Connective and Epithelial Tissues Overview
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Questions and Answers

The shock-absorbing pads between the vertebrae are formed of fibrocartilage.

True

The role of brown fat is to warm the body; whereas, the role of white fat is to store nutrients.

True

Tendons and ligaments are composed mainly of dense irregular connective tissue.

False

Macrophages are found in areolar and lymphatic tissues.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Goblet cells are found within pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Epithelial tissues always exhibit polarity; that is, they have a free surface and a basal surface.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Simple cuboidal epithelia are usually found in areas where secretion and absorption occur.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Depending on the functional state of the bladder, transitional epithelium may resemble stratified squamous or stratified cuboidal epithelium.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Elastic cartilage tissue is found in the walls of the large arteries that leave the heart.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Aging tends to increase bony spread within the body as chondrocytes die.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Merocrine glands produce their secretions by accumulating their secretions internally until the cell ruptures.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Salivary glands exhibit simple tubuloalveolar glandular arrangement.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Connective tissues that possess a large quantity of collagen fibers often provide the framework for organs such as the spleen and lymph nodes.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

The basic difference between dense irregular and dense regular connective tissues is in the amount of elastic fibers and adipose cells present.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

A major characteristic of fibrocartilage is its unique amount of flexibility and elasticity.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Cartilage tissue tends to heal less rapidly than bone tissue.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Intercalated discs and striations are found in skeletal muscle.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Smooth muscle cells possess central nuclei but lack striations.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Cartilage has good regenerative capacity, while most epithelial tissues do not.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Squamous cells are flattened and scalelike when mature.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Functions of connective tissues include binding, support, insulation, and protection.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Healing of a surgical incision through the body wall will tend to increase the amount of areolar tissue.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Endocrine glands are often called ducted glands.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Blood is considered a type of connective tissue.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Nervous tissue consists mainly of neurons and collagen fibers.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not found in the matrix of cartilage but is found in bone?

<p>Blood vessels</p> Signup and view all the answers

The reason that intervertebral discs exhibit a large amount of tensile strength, which allows them to absorb shock, is because they possess ______.

<p>Collagen fibers</p> Signup and view all the answers

What tissue has lacunae, calcium salts, and blood vessels?

<p>Osseous tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is hyaline cartilage different from elastic or fibrocartilage?

<p>Fibers are not normally visible.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The blast cell for blood production is the ______.

<p>Hemocytoblast</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following would be of most importance to goblet cells and other glandular epithelium?

<p>Golgi bodies</p> Signup and view all the answers

The simple columnar epithelium that form absorptive cells of the digestive tract have which characteristic?

<p>Dense microvilli</p> Signup and view all the answers

Pseudostratified columnar epithelium ciliated variety ______.

<p>Lines most of the respiratory tract</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a single-celled layer of epithelium that forms the lining of serous membranes?

<p>Simple squamous</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes connective tissue?

<p>Usually contains a large amount of matrix</p> Signup and view all the answers

Connective tissue matrix is composed of ______.

<p>Fibers and ground substance</p> Signup and view all the answers

Cell type not found in areolar connective tissue.

<p>Chondrocytes</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which tissue type arises from all three embryonic germ layers?

<p>Epithelial tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

The fiber type that gives connective tissue great tensile strength is ______.

<p>Collagen</p> Signup and view all the answers

Groups of cells that are similar in structure and perform a common or related function form a(n) ______.

<p>Tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

The shape of the external ear is maintained by ______.

<p>Elastic cartilage</p> Signup and view all the answers

Inability to absorb digested nutrients and secrete mucus might indicate a disorder in which tissue?

<p>Simple columnar</p> Signup and view all the answers

Glands, such as the thyroid, that secrete their products directly into the blood rather than through ducts are classified as ______.

<p>Endocrine</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about epithelia?

<p>Endothelium provides a slick surface lining all hollow cardiovascular organs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Chondroblasts ______.

<p>Within the cartilage divide and secrete new matrix</p> Signup and view all the answers

________ epithelium appears to have two or three layers of cells, but all the cells are in contact with the basement membrane.

<p>Pseudostratified columnar</p> Signup and view all the answers

A many-layered epithelium with cuboidal basal cells and flat cells at its surface would be classified as ______.

<p>Stratified squamous</p> Signup and view all the answers

Edema occurs when __________.

<p>Areolar tissue soaks up excess fluid in an inflamed area</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about the mode of secretion of exocrine glands?

<p>Merocrine glands are not altered by the secretory process.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Heart muscle cells would tend to separate without ______.

<p>Intercalated discs</p> Signup and view all the answers

Arteries, veins, and lymphatics keep clots from sticking as long as their ______ is intact and healthy.

<p>Endothelium</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which is true concerning muscle tissue?

<p>Highly cellular and well vascularized</p> Signup and view all the answers

The first step in tissue repair involves ______.

<p>Inflammation</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the three main components of connective tissue?

<p>Ground substance, fibers, and cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true of connective tissue?

<p>Collagen fibers provide high tensile strength.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Select the correct statement regarding the stem cells of connective tissue.

<p>'Blast' cells are undifferentiated, actively dividing cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Select the correct statement regarding tissue repair.

<p>Inflammation causes capillaries to dilate and become permeable.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Select the correct statement regarding epithelia.

<p>Stratified epithelia are present where protection from abrasion is important.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Select the correct statement regarding adipose tissue.

<p>Its primary function is nutrient storage.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The tissue that forms the framework for the lamina propria of mucous membranes is ______ connective tissue.

<p>Areolar</p> Signup and view all the answers

Cardiac muscle tissue is uninucleated, has intercalated discs, and is ______.

<p>Brachea</p> Signup and view all the answers

The ______ muscle cells are multinucleated due to the fusion of myoblasts.

<p>Skeletal</p> Signup and view all the answers

The uppermost layer of skin is composed of ______.

<p>Diff</p> Signup and view all the answers

Kidney tubules are composed of ______ epithelium.

<p>Simple cuboidal</p> Signup and view all the answers

Three to six rows of cells covering a tissue in which the cells may be the same shape from the basement membrane to the surfaces would be ______ epithelia.

<p>Transitional</p> Signup and view all the answers

All epithelial tissue rests upon a(n) ______ composed of connective tissue.

<p>Basement membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

The salivary glands are a good example of a(n) ______ exocrine gland.

<p>Compound tubuloalveolar</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Connective Tissues and Their Characteristics

  • Shock-absorbing pads between vertebrae consist of fibrocartilage.
  • Brown fat functions to thermoregulate, while white fat serves as nutrient storage.
  • Tendons and ligaments are primarily composed of dense regular connective tissue, not irregular.
  • Intercalated discs and striations are absent in smooth muscle; these features are unique to cardiac muscle.

Epithelial Tissue Facts

  • Goblet cells are present within pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium, crucial for mucus secretion.
  • Epithelial tissues display polarity, having a free surface and a basal surface.
  • Simple cuboidal epithelia are commonly located in secretion and absorption sites.
  • Transitional epithelium can change appearance, resembling stratified squamous or cuboidal depending on bladder filling.

Cartilage and Bone Distinctions

  • Elastic cartilage comprises the flexible structures like the outer ear.
  • Cartilage has limited regenerative capacity compared to bone, which heals more rapidly.
  • Hyaline cartilage is characterized by a lack of visible fibers, differing from elastic and fibrocartilage.

Muscle Tissue Overview

  • Smooth muscle cells have central nuclei and lack striations, allowing for involuntary movement.
  • Cardiac muscle is unique due to its intercalated discs, which facilitate synchronized contractions.

Glands and Their Functionality

  • Endocrine glands secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream, lacking ducts.
  • Exocrine glands, such as salivary glands, utilize ducts to deliver their secretions, like saliva.

Tissue Repair and Regeneration

  • The healing process begins with inflammation, which is crucial for initiating repair.
  • Granulation tissue forms during healing, and while it is vital, it is also susceptible to infection.
  • Tissue repair involves regeneration and fibrosis, but not the formation of new stem cells.

General Tissue Functions

  • Functions of connective tissue include binding, support, insulation, and protection.
  • Blood is a specialized form of connective tissue characterized by its matrix (plasma) and contents (cells, platelets).
  • Cells constituting connective tissue often produce large amounts of extracellular matrix.

Important Terminology

  • "Blast" cells are undifferentiated connective tissue cells that actively divide.
  • Lacunae are small cavities in bone and cartilage that house living cells.
  • Microvilli increase surface area in absorption and secretion areas, notably within digestive epithelial cells.

Specific Epithelial Types and Locations

  • Simple squamous epithelium lines serous membranes, facilitating fluid movement and exchange.
  • Stratified squamous epithelium provides protection in areas experiencing abrasion.
  • Pseudostratified columnar epithelium, commonly found in the respiratory tract, helps trap and move particles.

Connective Tissue Matrix Composition

  • The composition of connective tissue matrix includes fibers (collagen, elastin) and ground substance, essential for structural integrity.
  • Edema results from areolar tissue absorbing excess fluid during inflammation, leading to swelling.

Development and Origin of Tissues

  • Epithelial tissue arises from all three embryonic germ layers, demonstrating its foundational importance in organ development.
  • Mesenchymal cells, originating in embryonic connective tissue, differentiate into various connective tissue types.

These notes encompass key facts about anatomy and physiology regarding different tissue types, highlighting their functions, structures, and roles within the body.

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Description

This quiz covers the characteristics and distinctions of various connective tissues, epithelial tissues, and the differences between cartilage and bone. Learn about the functions and structures of these critical tissue types found in the human body.

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