Computer Science Basics
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of RAM in a computer system?

  • Providing power to the components
  • Acting as a bridge between the CPU and other components
  • Storing data and instructions for CPU access (correct)
  • Forwarding data packets to their destination
  • Which components are involved in a simple communication system?

  • Host, Client, Server, Node
  • Sender, Router, Decoder, Switch
  • Transmitter, Channel, Medium, Receiver
  • Sender, Receiver, Encoder, Decoder (correct)
  • What is one advantage of utilizing a Local Area Network (LAN)?

  • Increased security against unauthorized access
  • Automatic updates for all devices on network
  • Connections can span large geographical distances
  • Ability to share hardware such as printers (correct)
  • Which stage is NOT part of the design process?

    <p>Communication Strategy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the Central Processing Unit (CPU) in a computer system?

    <p>Executing instructions and performing calculations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does packet switching play in a network?

    <p>It improves resource use by breaking data into smaller packets.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component is responsible for temporarily storing frequently accessed data in a computer system?

    <p>Cache</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure (HTTPS) indicate about a web page?

    <p>It has a special layer of encryption for secure communication</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one purpose of the Internet Protocol?

    <p>Routing packets of data between source and destination</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do the primary colors in traditional color theory consist of?

    <p>Red, Yellow, Blue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the role of the motherboard in a computer system?

    <p>Managing communication between hardware components</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when a computer runs out of RAM?

    <p>It starts using hard drive space as temporary memory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes desaturation of a color?

    <p>Reduces the intensity of the color</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) in a network?

    <p>Implementing flow control mechanisms for data transmission</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best defines a network?

    <p>A group of two or more computers linked for resource sharing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of an input device in a computer system?

    <p>To input data or commands into the computer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of a web browser?

    <p>Viewing and navigating websites</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a firewall primarily do in a computer network?

    <p>Prevents unauthorized access</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the URL?

    <p>A web address for accessing resources</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of Web 1.0?

    <p>Read-only web</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does a computer's CPU performance relate to clock speed?

    <p>Higher clock speed leads to faster instruction processing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of hypertext markup language (HTML)?

    <p>To define the layout of web pages</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'upload' refer to in data transfer?

    <p>Transferring data from one computer to another</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best defines 'byte'?

    <p>Generally consists of eight bits</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    RAM

    • Stores data and instructions the CPU needs quickly.

    Components of a Simple Communication System

    • Sender: Initiates communication
    • Receiver: Gets the message.
    • Encoder: Converts message into transmittable form.
    • Decoder: Converts the message back to its original form.

    Power Supply Unit

    • Provides electricity to the computer's components.

    Local Area Network (LAN)

    • Shares resources like printers, storage, software, and data.

    Motherboard

    • Connects the CPU to all the other components, allowing data to flow between them.

    Design Process Stages

    • Design Brief: Outlines the problem and desired outcome
    • Creative Process: Exploring ideas and generating solutions
    • Planning and Execution: Organizing and implementing the design
    • Prototype or Dummy: A working model for testing and refinement
    • Implementation: Realizing the final design

    Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP)

    • Used to send emails.

    Router

    • Transmits network data packets to their destination.

    Primary Colors

    • Red, Yellow, and Blue

    Desaturated Color

    • A color that is less intense than its original form.

    RAM and System Performance

    • Higher RAM allows for more applications to run simultaneously without slowing down the computer.

    Packet Switching

    • Efficient use of network resources by breaking data into packets.
    • Contributes to robust and reliable networks.
    • Often more cost-effective than circuit switching.

    Internet Protocol (IP)

    • Defines rules for routing data packet between sender and receiver.
    • Creates standardized protocols for devices from different manufacturers.
    • Assigns unique numerical addresses to devices on a network.

    Local Area Network (LAN)

    • Usually found in schools and businesses located in a small area.

    Router

    • Connects two or more networks by acting as a traffic controller for network signals.

    Color Saturation

    • Refers to the intensity or brilliance of a color.

    Form and Space

    • Form relates to the elements or parts of a design, while space is the area around and between those elements.

    Secure Connections

    • URLs with "https" are secure.

    Color Value

    • Represents the lightness or darkness of a color.

    Color Temperature

    • Describes the subjective feeling of warm or cool associated with a color.

    Design Rules

    • Have a clear concept or idea.
    • Maintain a consistent visual style.
    • Use impactful elements to create emphasis.

    Central Processing Unit (CPU)

    • Executes instructions and performs calculations.

    Cache

    • Temporarily stores frequently used data to improve performance.

    Internet

    • A network of networks connecting computers globally.

    Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure (HTTPS)

    • Protocol for secure communication over the internet.
    • Uses encryption to protect personal information and passwords.

    Basic Input/Output System (BIOS)

    • Initializes hardware components when the computer starts up.

    Motherboard

    • Manages communication between hardware components.

    Hard Drive

    • Stores and retrieves large amounts of data long-term.

    Graphics Processing Unit (GPU)

    • Processes video and images to free up the CPU (Central Processing Unit).

    Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)

    • Manages the rate of data transmission between sender and receiver.

    Graphics Processing Unit (GPU)

    • Renders images and graphics on the computer screen.

    Network

    • A group of connected computers that can share resources and communicate.

    Virtual Memory

    • When RAM is full, the computer uses hard drive space as temporary memory.

    Line

    • Unifies areas within a design.

    CPU Function

    • Processes input, stores data, and outputs results.

    Input Devices

    • Devices used to enter data and commands into the computer.

    Communication System

    • A combination of hardware, software, and communication facilities.

    Modem

    • Converts digital signals to analog signals for transmission.

    Importance of HTTP and HTTPS

    • Protocols that enable information transmission across the Internet.

    Email

    • The most common method for online communication.

    Channel

    • The physical pathway that connects sender and receiver.

    CPU Clock Speed

    • Higher clock speed results in faster instruction processing.

    Web Browser

    • Used to view and navigate websites.

    Firewall

    • Prevents unauthorized access to a computer network.

    Hue

    • Refers to the color's identity or name, such as red, green, or blue.

    Website

    • A collection of web pages and related content accessible through a common domain name.

    Hypertext Markup Language (HTML)

    • A coding language that tells web browsers how to display content such as text, images, multimedia, and links.

    Web Page

    • A document accessible through a web browser.

    Social Media

    • Websites and apps used for sharing comments, photos, and videos online.

    Web Application

    • An application program stored on a remote server and accessed through a browser interface.

    Disadvantages of Web 1.0

    • Read-only with limited user interaction.
    • Lack of standardisation.

    Examples of Web 1.0

    • Mp3.com
    • Home Page Directories
    • Page Views
    • HTML/Portals

    System Unit

    • The physical enclosure containing the computer's electronic components.

    RAM Volatility

    • Information stored in RAM is erased when the computer is turned off.

    Read-Only Memory (ROM)

    • Used for boot-up process or system initialization.

    Internet: Global Connection

    • A network of networks connected through data lines and wireless systems.

    Uniform Resource Locator (URL)

    • The address used to access a resource on the World Wide Web.

    Bit

    • A single digit in the binary numbering system (base 2).

    Byte

    • Typically consists of eight bits.

    Upload

    • Transferring data from your computer to another computer.

    Download

    • Transferring data from another computer to yours.

    Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP)

    • The standard for communication of web pages.
    • Ensures links, text, and pictures work correctly in web browsers.

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    Description

    Test your understanding of essential computer science concepts including RAM, communication systems, and LAN. This quiz covers the basic components of a computer, their functions, and the design process. Perfect for students looking to reinforce their foundational knowledge.

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