Questions and Answers
Who claimed that the concept of man should be comprehensively defined?
Fawcett
What is considered a primary foundational component in nursing?
Person
Which term best describes humanity's relation to subjectivity according to Simone de Beauvoir?
Permanent isolation
In what way does humanity, according to the text, relate to different types of culture?
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Which element is included in the metaparadigm of nursing, as mentioned in the text?
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What should be defined comprehensively in the concept of man?
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What does the text suggest about the nature of humanity's link to different cultures?
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What aspect does Simone de Beauvoir associate with humanity's spiritual nature?
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Which term best describes the multitude of types of humanity and culture according to the text?
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What is a highlighted role attributed to nursing care in the text?
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Study Notes
Concept of Man
- Husserl: Man is a rope stretched between the animal and the Superman, a rope over an abyss.
- Nietzsche: Man is a rope stretched between the animal and the Superman, a rope over an abyss.
- Merleau-Ponty: Man is a historical idea and not a natural kind.
- Sartre: Man is nothing else than his plan, it exists only insofar as it is realized, so it is nothing but the whole.
- Pascal: Man is a reed, the weakest of nature, but it is a thinking reed.
Concept of Man and Society
- Man is a product of discursive formations and of the sociopolitical contingencies of the various epochs of human history.
- The concept of “man” is beyond grammar and logic.
- Man is an invention of society.
- Man is patterned after the gods, but the wrong gods.
- Man is not fashioned out of marbles but from clay.
Limits of Man
- The limits of man also make his existence a possibility.
- Hence, our finitude is both contingent and fundamental.
Factors Affecting Health and Illness
- Family history of disease (DM) is a risk factor for developing the disease later in life.
- Age increases or decreases susceptibility to certain diseases (e.g., heart disease, birth defects).
- Physical environment can increase the likelihood of certain diseases.
- Lifestyle habits, activities, and practices involve risk factors (e.g., tobacco, drugs, stress).
Classification of Diseases
- Etiologic causes: hereditary, allergic, congenital, metabolic, neoplastic, idiopathic, deficiency, degenerative, traumatic, iatrogenic.
- Duration or onset: acute, sub-acute, chronic, remission, exacerbation.
Disease Classification
- Organic, functional, occupational, familial, venereal, epidemic, endemic, pandemic, sporadic.
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