Computer Science Fundamentals Unit 1-3

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following accurately describes the function of a compiler?

  • Executes high-level programming code without translating it.
  • Optimizes machine code for faster execution.
  • Converts machine code back into high-level programming code.
  • Translates high-level programming code into machine code. (correct)

In a computer network, which topology ensures that each device is connected to a central hub?

  • Ring topology
  • Star topology (correct)
  • Bus topology
  • Mesh topology

Which of the following represents the purpose of the OSI model's Transport layer?

  • Defining how data packets are formatted for transmission.
  • Ensuring reliable delivery of messages between hosts. (correct)
  • Providing routing and switching between networks.
  • Handling data compression and encryption.

What is the primary difference between RAM and ROM in computer architecture?

<p>RAM is volatile and loses data when powered off, while ROM is non-volatile. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following correctly describes a subnet mask's purpose?

<p>Determines the range of addresses within a specific network. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which type of operating system architecture is the user interface separated from the kernel?

<p>Microkernel architecture (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main characteristic of a mobile operating system compared to a traditional operating system?

<p>Optimized for touchscreen interfaces and battery efficiency. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes the difference between ASCII and UTF encoding schemes?

<p>UTF can represent characters from multiple languages, while ASCII is limited to English. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Compiler

A system that converts a set of instructions into a language a computer can understand, usually by translating the instructions into machine code.

Interpreter

A computer program that executes instructions directly without needing to translate them into a different language.

Network Protocol

A set of rules that govern how computers communicate and share data.

LAN (Local Area Network)

A type of network that covers a small geographical area, like a home or office building.

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Cellular Network

A technology that uses radio waves to transmit voice, data, and other information over long distances.

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IMEI (International Mobile Equipment Identity)

A unique identifier assigned to a mobile device, stored on the SIM card.

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Processor

The central processing unit (CPU) of a computer, responsible for executing instructions.

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WAN (Wide Area Network)

A type of network that spans a large geographical area, like a country or continent.

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Study Notes

Unit 1

  • Covers binary, octal, decimal, and hexadecimal number systems
  • Includes conversions between these systems
  • Defines ASCII and UTF representations
  • Outlines computer history and evolution
  • Introduces key computer terms and architecture
  • Discusses hardware, software, programming languages, compilers, and interpreters

Unit 2

  • Explains computer hardware components (motherboard, processor, memory, storage)
  • Details hardware and software components, including primary and secondary storage
  • Discusses networking components and operating systems
  • Outlines the booting process, different operating system types (Windows, Linux), and file systems

Unit 3

  • Defines computer networks; digital and analog signaling
  • Explains network components, topology, and network types (LAN, MAN, WAN)
  • Details routers and routing protocols, OSI and TCP/IP communication layers
  • Discusses IP addresses (types and classes), subnet masks, MAC addresses
  • Introduces concepts of firewalls, IDS, IPS and Internet related crimes

Unit 4

  • Provides an introduction to mobile technologies and their components (cellular networks)
  • Details different mobile devices, hardware characteristics, and software characteristics
  • Expands on mobile operating systems, phone components (IMEI, SIM), and smart phones

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