Computer Security Overview
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Questions and Answers

Which characteristic of security ensures that a party cannot deny the authenticity of their actions?

  • Integrity
  • Authentication
  • Nonrepudiation (correct)
  • Confidentiality
  • In the context of the C-I-A triad, which option directly relates to the protection of data from unauthorized access?

  • Confidentiality (correct)
  • Authentication
  • Availability
  • Integrity
  • What does the formula 'Who + What + How = Yes/No' refer to in security?

  • Data encryption standards
  • Authentication process
  • Access Control Policy (correct)
  • Community access controls
  • Which of the following best describes integrity in the context of security?

    <p>The accurate representation of data throughout its lifecycle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these is NOT considered part of the C-I-A triad?

    <p>Authentication</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does interception refer to in the context of threats?

    <p>Unauthorized access to an asset by an unauthorized party</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which option best describes the term modification?

    <p>Tampering or forging an asset by an unauthorized party</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of an interruption in a system?

    <p>An asset becomes lost or unusable</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best exemplifies fabrication?

    <p>Creating counterfeit digital objects in a system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the MOM framework, which element represents the reason behind a threat?

    <p>Motive</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can weak encryption lead to in a security context?

    <p>An unwarranted sense of protection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT considered a type of software control?

    <p>Performance-enhancing hardware</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of development controls in software security?

    <p>To prevent software faults from becoming vulnerabilities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of operating system and network controls, what does 'chmod' refer to?

    <p>A command for changing file permissions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important for software controls to influence usability?

    <p>To balance user accessibility with security measures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of independent control programs?

    <p>To protect against specific types of vulnerabilities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What risk arises from improper use of encryption?

    <p>No impact on overall security</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does penetration testing aim to achieve in computer security?

    <p>To identify exploitable vulnerabilities within systems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of computer security?

    <p>To protect the assets of a computer system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT considered an asset of a computer system?

    <p>Web browser</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the C-I-A Triad?

    <p>A model for ensuring computer security through confidentiality, integrity, and availability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term refers to weaknesses in a computer system that can be exploited by threats?

    <p>Vulnerabilities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of computer security, what does 'access control' refer to?

    <p>The methods used to regulate who can view or use resources</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is considered a hardware asset in a computer security context?

    <p>Disk drives</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of a software asset?

    <p>Antivirus utilities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a category of data assets in computer security?

    <p>Operating system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which control is an example of a physical control used to enhance security?

    <p>Guards at entry points</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What principle emphasizes that security can be no stronger than its weakest component?

    <p>Principle of Weakest Link</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important for users to be aware of security problems?

    <p>Increased understanding fosters compliance with security measures.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a critical aspect of the effectiveness of security controls?

    <p>Controls must be efficient and easy to use.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the potential weaknesses of relying solely on hardware or software for security?

    <p>They may not adapt quickly to new threats.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can periodic reviews enhance security measures?

    <p>By adapting to evolving threats and vulnerabilities.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following does NOT fall under the category of controls to address vulnerabilities?

    <p>Community standards and expectations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be prioritized to maintain the effectiveness of security controls?

    <p>Ensuring that controls are frequently updated and used properly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    What is Computer Security?

    • Protects the assets of a computer system, including hardware, software, and data.

    Assets

    • Hardware: Computers, devices (disk drives, memory, printer), network gear.
    • Software: Operating system, utilities (antivirus), commercial applications (word processing, photo editing), individual applications.
    • Data: Documents, photos, music, videos, emails, class projects.

    C-I-A Triad

    • Confidentiality: Ensures that information is only accessible to authorized individuals.
    • Integrity: Guarantees that data is accurate and has not been tampered with.
    • Availability: Makes sure that information and resources are available to authorized users when needed.
    • Authentication: The process of verifying the identity of a user or device.
    • Nonrepudiation: Ensures that the sender of a message cannot deny having sent it.

    Access Control

    • Determines who has access to what resources and how they can access them.

    Types of Harm

    • Interception: Unauthorized access to data.
    • Interruption: Loss, unavailability, or unusable state of a system asset.
    • Modification: Tampering or forging of data.
    • Fabrication: Creation of counterfeit objects on a system.

    MOM (Method - Opportunity - Motive)

    • Explores the means, opportunity, and motivation behind threats to security.

    Controls Available

    • Encryption: A way to protect data by transforming it into an unreadable format. If used improperly, it can have no effect or even degrade system performance.
    • Software/Program Controls:
      • Internal program controls: Security restrictions within programs (example: access limitations in a database management program).
      • Operating system and network system controls: Security enforced by the operating system or network (example: chmod in UNIX).
      • Independent control programs: Applications that protect against vulnerabilities (example: password checkers, intrusion detection utilities, virus scanners).
    • Development controls: Quality standards for designing, coding, testing, and maintaining software to prevent vulnerabilities (example: penetration testing).
    • Hardware Controls: Devices and technologies used for security, including encryption implementations, access control locks, identity verification systems, firewalls, intrusion detection systems, and storage media controls.
    • Policies and Procedures: Agreed-upon guidelines and rules among users (example: frequent password changes).
    • Physical Controls: Measures to protect physical assets (example: locks, guards, backup copies, site planning).

    Effectiveness of Controls

    • Awareness of Problem: Users must understand the need for security to willingly comply with requirements.
    • Likelihood of Use: Controls are only effective if they are used.
    • Principle of Effectiveness: Controls must be efficient, easy to use, and appropriate.
    • Overlapping Controls: Multiple controls may be used to address a single vulnerability.
    • Periodic Review: Security measures must be constantly updated to stay ahead of threats.
    • Principle of Weakest Link: Security can only be as strong as its weakest link.

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    Description

    This quiz covers the fundamental aspects of computer security, including the key components like the C-I-A triad (Confidentiality, Integrity, Availability) and access control. Learn how to protect critical assets such as hardware, software, and data to ensure a secure computing environment.

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