Computer-Related Forgery

Computer-Related Offenses

• Computer-related forgery involves the unauthorized input, alteration, or deletion of computer data with the intent to make it seem authentic for legal purposes.

Computer-Related Fraud

• It involves the unauthorized input, alteration, or deletion of computer data or program, or interference with a computer system, causing damage with fraudulent intent.

Computer-Related Identity Theft

• It involves the intentional acquisition, use, misuse, transfer, possession, alteration, or deletion of identifying information belonging to another, without right.

Content-Related Offenses

• Cybersex involves the willful engagement, maintenance, control, or operation of lascivious exhibitions of sexual organs or sexual activity, with the aid of a computer system, for favor or consideration.

• Child Pornography involves the unlawful or prohibited acts defined and punishable by Republic Act No. 9775 or the Anti-Child Pornography Act of 2009, committed through a computer system, with a penalty one degree higher than that provided for in Republic Act No. 9775.

• Unsolicited Commercial Communications involve the transmission of commercial electronic communication with the use of a computer system which seek to advertise, sell, or offer for sale products and services, unless prohibited.

• Libel involves the unlawful or prohibited acts of libel as defined in Article 355 of the Revised Penal Code, as amended, committed through a computer system or any other similar means.

Other Offenses

• Aiding or Abetting in the Commission of Cybercrime involves any person who willfully abets or aids in the commission of any of the offenses enumerated in this Act.

• Attempt in the Commission of Cybercrime involves any person who willfully attempts to commit any of the offenses enumerated in this Act.

Cybercrime Offenses

• Offenses against the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of computer data and systems include:
  • Illegal Access, which involves accessing a computer system without right.
  • Illegal Interception, which involves intercepting non-public transmission of computer data without right.
  • Data Interference, which involves altering, damaging, deleting, or deteriorating computer data without right.
  • System Interference, which involves altering, damaging, deleting, or deteriorating computer data without right.
  • Misuse of Devices, which involves the use, production, sale, procurement, or importation of devices for unauthorized access or interception.