
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Match the following cells with their primary functions:
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Which of the following cells releases histamine and eosinophil chemotactic factors?
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Multi-locular adipocytes have a few large fat droplets and are mainly used for energy storage.
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Identify the cell type characterized by a deeply basophilic cytoplasm and eccentric nucleus.
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Kuffer cells in the liver and microglia in the brain are examples of specialized __________.
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What characteristic structure do adipocytes develop from?
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Study Notes
Connective Tissue Definition and Origin
- Connective tissue connects and supports cells and organs, maintaining the body's form.
- It originates from mesenchyme, an embryonic tissue developing from the mesoderm.
- Mesenchymal cells are elongated with many thin cytoplasmic processes, an oval nucleus, and fine chromatin.
- They migrate from their origin to developing organs.
Mesenchymal Cell Differentiation
- Mesenchymal cells give rise to:
- All types of connective tissue cells
- Blood cells
- Endothelial cells
- Muscle cells
Connective Tissue Functions
- Provides and maintains the body's shape.
- Connects, binds, and supports cells and organs.
- Serves as an exchange medium for nutrients and metabolites.
- Special functions in different types of connective tissue, including adipose tissue, cartilage, bone, blood, and lymphoid tissue.
Connective Tissue Components
- Connective tissue consists of:
- Cells
- Fibers
- Extracellular matrix (ground substance)
Connective Tissue Cells: Resident Cells
- Resident cells are stable, long-lived, and essential components of connective tissue.
- Examples of resident cells include:
- Mesenchymal cells
- Fibroblasts
- Fat cells
- Reticular cells
- Pigment cells
Connective Tissue Cells: Wandering Cells
- Wandering cells are transient, short-lived, and not essential components.
- They belong to the immune system and reach connective tissue when needed.
- Examples of wandering cells include:
- Plasma cells
- Mast cells
- Macrophages
- Leukocytes
Fibroblasts
- Found in all types of connective tissue.
- Elongated branched cells with many long processes, spindle-shaped in side view.
- Form connective tissue fibers and ground substances.
- Involved in healing and repair of connective tissue after injury.
Macrophages
- Originate from monocytes.
- Found throughout the body.
- Have an irregular surface with protrusions and indentations, a kidney-shaped nucleus, well-developed Golgi complex, prominent rough endoplasmic reticulum, many lysosomes, and phagocytic vesicles.
Macrophage Functions
- Phagocytosis
- Production of cytokines and chemotactic factors involved in inflammation.
- Antigen processing and presentation.
- Can fuse to form multinuclear giant cells.
Macrophage Diversity
-
Macrophages have different names and functions in various organs, including:
- Kupffer cells in the liver
- Microglia in the brain
- Dendritic cells in the skin
-
Collectively, these phagocytic cells are known as the mononuclear phagocytic system.
Plasma Cells
- Found in lymphatic tissue.
- Oval cells with an eccentric nucleus.
- Deeply basophilic cytoplasm due to abundant rough endoplasmic reticulum.
- A pale unstained area corresponds to the Golgi apparatus.
- Function: Antibody formation.
Mast Cells
- Found in loose connective tissue around blood vessels, under the epithelium of the gastrointestinal and respiratory systems.
- Rounded to oval cells with a central nucleus and numerous basophilic granules filling the cytoplasm stained metachromatically with toluidine blue.
- Secrete:
- Heparin
- Histamine
- Eosinophil chemotactic factor
Adipose Cells
-
Two types:
- Uni-locular adipocytes
- Multi-locular adipocytes
-
Both originate from mesenchymal precursors called lipoblasts.
Uni-locular Adipocytes
- Found in white adipose connective tissue.
- Large oval cells filled with a single large fat droplet that occupies most of the cell volume, compressing the cytoplasm into a thin rim and pushing the nucleus to one side, giving a signet ring appearance.
- Function: Supportive and heat insulation.
Multi-locular Adipocytes
- Found around organs.
- Small, rounded cells with small, many fat droplets, a central rounded nucleus, and numerous mitochondria.
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Description
This quiz explores the definition, origin, and functions of connective tissue. It covers the differentiation of mesenchymal cells and highlights the various components that make up connective tissue. Test your knowledge on this essential biological subject!
