Computer Science Unit 1
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What is the primary function of a processor in a computer?

  • To input data into the system
  • To store data permanently
  • To process data according to instructions (correct)
  • To display outputs to the user

    • The CPU is often referred to as the brain of the computer.

    True

    What does the term 'byte' refer to in computing?

    A string of bits usually consisting of 8 binary digits.

    An ______ device allows a user to input data into a computer.

    <p>input</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following terms with their definitions:

    <p>Data = Collection of facts without context Memory = Temporary storage for data and applications Storage device = Long-term file storage Output device = Receives information from a computer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which number system uses only two digits?

    <p>Binary</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Memory is where a computer keeps data permanently.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Name one historical figure known for contributions to mathematics and computing.

    <p>Pythagoras</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of decomposition in problem-solving?

    <p>To break down problems into simpler parts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the CPU in a computer?

    <p>To execute instructions and perform calculations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Generalization involves applying concepts from one problem to help solve a different problem with similar features.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The decimal number system is also known as base 2.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an algorithm?

    <p>A sequence of steps needed to solve a problem.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In computer science, abstraction helps in identifying common __________ in real situations.

    <p>patterns</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What were the code breakers at Bletchley Park tasked with during World War Two?

    <p>Decrypting Nazi communications</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A _____ consists of 8 bits.

    <p>byte</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the correct sequence of data sizes from smallest to largest?

    <p>Byte, Kilobyte, Megabyte, Gigabyte, Terabyte, Petabyte</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best defines iteration?

    <p>Using repetition to create efficient solutions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Abstraction is only relevant in the context of computer science.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    All data processed by computers is in the form of binary.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Define decomposition in the context of problem-solving.

    <p>Breaking a problem down into simpler parts.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What coordinates are used to indicate an exact position?

    <p>X and Y values</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of patterns in understanding concepts?

    <p>To help us see and understand how things work</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Theo Van Doesburg primarily used circles in his artworks.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is decomposition in the context of creating artwork?

    <p>Decomposition is the process of breaking down a problem into smaller parts to simplify creating artwork.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    An algorithm is a set of step-by-step __________ which, when followed, solve a problem.

    <p>instructions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term describes a set of instructions that must be followed in a specific order?

    <p>Sequence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    An inaccurate algorithm will always yield accurate results.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In programming, an efficient algorithm can be improved by using __________ to repeat instructions.

    <p>iteration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key characteristic of statistically random sequences?

    <p>They contain no recognizable patterns.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Computational random number generators produce sequences that are truly random and without patterns.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one application of high randomness in algorithms?

    <p>Cryptography</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A ______ timer can tell the quiz taker how long it takes to answer each question.

    <p>count up</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following uses of timers with their descriptions:

    <p>Countdown Timer = Used to set a fixed answering time for a quiz Count Up Timer = Measures duration taken to answer questions Random Number Generator = Creates sequences that appear random Generalization = Replaces multiple blocks of code with a single function</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of a dry run in algorithm development?

    <p>To test the algorithm and make it more accurate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A function can return information back to other parts of the program while a procedure cannot.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What structure is used to introduce selection into a program?

    <p>if statement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a calculator program, the calculation 23 + 89 can be represented as C = A + B, where C is the ______ variable.

    <p>answer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following programming terms with their definitions:

    <p>Variable = A named location in memory used to store data Operation = Any action performed by a computer Flow chart = A diagram representing a series of events using shapes and arrows Procedure = A sequence of instructions that can be called upon to execute</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of selection allows for one procedure to run if one condition is not fulfilled and another procedure if it is?

    <p>If then else statement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Directional procedures always pass data from other parts of the program.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of the expression C = A + B if A = 23 and B = 89?

    <p>112</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Unit 1 - Under the Hood of a Computer

    • Data: A collection of facts without context (values, measurements, files, emails, video games, etc.) processed by the CPU.
    • Compute: Carry out mathematical calculations, using computers to solve problems.
    • Input Device: Enables input of data into a computer (e.g., keyboard).
    • Memory: Stores data and application results temporarily (lost when power off).
    • Storage Device: Stores data and software for long-term use.
    • Processor (CPU): Processes data according to instructions, providing user information.
    • Output Device: Enables output of information from a computer (e.g., headphones).
    • CPU (Central Processing Unit): Interprets and executes instructions.
    • Decimal: Number system using 10 digits (0-9), commonly used for counting.
    • Binary: Number system using 2 digits (0 and 1), used for all computer calculations.
    • Bit: A single binary digit (0 or 1).
    • Byte: A string of 8 bits (e.g., 10010101).

    Unit 1.1 - Under the Hood of a Computer

    • Compute: To count, sum, or reckon together. Electronic computers are not the first devices used to compute.
    • Early mathematics used by civilizations like Egyptians and Greeks.
    • Important figures in mathematics from different eras (Pythagoras, Lui Hui, etc.)

    Unit 1.2 - Code Breakers

    • World War II: Nazi submarines targeted supplies from Britain to the USA.
    • Bletchley Park: The location where codebreakers worked to decrypt Nazi communications.
    • Enigma Machine: The machine used by the Nazis to encrypt messages.
    • Lorenz Machine: A more advanced encryption machine used by the Nazis.
    • Decimal System: A number system with 10 digits (0-9), often referred to as base-10.
    • Binary System: Computer use a binary system, as 0 and 1 numbers are used for representing information, also called base-2.

    Unit 3 - Shapes, Patterns, and Algorithms

    • Abstraction: Focus on general ideas, ignoring details.
    • Generalization: Applying solutions from one problem to similar ones.
    • Geometrical Shapes: Shapes defined by mathematical rules.
    • Decomposition: Breaking down a problem into smaller parts.
    • Iteration: Repeating a process.
    • Coordinates: Used to show exact positions (X, Y axis).
    • Computer Science Links: Connections between math, art, and computer science; concepts like abstraction are present in each.

    Unit 4 - Creating an Animation

    • Dry Run: Testing a program on paper to see how it works.
    • Execute: Carrying out instructions in a program.
    • Sequence: A set of instructions followed in a specific order.
    • Procedure: A set of program instructions that can be reused.
    • Function: A sequence of program instructions that can be reused and passed information from other parts of the program.
    • Procedural Abstraction: Hiding details of a process in a named procedure.
    • Selection: Choosing which path to take in a program.
    • Iteration: Repeating instructions in a program.

    Unit 11 - Programming a Calculator

    • Operation : Doing a calculation or processing in a computer.
    • Variable : A named space in computer memory to store data.
    • Flowchart : A diagram representing a series of events using shapes (e.g., rectangles, ovals).

    Unit 12 - Programming a Quiz

    • Debugging : The process of fixing mistakes in computer code.
    • Abstraction : Working with general concepts instead of details.
    • Decomposition : Breaking a problem into smaller parts.
    • Generalization : Applying solutions to similar problems.
    • Variables: Named storage spaces in a computer.

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    Related Documents

    Computer Science Revision Notes PDF

    Description

    Explore the fundamental concepts of computer components and data processing in this quiz. From understanding input and output devices to the roles of memory and storage, this unit covers essential topics that form the backbone of computer science. Test your knowledge on binary, decimal systems, and the CPU's functions.

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