Congestive Heart Failure Management

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What is the primary purpose of administering diuretics in pediatric heart failure?

To improve mortality in pediatric studies
To increase the excretion of sodium and water (correct)
To reduce the vasodilatory effect of oxygen
To alleviate dyspnea, hypoxemia, or cyanosis

Which type of diuretic is commonly used as a first-line choice in pediatric heart failure?

Loop diuretic (correct)
Potassium-sparing diuretic
Thiazide diuretic
Aldosterone receptor antagonist

What is a potential complication associated with the use of loop diuretics in pediatric heart failure?

Cyanosis
Dyspnea
Hypokalemia (correct)
Hyperkalemia

What is the benefit of using spironolactone in pediatric heart failure?

It works synergistically with a loop diuretic (A) Signup and view all the answers

Why is supplemental oxygen necessary in pediatric heart failure?

To treat dyspnea, hypoxemia, or cyanosis (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is an important consideration when using oxygen in pediatric heart failure?

It has a vasodilatory effect on the pulmonary vasculature (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of postoperative care for a child who has undergone cardiovascular surgery?

To maintain cardiac output and prevent complications (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the amount of blood pumped by the heart per minute?

Cardiac output (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the increased pressure that the heart must pump against to eject blood?

Afterload (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the procedure called when the pulmonary artery is connected to the aorta to increase blood flow to the lungs?

Norwood procedure (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the inflammation of blood vessels that can affect the heart?

Vasculitis (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the abnormal flow of blood through the heart, which can lead to cardiac complications?

Heart murmur (D) Signup and view all the answers

In children with congenital heart defects, why should oxygen not be the initial response to low oxygen saturation?

It dilates the pulmonary bed, worsening respiratory compromise (A) Signup and view all the answers

Why is maintaining proper nutrition a challenge for children with Congestive Heart Failure (CHF)?

They tire easily while eating (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of manually expressing breast milk for children with moderate heart failure?

To conserve energy and allow for calorie concentration (A) Signup and view all the answers

Why do children with heart failure require increased daily calories?

To meet increased metabolic demands (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the benefit of eating several small, high-calorie, high-fat meals daily for children with CHF?

It provides adequate nutrition (A) Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to consider calorie supplementation for children with CHF?

To meet increased metabolic demands (B) Signup and view all the answers