Computer Registers
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary difference between access time for random-access memory and non-random-access memory?

  • Access time is not applicable to non-random-access memory
  • Non-random-access memory requires positioning the read-write mechanism (correct)
  • Random-access memory has a fixed access time
  • Random-access memory has a slower access time

    • What is the memory cycle time primarily concerned with?

  • The processor's data processing rate
  • The data storage medium's physical characteristics
  • The system bus and signal line transients (correct)
  • The memory chip's fabrication process

    • What is the relationship between transfer rate and memory cycle time for random-access memory?

  • Transfer rate is unrelated to the memory cycle time
  • Transfer rate is inversely proportional to the memory cycle time (correct)
  • Transfer rate is equal to the memory cycle time
  • Transfer rate is directly proportional to the memory cycle time

    • Which type of memory is always nonvolatile?

    <p>Magnetic-surface memory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of volatile memory?

    <p>Information decays naturally or is lost when power is switched off</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of semiconductor memory?

    <p>It can be either volatile or nonvolatile</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of an Operating System?

    <p>To act as an interface between applications and computer hardware</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the portion of the OS that resides in main memory?

    <p>Kernel</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary objective of the Batch Multiprogramming operating system?

    <p>Maximize processor use</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key feature of Time Sharing operating systems?

    <p>Timer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a service provided by an Operating System?

    <p>Program creation and execution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the OS responsible for managing?

    <p>Computer resources</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary distinction between internal and external memory?

    <p>Location</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the unit of transfer for internal memory?

    <p>Number of electrical lines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of memory access involves a shared read-write mechanism?

    <p>Direct access</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical unit of expression for memory capacity?

    <p>Bytes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of Instruction Set Architecture (ISA)?

    <p>To define the machine language instructions that a computer can follow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of a processor's local memory?

    <p>To store data temporarily</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the Memory Buffer Register (MBR)?

    <p>Contains a word to be stored in memory or sent to the I/O unit</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of multiprogramming?

    <p>To work on more than one program at a time</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of sequential access memory?

    <p>Access time is variable</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of scheduling determines which process's pending I/O request shall be handled by an available I/O device?

    <p>I/O scheduling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What technique is used to temporarily hold operands and results of ALU operations?

    <p>Accumulator (AC) and multiplier quotient (MQ)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the three key concepts that the von Neumann architecture is based on?

    <p>Data and instructions are stored in a single read-write memory, The contents of this memory are addressable by location, Execution occurs in a sequential fashion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the short-term scheduler, also known as the dispatcher?

    <p>To decide which available process will be executed by the processor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of an Application Binary Interface (ABI)?

    <p>To define a standard for binary portability across programs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the processing required for a single instruction?

    <p>Instruction cycle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two approaches to dealing with multiple interrupts?

    <p>Disable interrupts and define priorities or define priorities and disable interrupts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key to multiprogramming?

    <p>Scheduling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a combination of computer hardware and software and perhaps additional mechanical or other parts, designed to perform a dedicated function?

    <p>Embedded System</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common interconnection structure that connects major computer components?

    <p>Bus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the address of the next instruction pair to be fetched from memory?

    <p>Program Counter (PC)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the contents of this memory that are addressable by location?

    <p>Addresses and locations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the execution of instructions in a sequential fashion?

    <p>Sequential execution</p> Signup and view all the answers

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