Confucianism: Philosophy or Religion?
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Questions and Answers

What is the name of the collection of Confucius' teachings that provides the most authentic materials on the founding of Confucianism?

  • The Philosophy of Life
  • The Teachings of Master Kung
  • The Analects (correct)
  • The Confucian Bible
  • Why do many people consider Confucianism more as an attitude toward life rather than a religion?

  • Because it doesn't hold to any solid belief in a divine being or a view on the afterlife (correct)
  • Because it is a belief system based on superstition
  • Because it is only practiced in China
  • Because it emphasizes the importance of rituals and ceremonies
  • What was the main concern of Confucius during his lifetime?

  • The decline of the Chinese feudal system (correct)
  • The threat of foreign invasion
  • The spread of Buddhism
  • The rise of capitalism in China
  • What was the likely occupation of Confucius' family before they lost their wealth and position of power?

    <p>Aristocrats</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was Confucius' belief about how society could succeed?

    <p>Through the righteous governance of rulers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the approximate year of Confucius' birth?

    <p>551 BCE</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What concept did Confucius emphasize as key to resolving the problems of his society?

    <p>Jen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key virtue that rulers must hold, according to Confucianism?

    <p>Humility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the deep respect of elders and ancestors in Confucianism?

    <p>Filial piety</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the five key relationships in Confucianism, according to Master Kung?

    <p>Ruler to subject, father to son, husband to wife, elder to younger, and friend to friend</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main principle of Confucianism known as?

    <p>Jen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why did Confucius want to hold a high government position?

    <p>To influence great feudal lords or a king and bring about change</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Confucius do when no one in power would listen to his teachings?

    <p>He traveled the land, sharing his beliefs with the common people of China</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was compiled after Confucius' death?

    <p>The Analects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who was instrumental in spreading Confucianism throughout China and the world?

    <p>Mencius</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Founding of Confucianism

    • Confucianism's founding details are disputed among historians, with the most authentic materials found in the Analects, a collection of Confucius' teachings.

    Definition of Confucianism

    • Confucianism is a philosophy or religion based on Master Kung's teachings, with no solid belief in a divine being or afterlife.
    • It's often viewed as an attitude toward life rather than a religion.

    Master Kung (Confucius)

    • Born around 551 BCE in China during a time of great political upheaval and instability.
    • His family, once members of the aristocracy, had lost their wealth and position of power during this time.

    Confucius' Beliefs

    • He believed that society could only succeed with righteous governance and rulers living by a strict moral code, emphasizing virtues like humility, loyalty, and diligence.
    • He stressed the importance of filial piety, or deep respect of elders and ancestors.
    • He taught that a successful society must uphold the five key relationships: ruler to subject, father to son, husband to wife, elder to younger, and friend to friend.

    Jen (Ren)

    • Jen is the Confucian principle of seeking the good of others.
    • It's a key principle that stems from the importance of relationships in Confucianism.

    Spread of Confucianism

    • Confucius hoped to hold a high government position to influence feudal lords or a king and implement his beliefs.
    • He spent over a decade traveling, sharing his teachings with common people, and amassing disciples.
    • After his death, the Analects were compiled, and his teachings spread throughout China and the world, largely thanks to Mencius, a zealous disciple and promoter of Confucianism.

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    Description

    Explore the founding of Confucianism, its teachings, and the debate over its classification as a philosophy or religion. Learn about the Analects and the life of Master Kung.

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