Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernias Summary

What is the most common side affected in congenital diaphragmatic hernia?

It varies from case to case
Left side (correct)
Both sides equally
Right side

What is a possible symptom of congenital diaphragmatic hernia?

Respiratory distress (correct)
Club foot
Deafness
Jaundice

What is the main method of antenatal diagnosis of congenital diaphragumatic hernia?

Blood tests
Ultrasound (correct)
MRI
Amniocentesis

What is a possible associated anomaly with congenital diaphragmatic hernia?

Craniofacial dysmorphism (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is a possible complication of congenital diaphragmatic hernia?

Polyhydramnios (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the syndrome associated with congenital diaphragmatic hernia?

All of the above (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the incidence rate of congenital diaphragmatic hernias?

1/3000 live births (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common type of congenital diaphragmatic hernia?

Postero-lateral hernia (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main cause of congenital diaphragmatic hernias?

Impaired development of embryonic structures (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of congenital diaphragmatic hernias on lung tissue?

Compression of lung tissue (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the percentage of isolated congenital diaphragmatic hernias?

50-70% (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the association between congenital diaphragmatic hernias and liver structure?

The liver protects the right hemidiaphragm (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the abnormal elevation of a congenitally thin, hypoplastic but intact diaphragm?

Diaphragmatic eventration (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the percentage of congenital diaphragmatic hernias that occur on the left side?

85% (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is indicated in all cases of congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH)?

Surgical repair (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary complication of pleurocentesis in CDH?

Bile in the chest tube (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of mediastinal shift to the right in CDH?

It indicates compression of the contralateral lung (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of a nasogastric tube in CDH?

To diagnose CDH (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the timing of surgical repair in CDH?

After 24-48 hours (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the liver in right-sided CDH?

It appears as an intrathoracic soft tissue mass (D) Signup and view all the answers

Why is CT or MRI used in CDH?

To determine the severity of lung hypoplasia (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main factor that determines the prognosis of CDH?

Severity of lung hypoplasia (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common complication of congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) in infants?

Pulmonary hypoplasia (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of congenital diaphragmatic eventration?

Abnormal elevation of a portion of the hemidiaphragm (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary feature of bronchogenic cysts?

Abnormal growth of tissue in the mediastinum (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the condition previously known as congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation (CCAM)?

Congenital pulmonary airway malformation (CPAM) (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the cause of pulmonary agenesis?

Failure of lung bud development (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the diagnostic test used to diagnose bronchogenic cysts?

Chest x-ray (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the management of congenital pulmonary airway malformation (CPAM)?

Steroids and drainage (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for lung tissue that is not connected to the tracheobronchial tree?

Pulmonary sequestration (A) Signup and view all the answers