Concerns about Falling in Older Adults

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What does the text emphasize about falls in older adults?

They are mostly harmless and not related to other syndromes
They are only common in community settings
They may indicate underlying medical conditions (correct)
They are always a sign of frailty

What should clinicians consider when choosing assessments for falls in older adults?

The clinical characteristics, setting, and resources available (correct)
The cost and equipment availability only
The location and time of the fall
The age and gender of the older adult

What is the strong recommendation regarding the perspective of the older adult in falls risk assessment?

To only focus on the goals and priorities of the older adult
Not to consider the older adult's perspective at all
To ignore the attitudes to activities, independence, and risk
To inquire about the perceptions, causes, future risk, and prevention of falls (correct)

What does the text recommend clinicians to consider regarding falls in older adults who live with frailty?

The presence of delirium accompanied by pneumonia (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is emphasized as important for some individuals regarding the management of conditions associated with falls in older adults?

The willingness and capability of older adults to inform decision making on potential interventions (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is recommended as part of a multifactorial falls risk assessment according to expert recommendation?

To consider the goals and priorities; attitudes to activities, independence, and risk (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a structured assessment of gait by a trained clinician?

To identify the risk of falls in older adults (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which tool is recommended for identifying drugs that increase the risk of falls in older adults?

STOPPFall (B) Signup and view all the answers

Why is assessment of cognition included as part of a multifactorial falls risk assessment in older adults?

Because dementia and mild cognitive impairment double the risk of falls and falls-related injuries (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using a standardized instrument like the Falls Efficacy Scale International (FES-I) in community-dwelling older adults?

To evaluate concerns about falling (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which initiative has listed potential fall risk increasing drugs (FRIDs)?

Centre for Disease Control and Prevention’s STEADI initiative (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main focus of a medication review targeted to falls prevention?

Optimizing deprescribing of FRIDs (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the rationale for including concerns about falling as part of a comprehensive fall assessment?

To measure an older adult's perceptions about the falls they have experienced (D) Signup and view all the answers

What evidence supports the use of the Falls Efficacy Scale International (FES-I) and Short Falls Efficacy Scale International (Short FES-I) in older adults living in the community?

Strong to moderate evidence from a recent systematic review and meta-analysis of 59 studies (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between concerns about falling, fear of falling, and self-efficacy according to recent models?

They are linked together, with self-efficacy being the most influential (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the advantage of using the term 'concerns about falling' instead of 'fear of falling'?

It is less intense and emotional, making it more socially acceptable for older adults to disclose (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is recommended for clinicians regarding cardiovascular assessment as part of a multifactorial falls risk assessment?

Perform a cardiovascular assessment only if syncope is suspected (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is recommended for further cardiovascular assessment in the absence of abnormalities on initial cardiovascular assessment?

No further cardiovascular assessment is required (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended referral for individuals suspected to have orthostatic hypotension that is not detected using traditional methods?

Referral for beat-to-beat orthostatic measurement (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common cause of orthostatic hypotension in older adults?

Dehydration (C) Signup and view all the answers

When is short-term 24-48 hours cardiac rhythm monitoring indicated?

If events occur daily (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the vestibular system in relation to falls in older adults?

It plays a key role in the control of posture and gait (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is recommended to identify cases of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo from non-cases in older adults?

Dix-Hallpike test and Head Impulse Test (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is recommended as part of a multifactorial falls risk assessment for older adults?

Enquire about vision impairment and measure visual acuity (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the third most common chronic condition in older adults?

Visual acuity (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is a possible explanation for the association between hearing loss and falls in older adults?

Reduction in cognitive capacity for maintaining balance (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended approach to preventing falls in older adults with delirium, dementia, and cognitive impairment?

Delivering evidence-based, person-centered care (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which sensory screening should not be limited to measurement of visual acuity only?

Contrast sensitivity and depth perception screening (D) Signup and view all the answers

What can help to differentiate between stress, urge, and mixed types of urinary incontinence?

$3IQ$ screening questions (B) Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of people aged 70 years or older have a visual acuity of less than $6/12$?

$20rac{1}{2}%$ (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential benefit of enhancing accessibility to hearing and visual assessments in LMIC?

Emphasized benefit of falls prevention (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which multidomain strategies have been shown to reduce the risk of delirium?

$2D$ printing, vision and hearing, and fluid management (B) Signup and view all the answers

What has been associated with a 1.2-fold increased risk of falls?

$3IQ$ screening questions (D) Signup and view all the answers

What can help differentiate between stress, urge, and mixed types of urinary incontinence?

The $3IQ$ screening questions (D) Signup and view all the answers