Conflict Theory Overview

Study Notes

Founded by Karl Marx, a German philosopher and economist, conflict theory emerged in the 19th and 20th centuries
Focuses on power struggles and inequalities between different social groups
Views society as inherently conflicting, with groups vying for control and resources

Emphasized the conflict between the bourgeoisie (wealthy capitalists) and the proletariat (working class)
Argued that the bourgeoisie exploit the proletariat by paying them low wages while reaping profits from their labor
Believed that this conflict would eventually lead to a socialist revolution, where the proletariat would overthrow the bourgeoisie and create a classless society
Used the analogy of the "little house" and the "palace" to illustrate how even small inequalities can create a sense of social injustice.
Famous examples of the class conflict in action include the Marikana massacre and the #FeesMustFall protests

Agreed with Marx on the existence of social conflict but expanded the analysis to include other forms of inequality beyond just class
Identified three main sources of conflict: economic, social, and political
He argued that social conflict exists in various aspects of society, like politics, gender, religion, and education
Criticized Marx for focusing solely on economic determinism and ignoring other fundamental aspects of social difference

Further developed conflict theory by focusing on the role of power and social structures
Argued that the elite control social institutions and maintain their privileged position by disregarding the interests of the non-elite
Used the term "power elite" to describe those who hold power in society

Recognizes the role of families in perpetuating social inequality and maintaining the status quo
Argues that families, particularly wealthy families, maintain their privileged positions through inheritance and social advantage
Acknowledges the inherent conflicts within families due to their power dynamics and heteropatriarchal structure