Concept of Progress and Development
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Questions and Answers

According to Feliciano R. Fajardo, what is the difference between 'pagsulong' and 'pag-unlad'?

  • Pagsulong is about worsening conditions, while pag-unlad is about improving conditions.
  • Pagsulong is the result of development, while pag-unlad is the development process itself. (correct)
  • Pagsulong is a regressive process, while pag-unlad is a progressive process.
  • Pagsulong is static and unmeasurable, while pag-unlad is dynamic and measurable.

    • What are examples of 'pagsulong' as mentioned by Fajardo?

  • Improved living conditions
  • New agricultural practices resulting in increased harvest (correct)
  • Roads and vehicles
  • Hospitals and banks

    • According to Amartya Sen in 'Development as Freedom', what is necessary to achieve development?

  • Increasing the country's GDP
  • Attracting foreign direct investment
  • Improving people's quality of life over just economic wealth (correct)
  • Building modern infrastructure

    • In the context of development, what does 'pag-unlad' aim to achieve?

    <p>Improving human conditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do Todaro and Smith define the traditional and modern concepts of development?

    <p>The traditional view focuses on poverty reduction, while the modern view emphasizes economic growth.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why did the UNCTAD report in 2012 find that developing countries attracted more foreign direct investment (FDI) than developed countries?

    <p>Lower labor costs in developing countries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should 'pag-unlad' continue to create beyond tangible infrastructure according to Fajardo?

    <p>Better living conditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one potential negative impact of a significant influx of foreign investors into a developing country?

    <p>Outflow of profits from the country</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the reliance on natural resources like oil impact the long-term sustainability of a country's economy?

    <p>Makes the economy too dependent on a volatile resource</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why does Fajardo describe 'pagsulong' as the result of 'pag-unlad'?

    <p>To highlight the interrelated nature of progress and development</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key difference between the traditional and modern views of development discussed in the text?

    <p>Modern view emphasizes economic growth, while traditional view focuses on social change</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why might a country experience progress without development, as mentioned in the text?

    <p>Dependence on foreign aid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Concept of Development

    • Development can be viewed as a process of continuous improvement in the standard of living, leading to an increase in per capita income.
    • It involves not only economic growth but also social transformation, addressing various needs and aspirations of people and groups within a society.

    Traditional and Modern Views of Development

    • The traditional view of development focuses on economic growth, measured by an increase in income per capita.
    • The modern view, however, emphasizes the need for broader social change, addressing issues like poverty, discrimination, and inequality.

    Freedom and Development

    • According to Amartya Sen's book "Development as Freedom" (2008), development can only be achieved when human freedom is enhanced, not just economic growth.
    • This requires addressing the roots of unfreedom, such as poverty, discrimination, and inequality.

    Progress vs. Development

    • Progress refers to the visible outcomes of development, such as modern buildings and infrastructure.
    • Development is the process that leads to these outcomes, involving improving human well-being and freedoms.

    Importance of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI)

    • FDI can contribute to rapid economic growth and progress in developing countries.
    • However, it is essential to address the underlying issues of poverty, lack of education, and poor health standards that still persist in these countries.

    Natural Resources and Economic Growth

    • Natural resources, such as oil, can significantly contribute to economic growth in countries.
    • Examples of countries that have experienced rapid economic growth due to their natural resources include UAE, Qatar, and Saudi Arabia.

    Concept of Development according to Fajardo

    • Development is a progressive and active process of improving the human condition.
    • Progress is the outcome of this process, manifested in visible signs like roads, vehicles, buildings, and other infrastructure.

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    Description

    Explore the distinction between progress and development based on the definitions provided by Merriam-Webster and Feliciano R. Fajardo. Understand how progress is a result of the active process of development.

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