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Questions and Answers
What is the most common term synonymous with the congenital deformity talipes equino-varus?
What is the most common term synonymous with the congenital deformity talipes equino-varus?
- Club Hand
- Intermittent Claudication
- Calcaneal Fracture
- Club Foot (correct)
Which treatment method is usually advised for moderate disability in osteoarthritis cases?
Which treatment method is usually advised for moderate disability in osteoarthritis cases?
- Surgical Arthroplasty
- Spinal Fusion
- Physiotherapy (correct)
- Hip Replacement
What is the characteristic radiographic feature of osteoarthritis seen in the text?
What is the characteristic radiographic feature of osteoarthritis seen in the text?
- Widening of the cartilage space
- Presence of multiple fractures
- Prominent osteophytes (correct)
- Cyst formation in bone
In cases where osteoarthritis becomes a serious handicap, what surgical procedure is usually recommended?
In cases where osteoarthritis becomes a serious handicap, what surgical procedure is usually recommended?
Which condition is characterized by poor development of calf muscles and bilateral club foot in an infant boy?
Which condition is characterized by poor development of calf muscles and bilateral club foot in an infant boy?
Which term describes the deformity where the footrests in a position of eversion and dorsiflexion, almost in contact with the shin?
Which term describes the deformity where the footrests in a position of eversion and dorsiflexion, almost in contact with the shin?
What is the main cause of talipes calcaneovalgus according to the text?
What is the main cause of talipes calcaneovalgus according to the text?
Which soft tissue tightness prevents the foot from being easily brought down into inversion and equinus in talipes calcaneovalgus?
Which soft tissue tightness prevents the foot from being easily brought down into inversion and equinus in talipes calcaneovalgus?
What is the recommended treatment for most cases of talipes calcaneovalgus?
What is the recommended treatment for most cases of talipes calcaneovalgus?
Which statement best describes the difference between talipes calcaneovalgus and talipes equino varus?
Which statement best describes the difference between talipes calcaneovalgus and talipes equino varus?
What is the main idea behind early operative treatment for restoring a plantigrade foot?
What is the main idea behind early operative treatment for restoring a plantigrade foot?
In children aged 2 to 12 with congenital talipes, which operation involves transferring the tibialis posterior tendon to the outer side of the foot?
In children aged 2 to 12 with congenital talipes, which operation involves transferring the tibialis posterior tendon to the outer side of the foot?
Which operation involves arthrodesis of the calcaneo-cuboid joint with excision of a wafer of bone?
Which operation involves arthrodesis of the calcaneo-cuboid joint with excision of a wafer of bone?
What is the prominent feature that an osteotomy of the calcaneus with insertion of a bone wedge aims to correct?
What is the prominent feature that an osteotomy of the calcaneus with insertion of a bone wedge aims to correct?
Congenital talipes calcaneo-valgus presents which type of deformity compared to talipes equino-varus?
Congenital talipes calcaneo-valgus presents which type of deformity compared to talipes equino-varus?
What is the major component of the deformity in talipes equino-varus?
What is the major component of the deformity in talipes equino-varus?
Which muscle imbalance is responsible for most cases of club foot deformity?
Which muscle imbalance is responsible for most cases of club foot deformity?
What is a striking feature in most cases of talipes equino-varus related to muscle development?
What is a striking feature in most cases of talipes equino-varus related to muscle development?
Why is there a marked discrepancy in calf girth between the two sides when only one foot is affected by talipes equino-varus?
Why is there a marked discrepancy in calf girth between the two sides when only one foot is affected by talipes equino-varus?
What is a key clinical feature that distinguishes talipes equino-varus from congenital dislocation of the hip?
What is a key clinical feature that distinguishes talipes equino-varus from congenital dislocation of the hip?
What is a common radiographic finding when the lateral ligament is torn or lax?
What is a common radiographic finding when the lateral ligament is torn or lax?
What is a characteristic sign observed when the heel is fully inverted?
What is a characteristic sign observed when the heel is fully inverted?
What might be the diagnosis if radiographs do not show abnormality but symptoms of lateral ligament strain are present?
What might be the diagnosis if radiographs do not show abnormality but symptoms of lateral ligament strain are present?
What is a common feature of abnormal mobility due to lateral ligament injury?
What is a common feature of abnormal mobility due to lateral ligament injury?
What is a key indicator of a torn lateral ligament during radiographic examination under adduction stress?
What is a key indicator of a torn lateral ligament during radiographic examination under adduction stress?
What are the three elements that make up the deformity of club foot?
What are the three elements that make up the deformity of club foot?
Which term describes the inward deviation of the forefoot relative to the hindfoot in club foot?
Which term describes the inward deviation of the forefoot relative to the hindfoot in club foot?
What is a common consequence of delayed primary treatment for club foot in infants?
What is a common consequence of delayed primary treatment for club foot in infants?
Which condition might be associated with poor development of calf muscles in infants?
Which condition might be associated with poor development of calf muscles in infants?
What is the recommended treatment for a slight disability in the talus that allows for up to a 15-degree tilt in a normal ankle?
What is the recommended treatment for a slight disability in the talus that allows for up to a 15-degree tilt in a normal ankle?
What is a common factor that leads to premature wear and destruction of the articular cartilage in the ankle?
What is a common factor that leads to premature wear and destruction of the articular cartilage in the ankle?
Which condition is characterized by poor development of calf muscles and bilateral club foot in an infant boy?
Which condition is characterized by poor development of calf muscles and bilateral club foot in an infant boy?
What type of joint disease is a primary factor leading to osteoarthritis of the ankle?
What type of joint disease is a primary factor leading to osteoarthritis of the ankle?
In cases where osteoarthritis becomes a serious handicap, what surgical procedure is usually recommended?
In cases where osteoarthritis becomes a serious handicap, what surgical procedure is usually recommended?
Study Notes
Talipes Equino-Varus
- The most common term synonymous with talipes equino-varus is club foot.
- The major component of the deformity in talipes equino-varus is the inward and downward deviation of the foot.
- Muscle imbalance, particularly the overactivity of the gastrocnemius and soleus muscles, is responsible for most cases of club foot deformity.
- A striking feature in most cases of talipes equino-varus is the poor development of calf muscles, which is often accompanied by a marked discrepancy in calf girth between the two sides when only one foot is affected.
- A key clinical feature that distinguishes talipes equino-varus from congenital dislocation of the hip is the rigid deformity of the foot.
Talipes Calcaneovalgus
- Talipes calcaneovalgus is characterized by the deformity where the foot rests in a position of eversion and dorsiflexion, almost in contact with the shin.
- The main cause of talipes calcaneovalgus is the tightness of the soft tissues on the anterior and lateral aspects of the foot.
- The recommended treatment for most cases of talipes calcaneovalgus is conservative management with stretching and manipulation.
- The prominent feature of talipes calcaneovalgus compared to talipes equino-varus is the outward and upward deviation of the foot.
Osteoarthritis
- Osteoarthritis is characterized by the narrowing of the joint space, sclerosis, and osteophyte formation.
- The main cause of osteoarthritis is the wear and tear of the articular cartilage due to joint disease.
- In cases where osteoarthritis becomes a serious handicap, arthrodesis is usually recommended.
- Treatment for moderate disability in osteoarthritis cases usually involves shoe modification and orthotics.
Surgical Procedures
- In children aged 2 to 12 with congenital talipes, the operation involves transferring the tibialis posterior tendon to the outer side of the foot.
- The Dennyson-Fulford procedure involves arthrodesis of the calcaneo-cuboid joint with excision of a wafer of bone.
- An osteotomy of the calcaneus with insertion of a bone wedge aims to correct the deformity of the heel.
Lateral Ligament Injury
- A common radiographic finding when the lateral ligament is torn or lax is the increased lateral tilt of the talus.
- A characteristic sign observed when the heel is fully inverted is the lateral ligament strain.
- If radiographs do not show abnormality but symptoms of lateral ligament strain are present, the diagnosis might be lateral ligament strain.
- A common feature of abnormal mobility due to lateral ligament injury is the excessive lateral tilting of the talus.
- A key indicator of a torn lateral ligament during radiographic examination under adduction stress is the increased lateral tilt of the talus.
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Description
Test your knowledge on congenital talipes equinovarus, also known as clubfoot, which consists of inversion, adduction, and equinus deformities. Learn about the diagnosis and characteristics of this condition in newborn infants.
