Questions and Answers
What is the name of the collection of Confucius' teachings that provides the most authentic materials on the founding of Confucianism?
Why do many people consider Confucianism more as an attitude toward life rather than a religion?
What was the main concern of Confucius during his lifetime?
What was the likely occupation of Confucius' family before they lost their wealth and position of power?
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What was Confucius' belief about how society could succeed?
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What was the approximate year of Confucius' birth?
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What concept did Confucius emphasize as key to resolving the problems of his society?
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What is a key virtue that rulers must hold, according to Confucianism?
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What is the term for the deep respect of elders and ancestors in Confucianism?
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What are the five key relationships in Confucianism, according to Master Kung?
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What is the main principle of Confucianism known as?
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Why did Confucius want to hold a high government position?
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What did Confucius do when no one in power would listen to his teachings?
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What was compiled after Confucius' death?
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Who was instrumental in spreading Confucianism throughout China and the world?
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Study Notes
Founding of Confucianism
- Confucianism's founding details are disputed among historians, with the most authentic materials found in the Analects, a collection of Confucius' teachings.
Definition of Confucianism
- Confucianism is a philosophy or religion based on Master Kung's teachings, with no solid belief in a divine being or afterlife.
- It's often viewed as an attitude toward life rather than a religion.
Master Kung (Confucius)
- Born around 551 BCE in China during a time of great political upheaval and instability.
- His family, once members of the aristocracy, had lost their wealth and position of power during this time.
Confucius' Beliefs
- He believed that society could only succeed with righteous governance and rulers living by a strict moral code, emphasizing virtues like humility, loyalty, and diligence.
- He stressed the importance of filial piety, or deep respect of elders and ancestors.
- He taught that a successful society must uphold the five key relationships: ruler to subject, father to son, husband to wife, elder to younger, and friend to friend.
Jen (Ren)
- Jen is the Confucian principle of seeking the good of others.
- It's a key principle that stems from the importance of relationships in Confucianism.
Spread of Confucianism
- Confucius hoped to hold a high government position to influence feudal lords or a king and implement his beliefs.
- He spent over a decade traveling, sharing his teachings with common people, and amassing disciples.
- After his death, the Analects were compiled, and his teachings spread throughout China and the world, largely thanks to Mencius, a zealous disciple and promoter of Confucianism.
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Description
Explore the founding of Confucianism, its teachings, and the debate over its classification as a philosophy or religion. Learn about the Analects and the life of Master Kung.
