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Questions and Answers
What is a compound whose solutions will not conduct current called?
What is a compound whose solutions will not conduct current called?
- Weak base
- Electrolyte
- Non-electrolyte (correct)
- Strong acid
A strong acid is a type of non-electrolyte.
A strong acid is a type of non-electrolyte.
False (B)
What is the effect of 1 mol of strong electrolyte on the freezing point of a pure solvent?
What is the effect of 1 mol of strong electrolyte on the freezing point of a pure solvent?
It has a greater effect than 1 mol of non-electrolyte.
An electrochemical cell is a device that can generate ____________________ energy from the chemical reactions occurring in it.
An electrochemical cell is a device that can generate ____________________ energy from the chemical reactions occurring in it.
What is the primary difference between a strong electrolyte and a weak electrolyte?
What is the primary difference between a strong electrolyte and a weak electrolyte?
Galvanic cells are also known as voltaic cells.
Galvanic cells are also known as voltaic cells.
Match the type of electrolyte with its characteristic:
Match the type of electrolyte with its characteristic:
What is the purpose of an electrochemical cell?
What is the purpose of an electrochemical cell?
What is the primary concern of electrochemistry?
What is the primary concern of electrochemistry?
A non-electrolyte is a substance whose solution conducts electricity.
A non-electrolyte is a substance whose solution conducts electricity.
What is the outcome of the reaction between a clean copper wire and a colorless solution of silver nitrate?
What is the outcome of the reaction between a clean copper wire and a colorless solution of silver nitrate?
The ability of solutions to conduct electrical current depends directly on the number of _______________________ present in the solution.
The ability of solutions to conduct electrical current depends directly on the number of _______________________ present in the solution.
What is the process of separation of ions from an electrovalent compound by the action of a solvent?
What is the process of separation of ions from an electrovalent compound by the action of a solvent?
Strong electrolytes are substances that produce relatively few ions when dissolved in water.
Strong electrolytes are substances that produce relatively few ions when dissolved in water.
Match the following processes with their definitions:
Match the following processes with their definitions:
What is the percentage of purity of electrically refined copper?
What is the percentage of purity of electrically refined copper?
Aluminum is extracted from the mineral bauxite through electrolysis.
Aluminum is extracted from the mineral bauxite through electrolysis.
What is the purpose of adding cryolite in the extraction of aluminum?
What is the purpose of adding cryolite in the extraction of aluminum?
The electrolysis of aqueous sodium chloride produces three industrially significant products: ___, ___, and ___.
The electrolysis of aqueous sodium chloride produces three industrially significant products: ___, ___, and ___.
What is the primary factor that affects the service life of a battery?
What is the primary factor that affects the service life of a battery?
A primary battery is rechargeable.
A primary battery is rechargeable.
What is the function of the separator in a battery?
What is the function of the separator in a battery?
Match the following battery types with their characteristics:
Match the following battery types with their characteristics:
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Study Notes
Electrolytes and Non-Electrolytes
- Electrolyte: a substance whose solution conducts electricity
- Non-electrolyte: a substance whose solution does not conduct electricity
- Examples of strong electrolytes: strong acids, strong bases, and soluble salts
- Examples of weak electrolytes: weak acids and weak bases
- Non-electrolytes: compounds other than acids, bases, and salts
Colligative Properties of Solutions
- Effect on freezing point of pure solvents: 1 mol non-electrolyte = 1 mol of any other non-electrolyte, 1 mol strong electrolyte > 1 mol non-electrolyte
- Effect on boiling point of pure solvents: 1 mol electrolyte > 1 mol non-electrolyte
Electrochemical Cells
- Definition: a device that can generate electrical energy from chemical reactions or use electrical energy to facilitate chemical reactions
- Two types of electrochemical cells: electrolytic cell and galvanic cell (or voltaic cell)
- Electrolytic cell: converts electrical energy into chemical energy
- Galvanic cell (or voltaic cell): converts chemical energy into electrical energy
Electrolysis
- Definition: the process of using electrical energy to facilitate chemical reactions
- Applications: extraction of metals (e.g., aluminum), manufacture of other elements and compounds (e.g., chlorine, hydrogen, sodium hydroxide)
Batteries
- Definition: a device that converts chemical energy into electrical energy
- Service life: the number of operating hours during which a battery operates under normal conditions
- Factors affecting service life: quality of battery, temperature during storage, rate of discharge, length of storage time, temperature during discharge, number and duration of on and off periods
- Essential parts of a battery: electrodes, electrolyte, separator, and container
- Classification of batteries: primary (non-rechargeable) and secondary (rechargeable)
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