Conditional Statements and Loops

• The lab focuses on conditions, if statements, loops and exercises

If Statements

• Evaluates a condition in parentheses
• If the condition is true the code executes inside the 'if' body
• If the condition is false then the code is skipped
• The code enclosed in curly braces is the 'if' statement's body

If Else Statements

• Condition evaluation determines code execution
• When the condition is true, the 'if' body code executes, else body code is skipped
• When the condition is false, the 'else' body code executes, if body code is skipped

If Else If Statements

• If Condition1 is true, Code Block 1 executes.
• If Condition1 is false, Condition2 is evaluated.
• If Condition2 is true, Code Block 2 executes.
• If Condition2 is false, Code Block 3 executes.
• Multiple 'else if' statements are permissible, but there's a limit of one 'if' and 'else' statement

Loops

• These are fundamental programming elements that repeat a code block several times depending on particular conditions
• Loops automate repetitive tasks and iterate through data
• There are different kinds of loops that meet specific needs

For Loops

• These loops are used when you know how many times a code block needs to be repeated
• The Syntax is: for (initialization; condition; update){}
• Instructions are repeated as long as the condition is satisfied

While Loops

• These loops repeat code blocks as long as a condition persists as true
• They are ideal when repetition count is undetermined
• The Syntax is:

//initialization
while (condition)
{
//instructions to be repeated as long as condition is satisfied.
//update
}

Do While Loops

• These execute a code block once before condition checking
• Helpful when initial code execution is needed, such as prompting user input for validation
• The Syntax is:

//initialization
do {
//instructions to be repeated as long as condition is satisfied.
//update
} while (condition);

Exercises

• Write an if statement to increase pay by 3% if score > 90, else increase by 1%
• Identify the output of given code snippets with number = 30, and with number = 35
• Create a program that takes user input for weight (pounds) and height (inches), then compute BMI
• Create a basic calculator using 'if' statements for +, -, /, *
• Create a program determining the biggest value out of 3 given numbers utilizing a nested if/else construction
• Create a program that computes the sum of values between 1 and 100
• Create a program that asks the user to provide a number value(n), which determines the number of elements the user will enter
• Develop a program where the user inputs numbers until the number is greater than 15, then displays the sum of the numbers