Computer Processes and Hardware
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of File Explorer?

File Explorer is the main file management utility.

Define 'shareware' in terms of software distribution.

Shareware is software that can be tried before purchase.

What does TCP/IP stand for and where is it commonly used?

TCP/IP stands for Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol, commonly used in networking.

Explain the role of a modem in data transmission.

<p>A modem converts digital signals to analog signals and vice versa.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a network interface card (NIC)?

<p>A network interface card connects a PC to a network.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does software play in computer processing, and what is the function of hardware?

<p>Software directs the processing in a computer, while hardware performs the operations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Define a WAN and explain its purpose.

<p>A WAN, or wide area network, connects computers over great distances.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What components make up the Central Processing Unit (CPU)?

<p>The CPU consists of both the control unit and the arithmetic/logic unit.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is meant by serial processing?

<p>Serial processing refers to the execution of processing instructions one at a time.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of a compiler in programming?

<p>A compiler converts programming instructions written by programmers into computer language.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain the term 'kernel' in the context of operating systems.

<p>The kernel is the operating system program that remains resident in memory.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of Cache memory in a computer?

<p>Cache memory is a high-speed temporary storage location for data moving between memory and the CPU.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the four steps in a machine cycle?

<p>The four steps are fetch, decode, execute, and store.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Computer Processes and Hardware

  • Computer processes are directed by software, but performed by hardware
  • WAN (Wide Area Network) connects computers over great distances
  • CPU (Central Processing Unit) includes the control unit and arithmetic/logic unit
  • Serial processing involves instructions being processed one at a time
  • Machine cycle includes instruction time (I-time) when the control unit decodes an instruction
  • Compilers translate programming instructions into computer language
  • Data represents facts, figures, or ideas (numbers, words, pictures, sound)
  • Kernel is the operating system program resident in memory
  • Disk defragmenter reorganizes disk files for faster access
  • MHz is a unit of frequency equal to one million cycles per second
  • Web browser allows users to explore the internet
  • Byte is a group of 8 bits
  • Apple MAC used a graphical user interface (GUI) in 1984
  • Machine cycle combines instruction and execution time
  • Bit is a binary digit (0 or 1)
  • Cache memory is fast temporary storage for data between memory and CPU
  • Dot matrix printer uses a print head to contact paper to produce characters

Computer Components and Software

  • Motherboard is the main circuit board in the system unit
  • Computers are used in fields like medical, industry, and finance (banking, stock)
  • Multiprocessing uses multiple processors simultaneously
  • Machine cycle steps include fetch, decode, execute, and store
  • RAM (Random Access Memory) allows users to read and write new info
  • ROM (Read-Only Memory) memory cannot be modified by the user
  • File compression utilities reduce file space
  • Command-line interface is used in command-line operating systems (like MS-DOS)
  • Shell is a program that overlays the OS for a user-friendly interface, File Explorer is a main file management tool
  • Shareware is software you can test before buying
  • Pipelining allows the overlapping of machine cycle steps
  • System bus connects CPU and memory
  • Dot pitch is the distance between pixels in millimeters
  • GUI (Graphical User Interface)
  • .accdb is the extension for Microsoft Access
  • Uninstall procedures are in the Control Panel
  • Vertical applications or enterprise applications are used widely within an organization
  • TCP/IP stands for Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol

Data Transmission and Devices

  • Analog signals are used primarily by telephone lines
  • Modems convert between digital and analog signals
  • Bluetooth connects devices over short distances
  • WAP (Wireless Access Point) lets laptops with wireless NICs connect
  • ISP (Internet Service Provider) provides internet access
  • NIC (Network Interface Card) connects PCs to a network
  • Output devices convert electronic data to other formats

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Description

This quiz covers essential concepts related to computer processes and hardware components, including the roles of the CPU, WANs, and different types of processing. Test your knowledge on topics such as machine cycles, kernels, and data representations in computing.

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