Congenital Heart Defects

Which category includes congenital heart defects that cause a higher volume of blood to circulate through the lungs?

What type of congenital heart defects restrict blood flow to the lungs?

Which type of congenital heart defect inhibits blood flow, often due to valve or vessel narrowing?

Which category of congenital heart defects involves a combination of different types of abnormalities?

What is the term for heart conditions that develop after birth?

What is a result of increased pulmonary blood flow?

What is a key characteristic of obstructive disorders in the heart?

What is a typical feature of 'mixed' heart disorders?

When does acquired heart disease typically develop?

Which of the following is NOT a classification of congenital heart defects?

Increased Pulmonary Blood Flow

Decreased Pulmonary Blood Flow

Obstructive Disorders

Acquired Heart Disease

These defects allow oxygenated blood to recirculate through the lungs
This increases pulmonary blood flow at the expense of systemic blood flow
Common defects include:
- Atrial Septal Defect (ASD)
- Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD)
- Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA)
- Atrioventricular Canal Defect

These defects obstruct pulmonary blood flow
This causes desaturated blood to shunt from the right to the left side of the heart
Common defects include:
- Tetralogy of Fallot
- Tricuspid Atresia
- Pulmonary Stenosis

These defects obstruct blood flow, impeding blood leaving the heart
Examples include:
- Coarctation of the Aorta
- Aortic Stenosis
- Pulmonic Stenosis

These defects involve a mixing of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood
Systemic blood flow is decreased
Pulmonary congestion occurs
Examples include:
- Transposition of the Great Arteries
- Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return (TAPVR)
- Truncus Arteriosus
- Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome (HLHS)