Questions and Answers
According to Feliciano R. Fajardo, what is the difference between 'pagsulong' and 'pag-unlad'?
Pagsulong is the result of development, while pag-unlad is the development process itself.
What are examples of 'pagsulong' as mentioned by Fajardo?
New agricultural practices resulting in increased harvest
According to Amartya Sen in 'Development as Freedom', what is necessary to achieve development?
Improving people's quality of life over just economic wealth
In the context of development, what does 'pag-unlad' aim to achieve?
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How do Todaro and Smith define the traditional and modern concepts of development?
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Why did the UNCTAD report in 2012 find that developing countries attracted more foreign direct investment (FDI) than developed countries?
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What should 'pag-unlad' continue to create beyond tangible infrastructure according to Fajardo?
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What is one potential negative impact of a significant influx of foreign investors into a developing country?
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How does the reliance on natural resources like oil impact the long-term sustainability of a country's economy?
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Why does Fajardo describe 'pagsulong' as the result of 'pag-unlad'?
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What is a key difference between the traditional and modern views of development discussed in the text?
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Why might a country experience progress without development, as mentioned in the text?
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Study Notes
Concept of Development
- Development can be viewed as a process of continuous improvement in the standard of living, leading to an increase in per capita income.
- It involves not only economic growth but also social transformation, addressing various needs and aspirations of people and groups within a society.
Traditional and Modern Views of Development
- The traditional view of development focuses on economic growth, measured by an increase in income per capita.
- The modern view, however, emphasizes the need for broader social change, addressing issues like poverty, discrimination, and inequality.
Freedom and Development
- According to Amartya Sen's book "Development as Freedom" (2008), development can only be achieved when human freedom is enhanced, not just economic growth.
- This requires addressing the roots of unfreedom, such as poverty, discrimination, and inequality.
Progress vs. Development
- Progress refers to the visible outcomes of development, such as modern buildings and infrastructure.
- Development is the process that leads to these outcomes, involving improving human well-being and freedoms.
Importance of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI)
- FDI can contribute to rapid economic growth and progress in developing countries.
- However, it is essential to address the underlying issues of poverty, lack of education, and poor health standards that still persist in these countries.
Natural Resources and Economic Growth
- Natural resources, such as oil, can significantly contribute to economic growth in countries.
- Examples of countries that have experienced rapid economic growth due to their natural resources include UAE, Qatar, and Saudi Arabia.
Concept of Development according to Fajardo
- Development is a progressive and active process of improving the human condition.
- Progress is the outcome of this process, manifested in visible signs like roads, vehicles, buildings, and other infrastructure.
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