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Questions and Answers
What is the range of distance of the object from a concave mirror with a focal length of 15 cm to obtain an erect image?
In which situation is a concave mirror typically used?
If one-half of a convex lens is covered with black paper, will this lens produce a complete image of the object?
What does a magnification of +1 by a plane mirror mean?
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For a concave lens with a focal length of 15 cm, if an image is formed 10 cm from the lens, how far is the object placed?
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If an object is placed 10 cm from a convex mirror with a focal length of 15 cm, what is the position of the image?
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When an object 5.0 cm in length is placed at 20 cm in front of a convex mirror with a radius of curvature 30 cm, what is the size of the image formed?
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If an object of size 7.0 cm is placed at 27 cm in front of a concave mirror with a focal length of 18 cm, what is the nature of the image formed?
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What is the nature of the image formed by a concave mirror if an object is held at its focus?
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In a converging lens, if an object 5 cm in length is held 25 cm away from it, what is the position and nature of the image formed?
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Study Notes
Spherical Mirrors
- Rays parallel to the principal axis, falling on a concave mirror, intersect at a point on the principal axis, called the principal focus (F).
- Rays parallel to the principal axis, reflected by a convex mirror, appear to come from a point on the principal axis, also called the principal focus (F).
- The distance between the pole and the principal focus of a spherical mirror is called the focal length (f).
- The reflecting surface of a spherical mirror is spherical, with a circular outline, and the diameter of the reflecting surface is called its aperture.
- For spherical mirrors of small apertures, the radius of curvature (R) is equal to twice the focal length (f), i.e., R = 2f.
Image Formation by Spherical Mirrors
- Image formation by a concave mirror can be located for different positions of the object.
- The images formed by a concave mirror can be real or virtual, enlarged, diminished, or have the same size.
- The focal length of a concave mirror can be determined by measuring the distance of the image from the mirror.
Image Formation by Concave Mirrors
- To obtain an erect image of an object using a concave mirror, the object should be placed within the focal length of the mirror.
- The image formed is virtual and erect, and smaller than the object.
- A ray diagram can be used to show the image formation in this case.
Types of Mirrors
- Concave mirrors are used in headlights of a car to produce a parallel beam of light.
- Convex mirrors are used in side/rear-view mirrors of a vehicle to provide a wide-angle view.
- Concave mirrors are used in solar furnaces to focus sunlight.
Convex Lenses
- One-half of a convex lens covered with a black paper can still produce a complete image of the object.
- The image formed by a convex lens can be real, inverted, and larger or smaller than the object, depending on the object's position and the lens's focal length.
Image Formation by Concave Lenses
- A concave lens of focal length 15 cm forms an image 10 cm from the lens, and the object is placed at a distance of 30 cm from the lens.
- A ray diagram can be used to show the image formation in this case.
Image Formation by Convex Mirrors
- An object placed at a distance of 10 cm from a convex mirror of focal length 15 cm forms a virtual image 6 cm from the mirror.
- The image is erect and smaller than the object.
Magnification
- The magnification produced by a plane mirror is +1, meaning the image is the same size as the object.
- The magnification produced by a convex mirror can be calculated using the formula: magnification = -f / (d - f), where d is the distance of the object from the mirror.
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Description
Learn how rays parallel to the principal axis are reflected by concave and convex mirrors. Understand how the reflected rays converge at a point known as the principal focus of the mirror. Explore the concept through detailed diagrams.
