Computing Fundamentals Quiz

CPU (Central Processing Unit): Executes instructions and manages the processing of data.
RAM (Random Access Memory): Volatile memory used for temporarily storing data and instructions while the computer is running.
Hard Drive (HDD): Non-volatile storage device using magnetic disks for data storage. Unlike SSDs, they are slower.
GPU (Graphics Processing Unit): Specializes in rendering images and graphics, but is not primarily responsible for instruction execution.

Volatile Memory: RAM loses its content once power is turned off.
Non-volatile Memory: Includes SSDs, ROM, and Flash Drives, retaining data without power.

BIOS (Basic Input/Output System): Firmware that initializes hardware during the booting process and provides runtime services for operating systems.
Linux: Notable for its open-source nature allowing modification and distribution of its source code.

Primary Purpose: Manage hardware and software resources rather than running application software, protecting against malware, or facilitating email communication.

Input Device: Examples include keyboards that allow users to input data.
Output Device: Monitors display visual output, while printers produce physical copies.

Global Network: Represents the Internet, a system of interconnected computers using standardized protocols.
Router Function: Routes data among devices within a network for efficient communication.
Firewall Purpose: Protects networks from unauthorized access while not necessarily increasing speed or storing data.

Wireless Technologies: Bluetooth is used for short-range communication, while Wi-Fi supports broader network access.

Web Browser: Software like Chrome or Firefox allows users to access and view web pages.
Word Processing Software: Used for creating and editing text documents, exemplified by Microsoft Word.
Device Driver Purpose: Facilitates communication between hardware devices and the operating system.

Main Circuit Board: Known as the motherboard, connecting various computer components for communication.
Data Collection: Databases consist of electronic collections of data, organized as records.

Booting: Refers to starting up a computer and loading the operating system.
Binary Number Conversion: The binary number 1010 translates to the decimal number 10.
Antivirus Programs: Primarily designed to defend against malware and viruses.

Open-Source Software: Not always free, but the source code is accessible for modification and redistribution, applicable in commercial environments as well.