Questions and Answers
What was the initial way primitive man explained natural phenomena?
In which century did scientific thought begin to take shape?
Which type of knowledge is based on direct experience and senses?
What is the main purpose of science?
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Which knowledge type relies on beliefs and faith from sacred sources?
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Which type of science includes mathematics and logic?
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What kind of knowledge questions and offers explanations using reason?
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Which type of knowledge has a higher degree of generality than intuitive but lacks a study method?
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What distinguishes empirical sciences from formal sciences?
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Knowledge that is classified as comprehension of nature phenomena falls under which category?
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What is a key characteristic of experimental sciences?
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Which of the following represents the youngest field of study according to the provided content?
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Why is knowledge from social sciences often harder to obtain?
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Which steps are involved in the scientific method?
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What is the primary object of study for social sciences?
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Which statement best describes formal sciences?
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Study Notes
Conceptualization of Social Sciences
- The quest for knowledge began with primitive man trying to explain natural phenomena, attributing them to magical powers and divine will due to limited understanding.
- Development of knowledge advanced through fields like mathematics, medicine, and astronomy; the 19th century marked the emergence of scientific thought.
- Social sciences are relatively young, having developed significantly in the last 200 years.
Types of Knowledge
- Intuitive Knowledge: Acquired through senses and direct experiences; not subject to doubt.
- Empirical Knowledge: Based on experiences, it does not follow a strict methodology and is often shaped by social beliefs.
- Magic Religious Knowledge: Derived from beliefs or faith in authoritative sources such as scriptures or prophets, accepted without questioning.
- Philosophical Knowledge: Involves reflective thought, seeks to use reason to understand concepts and categories, and continuously questions existing knowledge.
- Scientific Knowledge: Utilizes organized methodologies and the scientific method to seek laws and principles explaining natural phenomena.
Definition and Classification of Science
- Science: Derived from Latin "scientia," meaning knowledge; defined as a systematic body of knowledge justifiable by rational or verifiable evidence.
- Purpose of Science: To expand human knowledge across various fields related to nature, society, and thought.
- Classification of Science: Divided into formal (mathematics, logic) studying abstract concepts and relationships, and empirical sciences studying observable facts.
Experimental vs. Social Sciences
- Experimental Sciences: Focus on natural facts that can be measured and reproduced; characterized by rigorous methodologies and controlled conditions.
- Scientific Method: Involves defining problems, formulating hypotheses, collecting data, analyzing findings, and drawing conclusions.
- Social Sciences: Centered on human behavior and societal dynamics; lack of controlled experimental conditions makes hypotheses harder to validate fully.
- Knowledge in social sciences is often derived using diverse methods, including historical analysis, but is more challenging to obtain compared to natural sciences.
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Description
Explore the evolution of human thought in understanding the world. From primitive explanations rooted in magic and the will of the gods to the development of knowledge in the social sciences, this quiz covers key concepts and ideas. Test your understanding of how these ideas have shaped human civilization.
