Computer Science Fundamentals Quiz

The process of breaking down a complex problem into smaller, manageable steps. It involves defining the problem, identifying patterns, and developing a solution that can be automated.

A set of instructions that can be followed to solve a problem. An algorithm is a precise sequence of steps that always leads to a solution.

A visual representation of an algorithm, using symbols to show the flow of information and actions. Flowcharts are used to design and document algorithms.

A way to describe an algorithm using a simple and structured language. It's similar to human language but focuses on the logic of the steps.

A type of code that represents data, such as numbers, text, or logical values. They define the type of data that a variable can hold.

A placeholder that stores data in a program. Each variable has a name and a data type, which determines the type of data it can hold.

A method used to display information on a screen. They allow us to see the results of a program.

A method to get information from the user. They allow us to interact with a program by providing input.

A type of argument where the conclusion is guaranteed to be true if the premises are true. It follows a logical structure that ensures the conclusion is valid.

An argument where the premises provide support for the conclusion, but don't guarantee its truth. It involves making assumptions about patterns and generalizations.

An algorithm must end after a finite number of steps. It cannot run indefinitely.

Every step in an algorithm must be clearly defined and unambiguous. There should be no room for interpretation.

An algorithm should be able to be executed by a computer or a person. It must be translated into a form that can be understood and processed.

A sequence of characters used to represent text. In C, a string is usually enclosed in double quotes (e.g., "Hello World") and is represented as an array of characters.

A data type in C that represents a whole number without a decimal point. For example, integers are used to store ages, years, and quantities.

A data type in C that represents a number with a decimal point. For example, floating-point numbers are used to store decimal values like heights and weights.

A variable refers to a named location in memory used to store data. It acts as a container for a value that can change during program execution.

A set of rules used to create meaningful names for variables. The rules ensure that names are valid and do not conflict with reserved keywords.

A file containing instructions written in a high-level programming language like C. It is human-readable and needs to be compiled into machine-readable code.

Converting human-readable source code written in a high-level language into machine-readable code that the computer can understand and execute.

A text file containing the compiled machine code that can be executed by the computer's central processing unit (CPU).

A data type that can store a single character, like 'a', '1', or '@'. Can also be used to create strings which are arrays of characters.

A variable type that can hold highly precise decimal numbers, with a greater range and detail than float. Often used for complex computations.

A format specifier used to represent float values when printing. It displays the decimal part. Example: '%.2f' will print 2 digits after the decimal point.

A format specifier used to represent double values when printing. It displays the decimal part. Example: '%.2lf' will print 2 digits after the decimal point.

A format specifier used to represent integer values when printing. It displays the whole number part.

When assigning an integer value to a float variable, the result will be a float value with zeroes after the decimal point.

Attempting to print a float value using the %d format specifier will result in incorrect or garbage output.

The short data type is used to store whole numbers and uses 2 bytes of storage space, allowing it to hold values between -32,768 to 32,767.

The int data type is used to store whole numbers and uses 2 or 4 bytes of storage space depending on the operating system. This allows it to hold larger values than short int.

The long data type is used to store whole numbers and uses 8 bytes of storage space in a 64-bit system and 4 bytes in a 32-bit system. This allows it to hold very large whole numbers.

If you try to assign a decimal value to an integer data type (such as short int, int, or long), the part after the decimal point will be discarded. Only the whole number part will be assigned to the variable

Floating-point data types allow you to store decimal values. These are useful for numbers with fractional parts.

In C, the '%' symbol and a specific character code are used to specify how a variable should be printed. For example, '%f' is used for printing float variables.

A logical operator that returns true if at least one of its operands is true. It is symbolized by '||' or 'OR'.

A logical operator that negates the truth value of its operand. It is symbolized by '!' or 'NOT'.

Used to compare two values (or expressions) and return a Boolean value (true or false) based on the comparison. They are used to create conditions in control flow.

Checks whether two values are equal. Returns true if they are equal, false otherwise. Often used in conditional statements to influence program logic.

Checks whether two values are not equal. Returns true if they are not equal, false otherwise. Useful in conditional statements to select different program paths depending on the values.

Checks whether the first value is greater than the second. Returns true if the first value is greater, false otherwise. Used for comparing numbers and controlling program flow.

Checks whether the first value is less than the second. Returns true if the first value is less, false otherwise. Useful for comparing values and creating conditions in code.

Checks whether the first value is less than or equal to the second. Returns true if the first value is less than or equal, false otherwise. Often used in conditional statements to evaluate a range of values.