Conditional Statements (`if`, `else`)

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary purpose of control structures in programming?

To determine the order in which statements are executed. (correct)
To create user interfaces.
To manage memory allocation.
To define the data types used in a program.

What keyword is used to begin an `if` statement?

`if` (correct)
`for`
`then`
`while`

In an `if...else` statement, what happens if the condition in the `if` statement is false?

The code block in the `if` statement is executed.
The code block in the `else` statement is executed. (correct)
The condition is re-evaluated.
The program terminates.

What is the purpose of the `switch` statement?

To perform different actions based on different conditions. (B)

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What keyword is typically used to exit a `case` within a `switch` statement?

<code>break</code> (B)

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In a `switch` statement, what happens if none of the `case` values match the expression?

The <code>default</code> block is executed, if it exists. (A)

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What is a 'loop' in programming?

A structure that executes a block of code repeatedly. (B)

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Which loop type evaluates the condition before executing the loop's code?

<code>while</code> loop (C)

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Which loop type evaluates the condition after executing the loop's code?

<code>do...while</code> loop (D)

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In a `for` loop, what is the purpose of the 'initializer'?

To set the initial value of a loop counter variable. (C)

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What is the purpose of the 'condition' in a `for` loop?

To determine whether the loop should continue executing. (D)

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What is the 'modifier' in a `for` loop used for?

To change a value in the test condition. (C)

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What does the `break` keyword do inside a loop?

It exits the loop entirely. (A)

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What does the `continue` keyword do inside a loop?

It skips the rest of the current iteration and continues with the next. (D)

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Which keyword is used to skip a single iteration of a loop?

<code>continue</code> (D)

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Control structures determine the execution flow of a program.

True (A)

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Control structures prevent conditional execution and looping.

False (B)

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The `if` statement executes code if the given condition is true.

True (A)

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In an `if...else` statement, if the condition is false, the code in the `if` block still executes.

False (B)

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A `switch` statement can perform different actions based on different conditions.

True (A)

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In a `switch` statement, the `default` case is executed when no other case matches.

True (A)

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In a `switch` statement, omitting the `break` statement will prevent the next case from being executed.

False (B)

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A `for` loop does not require an initializer, condition, or modifier.

False (B)

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A `for` loop's condition is checked before each iteration.

True (A)

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A `while` loop continues executing as long as its condition remains false.

False (B)

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`while` loops and `for` loops are post-test loops.

False (B)

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A `do...while` loop always executes its code block at least once.

True (A)

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The `break` keyword is used to start the next iteration of a loop.

False (B)

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The `continue` keyword skips the subsequent code after it in the loop and proceeds to the next iteration.

True (A)

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The conditional test should appear after all other statements to be executed so the loop will end immediately.

False (B)

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Flashcards

What are Control Structures?

Control structures determine the execution flow of a program, allowing conditional execution and looping.

What does the `if` statement do?

The if statement evaluates a condition and executes code only if the condition is true.

What does `else` do in an `if` statement?

Extends the if statement by adding an alternative execution path when the condition is false.

What is a `switch` statement?

A statement that allows multiple branches based on different conditions. It evaluates an expression once and compares its value with multiple case values.

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What does `break` do in a `switch` statement?

Used within a switch statement to prevent fall-through to the next case. It terminates the switch block.

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What is a loop?

A structure that contains a test condition and statements that execute repeatedly as long as the condition is met.

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What is a `for` loop?

A commonly used loop structure with an initializer, condition, and modifier, controlling the number of iterations.

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What is a `while` loop?

Executes code while a condition remains true. The condition is evaluated before code execution.

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What is a `do...while` loop?

A variant of the while loop that executes the code block at least once, before checking the condition.

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What does the `break` keyword do in a loop?

Exits a loop when a specified condition is encountered.

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What does the `continue` keyword do in a loop?

Skips a single iteration of a loop when a specified condition occurs, continuing with the next iteration.

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What does `else if` do?

Adds multiple conditional tests in an if statement.

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What happens to the switch expression?

The value of the expression is compared to each case.

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What is the `default` case in a `switch` statement?

If no case matches the expression's value, this block executes.

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What is an iteration?

A single pass through the statements in a loop.

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What is the initializer in a `for` loop?

Sets the initial value of a loop counter variable.

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What is the 'condition' in a `for` loop?

Evaluated before each iteration; loop continues if true, terminates if false.

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What is the 'modifier' in a `for` loop?

Updates a value in the test condition, often incrementing/decrementing a counter.

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What are pre-test loops?

Evaluates the condition before executing statements.

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Study Notes

Control structures determine a program's execution flow, enabling conditional execution and looping
Control structures are important because they enable decision-making and repetitive execution, which is essential for efficient coding and logic building

Branch If

The if statement evaluates a condition
The if statement executes code only if the condition is true

if (condition) { // block of code to be executed if the condition is true }
Example: if (hour < 18) { greeting = "Good day"; }

Branch Alternatives

Extending if with else adds an alternative execution path for when the condition is false
Syntax: if (condition) { // block of code to be executed if the condition is true } else { // block of code to be executed if the condition is false }
Example: if (hour < 18) { greeting = "Good day"; } else { greeting = "Good evening"; }
Multiple branches can be provided by making subsequent conditional if tests at the start of each else statement block
Syntax: if (condition) { // block of code to be executed if the condition is true } else if (condition) { // block of code to be executed if the condition is false }
Example: if (hour < 18) { greeting = "Good day"; } else if (hour < 24) { greeting = "Good evening"; }

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Conditional Statements (`if`, `else`)

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Podcast

Questions and Answers

What is the primary purpose of control structures in programming?

What keyword is used to begin an if statement?

In an if...else statement, what happens if the condition in the if statement is false?

What is the purpose of the switch statement?

What keyword is typically used to exit a case within a switch statement?

In a switch statement, what happens if none of the case values match the expression?

What is a 'loop' in programming?

Which loop type evaluates the condition before executing the loop's code?

Which loop type evaluates the condition after executing the loop's code?

In a for loop, what is the purpose of the 'initializer'?

What is the purpose of the 'condition' in a for loop?

What is the 'modifier' in a for loop used for?

What does the break keyword do inside a loop?

What does the continue keyword do inside a loop?

Which keyword is used to skip a single iteration of a loop?

Control structures determine the execution flow of a program.

Control structures prevent conditional execution and looping.

The if statement executes code if the given condition is true.

In an if...else statement, if the condition is false, the code in the if block still executes.

A switch statement can perform different actions based on different conditions.

In a switch statement, the default case is executed when no other case matches.

In a switch statement, omitting the break statement will prevent the next case from being executed.

A for loop does not require an initializer, condition, or modifier.

A for loop's condition is checked before each iteration.

A while loop continues executing as long as its condition remains false.

while loops and for loops are post-test loops.

A do...while loop always executes its code block at least once.

The break keyword is used to start the next iteration of a loop.

The continue keyword skips the subsequent code after it in the loop and proceeds to the next iteration.

The conditional test should appear after all other statements to be executed so the loop will end immediately.

Flashcards

What are Control Structures?

What does the if statement do?

What does else do in an if statement?

What is a switch statement?

What does break do in a switch statement?

What is a loop?

What is a for loop?

What is a while loop?

What is a do...while loop?

What does the break keyword do in a loop?

What does the continue keyword do in a loop?

What does else if do?

What happens to the switch expression?

What is the default case in a switch statement?

What is an iteration?

What is the initializer in a for loop?

What is the 'condition' in a for loop?

What is the 'modifier' in a for loop?

What are pre-test loops?

Study Notes

Branch If

Branch Alternatives

Studying That Suits You

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What keyword is used to begin an `if` statement?

In an `if...else` statement, what happens if the condition in the `if` statement is false?

What is the purpose of the `switch` statement?

What keyword is typically used to exit a `case` within a `switch` statement?

In a `switch` statement, what happens if none of the `case` values match the expression?

In a `for` loop, what is the purpose of the 'initializer'?

What is the purpose of the 'condition' in a `for` loop?

What is the 'modifier' in a `for` loop used for?

What does the `break` keyword do inside a loop?

What does the `continue` keyword do inside a loop?

The `if` statement executes code if the given condition is true.

In an `if...else` statement, if the condition is false, the code in the `if` block still executes.

A `switch` statement can perform different actions based on different conditions.

In a `switch` statement, the `default` case is executed when no other case matches.

In a `switch` statement, omitting the `break` statement will prevent the next case from being executed.

A `for` loop does not require an initializer, condition, or modifier.

A `for` loop's condition is checked before each iteration.

A `while` loop continues executing as long as its condition remains false.

`while` loops and `for` loops are post-test loops.

A `do...while` loop always executes its code block at least once.

The `break` keyword is used to start the next iteration of a loop.

The `continue` keyword skips the subsequent code after it in the loop and proceeds to the next iteration.

What does the `if` statement do?

What does `else` do in an `if` statement?

What is a `switch` statement?

What does `break` do in a `switch` statement?

What is a `for` loop?

What is a `while` loop?

What is a `do...while` loop?

What does the `break` keyword do in a loop?

What does the `continue` keyword do in a loop?

What does `else if` do?

What is the `default` case in a `switch` statement?

What is the initializer in a `for` loop?

What is the 'condition' in a `for` loop?

What is the 'modifier' in a `for` loop?