23 Questions
What is a compound whose solutions will not conduct current called?
Non-electrolyte
A strong acid is a type of non-electrolyte.
False
What is the effect of 1 mol of strong electrolyte on the freezing point of a pure solvent?
It has a greater effect than 1 mol of non-electrolyte.
An electrochemical cell is a device that can generate ____________________ energy from the chemical reactions occurring in it.
electrical
What is the primary difference between a strong electrolyte and a weak electrolyte?
One is 100% ionized and the other is slightly ionized.
Galvanic cells are also known as voltaic cells.
True
Match the type of electrolyte with its characteristic:
Strong electrolyte = 100% ionized Weak electrolyte = Slightly ionized Non-electrolyte = Does not conduct electricity Electrolytic cell = Used to generate electrical energy
What is the purpose of an electrochemical cell?
It can generate electrical energy from chemical reactions or use electrical energy to facilitate chemical reactions.
What is the primary concern of electrochemistry?
The interchange of chemical and electrical energy
A non-electrolyte is a substance whose solution conducts electricity.
False
What is the outcome of the reaction between a clean copper wire and a colorless solution of silver nitrate?
Silver metal deposits on the copper wire, and the solution turns blue.
The ability of solutions to conduct electrical current depends directly on the number of _______________________ present in the solution.
ions
What is the process of separation of ions from an electrovalent compound by the action of a solvent?
Dissociation
Strong electrolytes are substances that produce relatively few ions when dissolved in water.
False
Match the following processes with their definitions:
Electrolysis = The generation of chemical change from an electric current Redox reaction = The interchange of chemical and electrical energy Dissociation = The formation of ions from a polar covalent compound Ionization = The separation of ions from an electrovalent compound
What is the percentage of purity of electrically refined copper?
99.99%
Aluminum is extracted from the mineral bauxite through electrolysis.
True
What is the purpose of adding cryolite in the extraction of aluminum?
To lower the melting point and dissolve the ore
The electrolysis of aqueous sodium chloride produces three industrially significant products: ___, ___, and ___.
hydrogen, chlorine, sodium hydroxide
What is the primary factor that affects the service life of a battery?
All of the above
A primary battery is rechargeable.
False
What is the function of the separator in a battery?
To physically separate the anode from the cathode but permit ions to pass through.
Match the following battery types with their characteristics:
Primary = Non-rechargeable Secondary = Rechargeable
Study Notes
Electrolytes and Non-Electrolytes
- Electrolyte: a substance whose solution conducts electricity
- Non-electrolyte: a substance whose solution does not conduct electricity
- Examples of strong electrolytes: strong acids, strong bases, and soluble salts
- Examples of weak electrolytes: weak acids and weak bases
- Non-electrolytes: compounds other than acids, bases, and salts
Colligative Properties of Solutions
- Effect on freezing point of pure solvents: 1 mol non-electrolyte = 1 mol of any other non-electrolyte, 1 mol strong electrolyte > 1 mol non-electrolyte
- Effect on boiling point of pure solvents: 1 mol electrolyte > 1 mol non-electrolyte
Electrochemical Cells
- Definition: a device that can generate electrical energy from chemical reactions or use electrical energy to facilitate chemical reactions
- Two types of electrochemical cells: electrolytic cell and galvanic cell (or voltaic cell)
- Electrolytic cell: converts electrical energy into chemical energy
- Galvanic cell (or voltaic cell): converts chemical energy into electrical energy
Electrolysis
- Definition: the process of using electrical energy to facilitate chemical reactions
- Applications: extraction of metals (e.g., aluminum), manufacture of other elements and compounds (e.g., chlorine, hydrogen, sodium hydroxide)
Batteries
- Definition: a device that converts chemical energy into electrical energy
- Service life: the number of operating hours during which a battery operates under normal conditions
- Factors affecting service life: quality of battery, temperature during storage, rate of discharge, length of storage time, temperature during discharge, number and duration of on and off periods
- Essential parts of a battery: electrodes, electrolyte, separator, and container
- Classification of batteries: primary (non-rechargeable) and secondary (rechargeable)
This quiz covers the basics of conductors of electricity, ionization, and dissociation in solutions. It includes examples of strong acids and bases.
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