Conditional Structures in English

What type of conditional is used to describe universal truths or scientific facts?

In the first conditional, what tense is used in the main clause?

What type of conditional is used to talk about unreal or hypothetical situations and their consequences?

In the third conditional, what tense is used in the if-clause?

What type of conditional is used to talk about hypothetical past situations and their present consequences?

What type of conditional is used to express regret or talk about past opportunities that were missed?

The ______ conditional is used to describe universal truths or scientific facts.

If you heat ice, it ______.

If I won the lottery, I ______ buy a house.

The ______ conditional is used to talk about likely or possible future situations and their consequences.

If I had studied harder, I ______ have passed the exam.

The ______ conditional is used to talk about the present consequences of a hypothetical past action.

Conditional Structures in English

Zero Conditional

Used to describe universal truths or scientific facts
If-clause: present simple
Main clause: present simple
Example: If you heat ice, it melts.

First Conditional

Used to talk about likely or possible future events
If-clause: present simple
Main clause: future simple
Example: If it rains, I will take an umbrella.
Used to express plans, intentions, or predictions about the future

Second Conditional

Used to talk about unreal or hypothetical situations and their consequences
If-clause: past simple
Main clause: would + base form of the verb
Example: If I won the lottery, I would buy a house.
Used to express impossible or unlikely situations and their consequences

Third Conditional

Used to talk about past hypothetical situations and their consequences
If-clause: past perfect
Main clause: would have + past participle
Example: If I had studied harder, I would have passed the exam.
Used to express regret or talk about past opportunities that were missed

Mixed Conditionals

Used to talk about hypothetical past situations and their present consequences
If-clause: past simple or past perfect
Main clause: would + base form of the verb or would have + past participle
Example: If I had studied harder (past), I would be a doctor now (present).
Used to express regret or talk about past decisions and their present consequences

Understand the different types of conditional structures in English, including zero, first, and second conditional, and learn how to use them correctly.