Computer Science Quiz on Programming and Networking

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Questions and Answers

What are the potential uses of computer programs?

Customer service applications

Only for graphic design

All of the options (correct)

Performing medical examinations

What constitutes a computer program?

sequence of instructions, human language

software, English language

sequence of instructions, Computer Programming Language (correct)

hardware, human language

What allows operating systems to recognize and associate certain filenames with created programs?

Root directory

File extensions (correct)

Filenames

Directory name

What term describes the ability to have multiple applications open at the same time?

multi-tasking Signup and view all the answers

Which type of software is often developed by individuals or small companies that can’t afford widespread marketing?

Shareware Signup and view all the answers

What is data compression also known as?

bit-rate reduction Signup and view all the answers

What type of data compression removes specific amounts of data and quality from the original file?

lossy Signup and view all the answers

What does MAC stand for in the context of network addressing?

Media Access Control Signup and view all the answers

Which network type allows devices in different local networks to communicate through pre-configured routers?

Wide Area Network (WAN) Signup and view all the answers

Which sensor helps convert your voice into a digital signal in mobile phones?

MEMS Sensor and IC Signup and view all the answers

What is the physical address associated with a Network Interface Card (NIC)?

MAC Address Signup and view all the answers

What type of storage is a hard disk classified as due to its ability to retain data when powered off?

Non-volatile Storage Signup and view all the answers

Which component translates web addresses into their corresponding IP addresses?

Domain Name System Signup and view all the answers

What generation of Intel Core does the processor 'Intel Core i9-12900K' belong to?

12th Generation Signup and view all the answers

Which two types of Bluetooth technology are recognized as of 2020?

Bluetooth Low Energy (LE) and Bluetooth Classic (BR/EDR) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of an IoT system after data reaches the cloud?

To process data and take automated actions Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic feature of a Turing Machine?

It consists of an infinite tape divided into cells Signup and view all the answers

Which option best describes the 'Industrial Internet'?

Integrating sensors, software, and big data in industrial engineering Signup and view all the answers

Which bus carries control signals and coordinates activities within a computer?

Control Bus Signup and view all the answers

What is primarily responsible for connecting internal components to the CPU?

Buses Signup and view all the answers

The Internet of Things (IoT) primarily enables communication between which types of devices?

Machine to Machine Signup and view all the answers

Which type of memory is characterized as fast and directly accessible by the CPU?

RAM (Random Access Memory) Signup and view all the answers

The underlying concept of improving electricity usage efficiency and outage detection is best described as:

Automated Metering Infrastructure Signup and view all the answers

In the step where the CPU untangles the instruction that was just fetched from memory, which operation is being performed?

decode Signup and view all the answers

When a CPU executes the instructions in a program, what is this process known as?

fetch-decode-execute Signup and view all the answers

What is defined as a step-by-step procedure to resolve any problem in programming?

Algorithm Signup and view all the answers

Which program is used to translate an assembly language program into machine language?

assembler Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following are some important categories of algorithms?

Delete Signup and view all the answers

Which characteristic must an algorithm possess?

should have 1 or more well-defined outputs Signup and view all the answers

What is defined as a group of data elements that provides an efficient way of storing and organizing data?

Data Structure Signup and view all the answers

Which data structure is known for providing better memory management than arrays?

Linked list Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of Step-8 in the given algorithm?

Display the value of SUM Signup and view all the answers

In the context of VLOOKUP, which parameter indicates an exact match for the lookup value?

The last parameter must be FALSE Signup and view all the answers

Which type of system is specifically designed to manage routine business transactions?

Transaction processing system Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of using hexagonal cells in cellular technology?

Coverage without overlapping Signup and view all the answers

Which command retrieves the IP address of a device in the command prompt?

ipconfig Signup and view all the answers

Which device indiscriminately forwards data packets to all connected devices?

Hub Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following represents a data structure with hierarchical relationships among nodes?

Trees Signup and view all the answers

What technology allows a microphone to convert voice into a digital signal?

MEMS sensor and IC Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of CSS in web development?

To style the layout and appearance of web pages Signup and view all the answers

Which program translates a high-level language into a separate machine language program?

Compiler Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about assembly language is true?

It requires writing many instructions for simple programs. Signup and view all the answers

What does the following algorithm calculate? Start → Input N → X = 1, SUM = 0 → IF (X > N) THEN GO TO Step-8 → SUM = SUM + X → X = X + 1 → GO to Step-4 → Display SUM.

The sum of numbers from 1 to N Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements best describes a machine language instruction?

It is a binary number that communicates with the CPU. Signup and view all the answers

What role does an assembler play in programming?

It converts assembly language to machine language. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary task of the fetch-decode-execute cycle in computer programming?

To process a sequence of programmed instructions. Signup and view all the answers

What does the algorithm involving three integers a, b, and c perform?

It adds two numbers and displays the result. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

IoT System

An IoT system connects sensors/devices to the cloud.
Cloud software processes the data and might trigger actions, like alerts.
Actions might adjust sensors/devices without user input.

Turing Machine

A mathematical model with an infinite tape.
Divided into cells, receiving input.
A head reads input and the state register keeps track of the machine's state.
Input symbol replacement leads to internal state changes.
Head moves rightward or leftward.

Industrial Engineering

Empowering industrial engineering with sensors, software, and big data analytics.
Creating advanced machines.

Control Bus

Carries control signals and commands from the CPU.
Coordinates computer activities.

Buses

Transmit data between computer components.
Connect major internal components to the CPU.

Internet of Things (IoT)

A system of interconnected computing devices.
Network of interrelated devices.

Random Access Memory (RAM)

Computer's main memory.
Fast and directly accessible by the CPU.
Data is lost when the computer is turned off.

Computer Models

Von Neumann Model— architecture with separate memory and processing units.

Smart Grids

Collect data automatically to manage electricity.
Analyze consumer and supplier behaviors, enhancing efficiency.
Detect power outages quickly.
Enable distributed energy systems, using local solar panels.

Computer Devices

Tablets, laptops, and wearable devices are daily computing devices.
Oscilloscopes are not daily computing devices.

IoT Devices

Amazon Echo, Google Home, and Nest Smoke alarms are IoT devices.

Connected Car

Optimizes operation, maintenance, and passenger comfort.
Uses onboard sensors and internet connectivity.

Smart Home

Costliest home expense.
Products save time, energy, and money.

Arithmetic and Logic Unit (ALU)

Performs arithmetic and logical operations (add, subtract, AND, OR, NOT).

IoT Components

A complete IoT system integrates five distinct components.

Technology for Level Playing Field

Technology improves access to public services, such as digital payments.

Data Collection in IoT

Sensors/devices first collect data from their environment.

Powerful IoT Applications

Smart cities improve surveillance, transportation, energy management, water distribution, security, and environmental monitoring.

Data Transmission Methods

Cell towers use wireless technology and fiber optic cables.

Command Prompt

ipconfig command displays the device's IP address.

Data Conversion

Encryption converts data into a form only accessible to authorized systems.

Call Request

A call request first arrives at the caller's home MSC.

Mobile Phone Generations

First-generation mobile phones used the FDMA technique.

Data Transmission Speed

The second generation of mobile phones introduced SMS and internet browsing at 9.6 Kbps.

Mobile Transmission Technology

The fourth generation of mobile phones uses OFDMA and MIMO.

Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)

Checks for errors in data packets, making it simple.

Socket

The unique combination of IP address and port number.

Network Topology

The layout of devices in a network (Bus, Star, Mesh, Ring, Daisy chain).

SIM Card Registration

SIM card information registration in a specified MSC (mobile switching center).

Proxy Server

Using a proxy server may slow down network performance.

Packet Filtering

Examines data packets based on user-defined rules.

Home MSC

Your home MSC identifies your current MSC area.

MAC Address

A logical address of a system across the network.

Wireless LAN (WLAN)

Devices connect through pre-configured routers and can communicate with other LAN networks, enabling scalable networks.

Microphone's Role

MEMS sensors and ICs convert voice to digital signals.

Cellular Technology

Hexagonal cells in cellular technology minimize signal interference and overlapping coverage areas.

MAC Address Definition

A unique identifier associated with a network interface card (NIC).

Hard Disk Storage

Hard disks are considered non-volatile storage.

Domain Name System (DNS)

Translates web addresses (URLs) into IP addresses.

Processor Generation

The designation "i9-12900K" indicates the processor's 12th generation.

Petabytes

1 petabyte equals 1 quadrillion bytes.

Types of Bluetooth

Two types of existing Bluetooth technology (high-speed, low-energy).

RAM Installation

RAM is installed via double data rate (DDR) memory modules.

RAM Data Loss

Data in RAM is lost when the computer is turned off.

SSD Speed

NVMe SSDs are faster than SATA SSDs.

SSD Storage

SSDs use flash memory, instead of spinning disks.

CPU Speed Measurement

CPU speed is measured in Hertz.

Data Packet Delivery

Hubs quickly copy and send data packets to connected devices.

Operating System (OS) Function

The operating system manages computer components and tasks.

Basic Input/Output System (BIOS)

Manages basic computer inputs and outputs.

Programming Algorithm Characteristics

Algorithms generally have clear and unambiguous steps, well-defined inputs, well-defined outputs, and step-by-step instructions independent of any programming code.

Data Structure Definition

Data structures are groups of data elements organized efficiently for computer use.

Data Structure Examples

Examples of data structures include arrays, queues, linked lists, and trees.

Flowchart Benefits

Flowcharts streamline logic, improve analysis, enhance communication, and are valuable for coding and documentation.

Flowchart Application

An example flowchart demonstrates finding the smallest number among three inputs (A, B, C).

Data Structures

Multilevel data structures, such as trees, have hierarchical relationships.

Stacks

Stacks follow LIFO (Last-In, First-Out) principle.

Flowcharts

Flowcharts are graphical representations of algorithms.

Transaction Processing System (TPS)

TPS handles daily transactions in an organization.

Executive Support System (ESS)

Provides high-level data to senior managers for strategic decision-making.

Management Information System (MIS)

Serve middle managers with monitoring, control, and decision-making, and administrative activities.

Operational-Level Systems

Handle daily tasks, transactions, and administrative activities for middle managers.

Strategic-Level Systems

Help senior managers make strategic decisions based on long-term trends.

Business Challenges

Systems integration for large organizations with thousands of applications serving different needs.

System Evaluation Tasks

Answering questions like which vessel maximizes profits, optimal loading patterns, and total sales.

TPS Advantages

TPS failure can have a dire impact on a business.

Single System Integration

A single system cannot handle all information needs of an entire organization.

Data in ESS

ESS incorporate external data such as new laws, competitors' actions alongside summarized internal data.

Relational Databases

The relational database is one of the most used database models.

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Description

Test your knowledge on fundamental concepts in computer science, including programming, network addressing, and data storage. This quiz covers various aspects of how computer programs function, types of software, and data compression techniques, among others.