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Questions and Answers
What is a defining characteristic of computers regarding task execution?
What is a defining characteristic of computers regarding task execution?
- They can process data with varying accuracy.
- They do not experience fatigue or boredom. (correct)
- They can only perform tasks when monitored.
- They require constant human intervention.
Which of the following best describes data?
Which of the following best describes data?
- The output produced after applying a program.
- Processed information that informs decisions.
- A collection of organized facts useful for human interpretation.
- A representation of facts suitable for communication or processing. (correct)
What are the characteristics that processed data must meet to qualify as information?
What are the characteristics that processed data must meet to qualify as information?
- Minimal, extensive, and retrievable.
- Complete, available continuously, accurate.
- Processed, organized, and redundant.
- Timely, accurate, and complete. (correct)
What is the base of the decimal number system?
What is the base of the decimal number system?
In data transmission, which type of link is exclusive to two devices?
In data transmission, which type of link is exclusive to two devices?
Which medium is classified as 'unguided' in data transmission?
Which medium is classified as 'unguided' in data transmission?
What is the size equivalent of 1 Gigabyte (GB) in bytes?
What is the size equivalent of 1 Gigabyte (GB) in bytes?
Which option correctly identifies an operational nature of computers?
Which option correctly identifies an operational nature of computers?
What does 'simplex' refer to in terms of communication?
What does 'simplex' refer to in terms of communication?
What role does electricity play in the functioning of computers?
What role does electricity play in the functioning of computers?
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Study Notes
Computers
- Computers are electronic devices that process data based on instructions in a program to create an output.
- They perform tasks repetitively with consistent accuracy.
- They handle routine tasks and free up human resources for creative and strategic functions.
- Computers lack intelligence and follow instructions without considering the outcome.
- They require a consistent power supply to operate.
Data and Information
- Data is a structured representation of facts, concepts, or instructions used for communication or processing.
- Data is represented using characters like alphabets, digits, and special symbols.
- Information is organized and meaningful data that aids in decision-making.
- It needs to be complete, timely, and accurate to be valuable.
Decimal and Binary Number Systems
- The decimal number system is base 10, using digits 0 to 9.
- The binary number system is a two-state system (on or off) used for varying instructions through electric signals in computers.
Data Storage Units
- 1 byte (B) = 8 bits
- 1 Kilobytes (KB) = 1024 bytes
- 1 Megabyte (MB) = 1024 KB
- 1 Gigabyte (GB) = 1024 MB
- 1 Terabyte (TB) = 1024 GB
- 1 Exabyte (EB) = 1024 TB
- 1 Zettabyte = 1024 EB
- 1 Yottabyte (YB) = 1024 ZB
Data Communications
- Deals with the reliable and efficient transmission of signals.
- Involves the technology and architecture of communication networks connecting devices.
Data Transmission
- Occurs between a transmitter and receiver via links:
- Direct Link: No intermediate devices.
- Point-to-Point: A specialized direct link for communication between only two devices.
- Multi-point: More than two devices sharing the same link.
Data Transmission Media
- Guided Medium: Includes twisted pair, coaxial cable, and optical fiber.
- Unguided/Wireless Medium: Air, water, or vacuum.
Data Transmission Modes
- Simplex: Transmission in one direction only (e.g., television broadcasting).
- Half Duplex: Transmission in either direction, but only one way at a time (e.g., police radio).
- Full Duplex: Transmission in both directions simultaneously (e.g., telephone call).
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